The gradual depletion of shallow water hydrocarbon deposits has forced the offshore oil and gas industry to develop reserves in deeper waters. Dynamically installed anchors have been proposed as a cost-effective anchoring solution for floating offshore structures in deep water environments. The rocket or torpedo shaped anchor is released from a designated drop height above the seafloor and allowed to penetrate the seabed via the kinetic energy gained during free-fall and the anchor’s self weight. Dynamic anchors can be deployed in any water depth and the relatively simple fabrication and installation procedures provide a significant cost saving over conventional deepwater anchoring systems. Despite use in a number of offshore applications, information regarding the geotechnical performance of dynamically installed anchors is scarce. Consequently, this research has focused on establishing an extensive test database through the modelling of the dynamic anchor installation process in the geotechnical centrifuge. The tests were aimed at assessing the embedment depth and subsequent dynamic anchor holding capacity under various loading conditions. Analytical design tools, verified against the experimental database, were developed for the prediction of the embedment depth and holding capacity.

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Dagens allt mer globaliserade värld kräver enkla medel som genererar ekonomisk lönsamhet. Den ökade globaliseringen med de nuvarande kommunikationsmöjligheterna främjar verksamheter till att förflytta produktionen till andra destinationer, för att uppnå konkurrensnivå och erhålla billigare driftkostnader. Offshore outsourcing innebär förflyttning av produktion till från intern provision till en extern enhet som är specialiserad inom styrande och utförande av denna aktivitet. Verksamheter som instiftar offshore outsourcing överlämnar icke- och kärnprocesser till externa parter, som utför samma arbete som den interna verksamheten men för en lägre kostnad. I litteraturen framkommer det att offshore outsourcing genererar minskade kostnader, ökad flexibilitet, ett ökat utnyttjande av teknologi samt tillgången till expertis. Offshoring innebär förflyttningar av affärsfunktioner över nationsgränserna vilket gör att de kan erhålla reduceringar av kostnader, strategiska resurser och behåller marknadsandelar gentemot konkurrenterna. De drivkrafter som finns till varför organisationer förflyttar sin produktion är på grund av det transanktionskostnadsekonomiska perspektivet som de flesta verksamheter innehar. Transanktionskostnadsperspektiv är ett synsätt som definierar alla aspekter vid införandet av offshore outsourcing och offshoring Syftet är att undersöka motiv till förflyttande av kärn-och icke kärnprocesser och undersöka de negativa effekter som medföljer en sådan organisationsförändring. Undersökningen ska besvara hur motiven och effekterna för offshore outsourcing skiljer sig från offshoring. I ett frågeformulär som har skapats utifrån litteratur gällande offshore outsourcing och offshoring, har två olika verksamheter intervjuats om deras erfarenheter om respektive koncept. Utifrån intervjuerna har det framkommit att det finns likheter och skillnader gentemot litteraturen. Verksamheterna har dock en gemensam faktor till införande av offshore outsourcing och offshoring vilket är kostnadsmotiv. Beslutet bakom om en organisation ska genomföra offshore outsourcing eller offshoring cirkulerar kring ett flertal aspekter som beror på organisationsstruktur och förhållanden. Denna studie ska hjälpa framtida företag och privatpersoner att få en djupare inblick kring de båda begreppen för att förhoppningsvis påverka deras val vid införande av rationella organisationsförändringar. Studien ska dessutom hjälpa nuvarande och framtida studenter som vill fördjupa sig och få en bredare bild kring ämnet. / Today's increasingly globalized world requires simple means to generate economic profitability. The increasing globalization of the current communication possibilities promotes the move of production and activities to other destinations, to achieve a higher level of competition and obtain cheaper operating costs. Offshore outsourcing involves moving production from the internal commission to an external unit specialized in directing and conducting this activity. Activities instituting offshore outsourcing submit core and non-core processes to external parties, who perform the same work as the internal organization but for a lower cost. In the literature, it appears that offshore outsourcing generates lower costs, increased flexibility, increased use of technology and access to expertise. Offshoring involves the movement of business functions across national borders, which means that they can achieve reductions in costs, strategic resources and retain market share against competitors.                                         The driving forces to why organizations move their production is due to the Transaction Cost Perspective that most companies holds. The Transaction Cost Perspective is an approach that defines all aspects of the introduction of offshore outsourcing and offshoring. The aim is to investigate the reasons for the moving the core and non-core processes and analyzing the harmful effects that come with such an organizational change. The study will answer how the motives and effects of offshore outsourcing differ from the motives and effects of offshoring. In a questionnaire that has been created based on the theory of offshore outsourcing and offshoring two different businesses were interviewed about their experiences of each concept. Based on the interviews, it has emerged that there are similarities and differences from the literature. The operations, however, has a common factor in the adoption of offshore outsourcing and offshoring, which are cost advantages. The decision behind why an organization to implement offshore outsourcing or offshoring circulates around a number of aspects, depending on their organizational structure and relations. This study should help future businesses and individuals to get a deeper insight on the two concepts to hopefully influence their choices at the introduction of rational organizational changes.

Wind energy, the fastest growing source of renewable energy, is a promising resource for power generation. Offshore wind energy, in particular,offers favorable conditions for power generation—high winds with low turbulence, minimal visual impacts and high generation capacities. Offshore wind turbines mounted on floating platforms are the most economical and viable solution for deep water sites. A semi-submersible platform is an appropriate floating platform for a deep water site, providing stability through high water-plane area. In the wind energy industry, there has been continuing interest in developing larger turbines. At Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), efforts have led to the development of a 13.2 MW wind turbine model with blades 100 meters in length, significantly larger than commercially available blades at present. Such a large wind turbine needs to be carefully analyzed and studied before it can be considered suitable for commercial purposes. The dynamic analysis of the SNL 13.2 MW wind turbine mounted on a moored semi-submersible platform is the subject of this study. This integrated 13.2 MW wind turbine system has been developed and its various physical properties have been studied in this and another associated study. The semi-submersible platform is developed using various modeling tools. For the wind turbine-platform system model developed, dynamic analyses are performed using simulation tools to understand the coupled behavior of the wind turbine and the platform. A reference site is chosen to define the environmental conditions, based on which the short-term extreme response of the offshore wind turbine is estimated. The system is loaded with selected combinations of winds and waves to assess controlling combinations of wind speeds and wave heights that influence the response. The influence of changes in model parameters on overall response is also studied. / text

這是關於成功的海外財務中心的決定因素 / This is a thesis about The Determinants of a Successful Offshore Finance Center

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