The oil circuit of a jet engine is required to lubricate and cool mechanical parts. The oil is pumped from the oil tank and flows through heat exchangers. Then it is injected on the bearings for lubrication and cooling, before being scavenged at the bottom of the sumps and finally flows back to the oil tank. During flight, the volume of oil inside the tank fluctuates depending on many parameters like the engine rotation speed and the oil temperature to name but a few. The flow inside the sumps is diphasic with oil and air mixing up. The physical phenomena taking place in the oil circuit are complex and understanding them is essential to size an oil circuit for a new engine design. Mass is a critical factor in aviation and being able to design accordingly an oil circuit is a valuable asset.This work focuses on improving a 1D model predicting the evolution of the oil level in the tank. The model relies on the geometry of the engine, the architecture of the oil circuit and real flight data provided by the airline companies. This data contains flight parameters such as engine rotation speed, oil temperature and pressure. The prediction is then compared with the real volume of oil in the tank measured during the flight. The model is compared to experimental data to access its accuracy. Finally, the model is adapted to three different engines produces by Safran to test its robustness to geometry changes. / Oljekrets behövs i en jetmotor i syfte att smörja och kyla dess inre mekaniska komponenter. Oljan som pumpas från reservoaren passerar igenom värmeväxlare. Oljan injiceras sedan på kullagren som kräver kontinuerlig smörjning och kylning innan den når sitt slutförlopp i botten av tråget där den filtreras och dirigeras tillbaka till reservoaren. Oljevolymen i reservoaren varierar under färd, och är beroende av parametrar som motorns rotationshastighet, oljetemperatur och med mera. Flödet i tråget är tvåfasisk där olja och luft blandas samman. De fysiska fenomenen som inträffar i oljekretsen är komplexa och förståelse för dessa är essentiell för att kunna dimensionera kretsen för en ny motordesign. Då massa är en viktig aspekt inom flygindustrin så är det ideellt att kunna dimensionera och designa en oljekrets utefter ett givet masskriterium.Detta arbete fokuserar på att förbättra en endimensionell modell som predicerar den periodiska variansen i oljenivån i reservoaren. Modellen beror av motorgeometrin, oljekretsens struktur och realtidsflygdata givna från fåtals flygbolag. Dessa data innehåller flygparametrar såsom motorns rotationshastighet, oljetemperatur och oljetryck. De predicerade beteenden jämfördes sedan med den faktiska oljevolymen i reservoaren uppmätt under färd. Som verifikation och överensstämmelse jämfördes modellen med experimentella data. Slutligen är denna modell anpassad efter tre motormodeller från Safran i syfte att testa dess robusthet med avseende på geometriska variationer.

Power dispersion within oil injected screw air compressors : The PhD-work shows the power dispersion within the oil- and air circuits of oil injected screw air compressors for the working pressures (Pd), where Pd has been tested for Pd ≤ 8,5 bar (a) and Pd ≤14,0 bar(a) respectively. The executed test runs with mineral oil have further confirmed the suppliers quoted performance data within stated tolerances. For comparison of the compressor performance with type of lubricant, the performance tests have been repeated with the four most common types of lubricants, which today are commercialised for screw air compressors. The selected lubricants hold the same cinematic viscosity (ISO VG 46), but the lubricants diverge in question of solubility of air and in formation of air bubbles during the compression cycle. These phenomenas confirm deviations in prevailing viscosity in the oil film and demonstrate that the performance data vary slightly with selected type of lubricant. The tests have proven that the air, which dissolve in the lubricant during the compression cycle will not degas during the resting period in the air/oil receiver, nor will the miniscule air bubbles degas due to their low ascending speed. This means that the content of dissolved air and air bubbles in the oil in the receiver becomes the most elevated within the system and where the temperature is the highest within the compressor cycle. Further is the resting period of the oil in the receiver extreme long in relation to the over all operating cycle of the oil. The conclusion is that the destruction (oxidation) of the oil is taking place in the oil/air receiver and nowhere else within the system. To counteract the oxidation and other destructive processes in the oil circuit « additives » are introduced in the oil. So are e.g. anti-oxide additives reducing the formation of peroxides and are by this reducing the oxidation velocity of the oil until the additives have been consumed. These additives are reducing the oxidation velocity of the lubricants, but will as well, due to the increased polarity caused by the additives, increase the content of dissolved water in the oil. However, this increased content of dissolved water is (strongly) reducing life of the roller bearings. The measured quantities of dissolved water in the lubricants (after the executed tests) have been compared with achieved bearing life from tests executed by others. The PhD work is finally summarizing that the only method to strongly reduce the destruction of the lubricant is to immediately separate off the oil from the compressed air at exit of the compressor. In addition, the today's « dumped » power in the oil cooler can be recovered to increase the available pneumatic power by some 25-30%. Assumingly, this increase in working temperature of the pneumatic air will, in addition increase the efficiency in applied pneumatic tools.