Darmstadt, Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2000.

No description available.

OBJETIVO: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 y su consumo en gestantes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Enero-Febrero 2016. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio de tipo observacional, con diseño descriptivo, prospectivo y de corte transversal, en el cual participaron 228 gestantes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal durante los meses de Enero y Febrero del 2016. La información fue procesada en el programa estadístico SPSS v.21. Las variables cuantitativas se estimaron mediante medidas de tendencia central (media) y medidas de dispersión (desviación estándar). Para las variables cualitativas se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y relativas (%). RESULTADOS: El nivel de conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 de las gestantes fue de “Alto” (2.2%), “Medio” (21.5%) y “Bajo” (76.3%). El 23.7% de las gestantes conoce alimentos de origen animal ricos en Omega 3 como el pescado, el 2.2% conoce como aceite rico en Omega 3 al aceite de oliva, el 1.3% conoce frutos secos ricos en Omega 3 como las pecanas y el 2.2% conoce semillas como el ajonjolí y chía. Respecto a los beneficios, el 11.4% conoce un beneficio en el bebé como mejor desarrollo cerebral; sin embargo, ninguna gestante conoce algún beneficio en la madre. La fuente de mayor información sobre el Omega 3 fue la publicidad en televisión (31.5%), seguido por la información proporcionada por los familiares (27.8%). El deseo de recibir mayor información sobre el Omega 3 en las gestantes fue de 77.6%. En cuanto a la frecuencia de consumo, el 96.1%, 83.3% y el 82.9% refirieron nunca haber consumido ajonjolí, nueces y aceite de oliva respectivamente. Pero, el 36.9% consumió conserva de pescado 1 vez por semana, el 33.3% consumió pescado 2 veces a la semana, el 25.4% consumió quinua 3 veces a la semana. El 96.1% de las gestantes no han consumido ningún suplemento de Omega 3. La ingesta dietética promedio de Omega 3 fue de 0.79 ± 0.62 gr/día. La cantidad de ingesta dietética de Omega 3 fue “Deficiente” en el 50% de las gestantes. CONCLUSIÓN: El nivel de conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 de las gestantes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal es “Bajo” (76.3%). La cantidad de ingesta dietética de Omega 3 fue “Deficiente” en el 50% de las gestantes. PALABRAS CLAVES: gestante, consumo y conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 / --- OBJECTIVE: To determinate the level of knowledge about Omega 3 and consumption in pregnant women treated at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, January-February 2016. METHODOLOGY: Study observational, descriptive design, prospective and crosssectional, which involved 228 pregnant women served by the National Maternal Perinatal Institute during the months of January to February 2016. The information was processed in SPSS v.21. Quantitative variables were estimated using measures of central tendency (mean) and dispersion measures (standard deviation). For qualitative variables, absolute and relative frequencies (%) they were calculated. RESULTS: The level of knowledge pregnant women about the Omega 3 was "High" (2.2%), "Medium" (21.5%) and "Low" (76.3%). 23.7% of pregnant women known foods rich animal origin in Omega 3 such as fish, 2.2% called oil rich in Omega 3 olive oil, 1.3% know nuts rich in Omega 3 as pecans and 2.2 % known as sesame seeds and chia. Regarding benefits, 11.4% knows a profit on the baby as better brain development; however, any pregnant woman knows some benefit in the mother. The source further information about Omega 3 was advertising on television (31.5%), followed by information provided by relatives (27.8%). The desire to receive more information about Omega 3 in pregnant women was 77.6%. As for the frequency of consumption, 96.1%, 83.3% and 82.9% reported never having used sesame seeds, nuts and olive oil respectively. But 36.9% canned fish consumed 1 to week, 33.3% ate fish 2 times a week, 25.4% consumed quinoa 3 times a week. 96.1% of pregnant women have not consumed any supplement Omega 3. The average dietary intake of Omega 3 was 0.79 ± 0.62 g/day. The amount of dietary intake of Omega 3 was "deficient" in 50% of pregnant women. CONCLUSION: The level of knowledge pregnant women about Omega 3 served by the National Maternal Perinatal Institute is "Low" (76.3%). The amount of dietary intake of Omega 3 was "deficient" in 50% of pregnant women. KEYWORDS: pregnant, consumption and knowledge about Omega 3

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. A cholesterol supplemented diet will increase ALA bioavailability. Conversely, drugs which inhibit intestinal cholesterol metabolism may also inhibit fatty acid absorption. Our study will determine if a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe, decreases circulating levels of ALA in humans. Patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups for a 6 weeks: 1) placebo; 2) ezetimibe therapy (10mg); 3) flaxseed oil (containing 1.0g ALA); or 4) ezetimibe and flaxseed oil supplementation. Flaxseed oil supplementation resulted in a significant increase in circulating ALA levels in patients who were not given ezetimibe. Ezetimibe significantly inhibited the ALA raising effects of flax oil. No significant differences in circulating lipids or cytokines between the treatments were observed. Thus, ezetimibe therapy inhibits the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids. Patients receiving ezetimibe therapy will not receive cardiovascular benefits from omega-3 fatty acids.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. A cholesterol supplemented diet will increase ALA bioavailability. Conversely, drugs which inhibit intestinal cholesterol metabolism may also inhibit fatty acid absorption. Our study will determine if a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe, decreases circulating levels of ALA in humans. Patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups for a 6 weeks: 1) placebo; 2) ezetimibe therapy (10mg); 3) flaxseed oil (containing 1.0g ALA); or 4) ezetimibe and flaxseed oil supplementation. Flaxseed oil supplementation resulted in a significant increase in circulating ALA levels in patients who were not given ezetimibe. Ezetimibe significantly inhibited the ALA raising effects of flax oil. No significant differences in circulating lipids or cytokines between the treatments were observed. Thus, ezetimibe therapy inhibits the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids. Patients receiving ezetimibe therapy will not receive cardiovascular benefits from omega-3 fatty acids.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-80).

Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2000--Darmstadt.

A series of experiments was conducted to test the overall hypothesis that reducing the omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid (FA) ratio in sow diets would improve sow reproductive performance (characterized by increases in numbers and body weight of piglets born alive and weaned) and would lessen the inflammatory responses of their offspring post weaning. Diets were wheat/barley based and consisted of a control (tallow based, similar to a standard production diet), 3 diets with plant oil based n-6:n-3 ratios (9:1P, 5:1P, and 1:1P) and a 5:1 fish oil diet (5:1F). The control diet had a ratio of 8:1, but contained approximately half the polyunsaturated FA content of the other diets. Sows were randomly assigned to a treatment diet on d 80 of gestation, and remained on that treatment for three consecutive reproductive cycles (gestation/lactation 1 = P1, gestation/lactation 2 = P2, gestation/lactation 3 = P3). Experiment 1 was designed to test the hypothesis that reducing the n-6:n-3 FA ratio in sow diets would increase circulating concentrations of n-3 FA’s in sows and in their offspring, and the passive immune status of piglets would be improved. Performance data was collected throughout P1 and P2 on 150 sows (n = 30/diet). Sow and piglet serum, colostrum and milk were analyzed for FA profiles, and colostrum and piglet serum were analyzed for immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG. In P1, birth weights were unaffected by diet (P > 0.05). Average piglet weaning weights (P = 0.02) and ADG (P = 0.01) however, were highest for piglets born to sows consuming the 9:1P and 5:1P diets. During P2, 5:1F sows consumed 10% less feed (P = 0.04), their piglets had reduced birth weights (P = 0.05), and average weaning weight was reduced by 0.8 kg (P = 0.04) relative to control or 5:1P sows. Colostral and piglet plasma IgA and IgG were unaffected by diet (P > 0.05). Colostrum FA profile patterns were similar to that of the sow diets. Serum n-3 FA’s were greatest in sows (P < 0.01) and piglets (P < 0.01) consuming 1:1P or 5:1F diets. Serum α-linolenic acid (ALA) was highest in the 1:1P sows and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were highest in the 5:1F sows. In piglet serum obtained prior to suckling, ALA and DHA did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05) but EPA was 2.5 times greater in the 1:1P group and 4 times greater in the fish group (P < 0.01) compared to those from the control diet. In post-suckle samples, ALA was highest in serum from 1:1P diet piglets (P < 0.01), and EPA and DHA were highest in piglet serum from the 5:1F sows (P < 0.01). Omega-3 FA’s can perturb lipid metabolism, specifically increasing the lipolytic activity of adipose tissue and thus the second experiment tested the hypothesis that high producing sows, consuming reduced n-6:n-3 ratios would have increased body fat mobilization. Twenty sows per diet, farrowing ≥ 11 piglets and nursing ≥ 10 piglets during P3, were used. Performance data on sows and piglets (such as weights, numbers, backfat changes) was collected throughout lactation and milk samples obtained on d 4 and d 16 of lactation. Jugular catheters were inserted into 8 sows from each of the 9:1P and 1:1P groups on d 5 of lactation and sows were challenged with a single injection of epinephrine followed by serial blood collections. Feed intake was highest for sows consuming the control (8.4 kg/d) and 5:1P (8.2 kg/d) diets and lowest for the sows fed the 1:1P (7.4 kg/d) and 5:1F (7.7 kg/d) diets (P = 0.05). Altering the n-6:n-3 FA ratio did not affect sow BW, piglet ADG, milk DM and N content or the total output of milk (P > 0.2). Sows consuming the 1:1P diet had greater backfat thickness (P < 0.05) and numerically higher plasma NEFA at baseline compared with the 9:1P sows (240 vs 93 uM; P = 0.16). When given epinephrine, 9:1P fed sows tended to have lower net incremental area under the curve (niAUC) glucose (P = 0.08) and numerically higher niAUC NEFA (P = 0.17) and glycerol (P = 0.15). A third experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that piglets raised by sows consuming reduced n-6:n-3 ratios would have reduced inflammatory responses post-weaning. Piglets (n = 20/diet) raised by sows consuming the treatment diets described above for 2 gestation/lactation cycles (P2) were selected at weaning. Within diet group, pigs were randomized to either a challenge control group (saline injected) or to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected group (n=10/challenge•diet-1). Piglets were fed a common starter diet for 6 days followed by saline or LPS injections on d 7. Rectal temperatures were recorded for 24 hrs and blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 6 and 12 hrs post injection for pro-inflammatory cytokine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) analysis. Injecting LPS caused decreased feed intake and reduced ADG (P < 0.01), and increased temperature and cytokine production (P < 0.05). Piglets raised by sows consuming the 1:1P diet had elevated temperatures (P = 0.01; diet x challenge P > 0.05). Overall, circulating plasma ALA and EPA were increased in sows and piglets when sows were fed a 1:1 plant based ratio compared to the control or high n-6:n-3 ratio groups. Sows fed a ratio of 1:1 mobilized more body fat relative to those consuming the 9:1 ratio; there were no treatment effects on piglet growth. Reducing maternal n-6:n-3 FA ratios below 5:1 increased piglet body temperature prior to and during an LPS induced inflammatory challenge,. Reducing the sow dietary n-6:n-3 FA ratio below 5:1 may have detrimental effects on piglets due to over-stimulation of inflammatory responses.

Zugl.: Hamburg, Hochsch. für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Diplomarbeit, 2004.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2009. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-111). Also available on the World Wide Web.