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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Parasitos apicomplexa de matrizes caprinas da ra?a Canind?, na esta??o experimental terras secas, Rio Grande do Norte

Silva, Alana Karina Miranda da 31 August 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-20T23:49:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlanaKarinaMirandaDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2248771 bytes, checksum: fa3f2de8391ad8509c18c1e3b35755b8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-02T23:24:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlanaKarinaMirandaDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2248771 bytes, checksum: fa3f2de8391ad8509c18c1e3b35755b8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-02T23:24:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlanaKarinaMirandaDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2248771 bytes, checksum: fa3f2de8391ad8509c18c1e3b35755b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A caprinocultura ? uma atividade amplamente explorada nos pa?ses tropicais e apresenta grande import?ncia social e econ?mica. A despeito disso, muitas doen?as afetam os caprinos dentre as quais, as parasitoses. Nesse contexto, alguns parasitos do filo Apicomplexa s?o de grande import?ncia, devido ?s altas preval?ncias, impacto sobre a produtividade e a reprodu??o dos animais, al?m do car?ter zoon?tico de algumas esp?cies. O objetivo desse trabalho foi monitorar as infec??es por Eimeria spp.,Criptosporidium spp.e Toxoplasma gondii em matrizes caprinas da ra?a Canind?, criadas em regime semi-intensivo, na Esta??o Experimental Terras Secas, Pedro Avelino, Rio Grande do Norte. As colheitas das amostras de fezes e de sangue foram realizadas no per?odo de agosto de 2010 a julho de 2011. Para monitorar a infec??o por Eimeria spp. foi realizada a contagem de oocistos por grama de fezes (OoPG) e a identifica??o das esp?cies com base em par?metros morfol?gicos e morfom?tricos dos oocistos esporulados. A infec??o por Cryptosporidium spp. foi verificada pela pesquisa de oocistos em esfrega?os fecais corados pela t?cnica de Zielh-Neelsen modificado. Para monitorar as infec??es por T. gondii foi realizado o teste ELISA convencional e de avidez. A an?lise estatistica para a correla??o entre a m?dia de elimina??o de oocistos e a intensidade de chuvas foi verificada atrav?s do teste t para os coeficientes de regress?o. E para a correla??o entre a elimina??o de oocistos e o estado reprodutivo das matrizes, foi feito uma analise de vari?ncia. As an?lises estat?sticas foram feitas utilizando o programa R Core Team, vers?o 2015, admitindo-se n?vel de signific?ncia de 0,05%. Os oocistos de Eimeria foram detectados em 85,24% das amostras de fezes. Foram identificadas nove esp?cies de Eimeria: E. alijevi, E. arloingi, E. apsheronica, E. caprovina, E. christenseni, E. hirci, E. joechijevi, E. ninakohlyakimovae e E. caprina. A intensidade da precipita??o mostrou rela??o com a elimina??o de oocistos. Nos meses em que a intensidade pluviom?trica foi superior a 100 mm houve maior elimina??o de oocistos nas fezes (p=0,00). As matrizes gestantes e paridas eliminaram mais oocistos de Eimeria do que as secas, sendo essa diferen?a estatisticamente significante (p=0,00). Dos 405 esfrega?os fecais examinados, nove apresentaram oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp., representando 2,20% das amostras; sendo os oocistos presentes em uma amostra colhida em agosto, uma em janeiro, tr?s em fevereiro, tr?s em mar?o e uma em junho. Das 215 amostras de soro testadas pelo teste ELISA, 93 (43,26%) foram consideradas reativas para T.gondii. A maior taxa de reatividade foi verificada no m?s de julho de 2011 (94,10%). Nas amostras consideradas reativas, foi realizado o teste ELISA de avidez de anticorpos das quais 65 (69,90%) apresentaram anticorpos de alta avidez, indicativo de infec??o cr?nica e 28 (30,10%) apresentaram anticorpos de baixa avidez, indicativo de infec??o aguda. A infec??o por Eimeria spp. se constitui um problema para o rebanho j? que as cinco esp?cies consideradas patog?nicas para caprinos foram observadas com alta preval?ncia, ao longo de todo o per?odo do estudo. A infec??o por Cryptosporidium spp. apresenta baixo risco, mas este ? cont?nuo, j? que a elimina??o de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. ocorreu em diversos momentos ao longo de tempo do estudo. O risco de transmiss?o vertical de T. gondii pode ser considerado alto, j? que aproximadamente um ter?o dessas matrizes estava na fase aguda da infec??o. / The goat production is a widely exploited activity in tropical countries and has great social and economic importance. Despite this, many diseases affect goats among which, parasitosis. In this context, some parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa are of great importance, due to high prevalence, impact on productivity and reproduction of animals, in addition to zoonotic's characteristics of some species. The aim of this study was to monitor the infections by Eimeria spp., Cryptosporidium spp.e Toxoplasma gondii in goats matrices of Canind? breed, raised in semi-intensive regime at the Experimental Station Terras Secas, Pedro Avelino, Rio Grande do Norte. Crops of stool samples and blood were carried out from August 2010 to July 2011. To monitor Eimeria spp. Infection it was realized the oocyst count per gram of feces (OoPG) and the identification of species based on morphological and morphometric parameters of sporulated oocysts. The infection by Cryptosporidium spp. was verified by oocyst's search in fecal smears stained with modified Zielh- Neelsen technique. To monitor infection by T. gondii was performed the conventional ELISA and avidity. The statistical analysis of the correlation between the average oocysts disposal and intensity of rainfall was verified by the t test for the regression coefficients. And the correlation between the oocysts shedding and reproductive status of matrices, it was made an analysis of variance. Statistical analyzes were performed using the R Core Team program, version 2015, assuming a significance level of 0.05%. Eimeria oocysts were detected in 85.24% of feces samples. Nine species of Eimeria have been identified: E. alijevi, E. arloingi, E. apsheronica, and. caprovina, E. christenseni, E. hirci, E. joechijevi, E. Ninakohlyakimovae e, E. caprina. The intensity of rainfall is related to the elimination of oocysts in the months in which the rainfall intensity was greater than 100 mm there was a greater elimination of oocysts in the feces (p = 0.00). Pregnant and calved matrices tend to eliminate more oocysts of Eimeria than dry, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.00). Of 405 fecal smears examined, nine were Cryptosporidium spp, representing 2.20% of the samples.; being the oocysts present in a sample taken in August, one in January, three in February, three in March and one in June. Of the 215 serum samples tested by ELISA, 93 (43.26%) were considered reactive to T. gondii. The greater reactivity rate was observed in July 2011 (94.10%). In the samples considered reactive, it was performed the ELISA test of antibody avidity of which 65 (69.90%) had high avidity antibodies, indicative of chronic infection and 28 (30.10%) had low avidity, indicative of acute infection. The infection by Eimeria spp. constitutes a problem for the flock since the five considered pathogenic species for goats were observed with high prevalence throughout the study period. The infection by Cryptosporidium spp. a low risk, but this is continuous, since the elimination of Cryptosporidium spp. It occurred at several points over the study time. The risk of vertical transmission of T. gondii can be considered high, since approximately one third of matrices were in the acute phase of infection.
2

Eimeria sppem bovinos no estado de goiás e avaliação do uso de lasalocida sódica via creep-feeding no controle deste coccídio em bezerros / Eimeria sppemin in cattle in the state of Goiás and evaluation of the use of sodic lasalocid in creep-feeding to control this coccidian in calves

Cruvinel, Leonardo Bueno 09 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-03-30T10:16:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel - 2017.pdf: 2514957 bytes, checksum: 60f4d325bb700ebe116fa522d502c88d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-03-31T10:29:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel - 2017.pdf: 2514957 bytes, checksum: 60f4d325bb700ebe116fa522d502c88d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-31T10:29:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel - 2017.pdf: 2514957 bytes, checksum: 60f4d325bb700ebe116fa522d502c88d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Parasitic diseases associated with cattle are responsible for losses in beef and dairy livestock. Among those diseases eimeriosis stands out, whose agents are protozoans from the phylum Apicomplexa, class Coccidia and genus Eimeria. It impacts the production systems mostly in its subclinical form, responsible for considerable reductions in the zootechnical performance of the animals. This research aimed to determinate the frequency of the parasitism of Eimeria species in different categories in the beef and dairy livestock in the state of Goiás and evaluate the efficacy of sodic lasalocid against Eimeria spp. in calves, allied to the analysis of the ponderal development of treated animals and the analysis of some epidemiological factors able to interfere in the infection. To analyze the levels of the infection, naturally infected animals were evaluated. The amount of oocysts from the parasite in fecal samples were expressed in oocyst per gram of feces (OoPG) and the species differentiation were conducted by microscope with computerized system LAS LEICA®, considering the agents phenotypical characteristics. / As doenças parasitárias associadas aos bovinos são responsáveis por grandes prejuízos às pecuárias de corte e leiteira. Dentre estas doenças destaca-se a eimeriose, cujos agentes são protozoários pertencentes ao filo Apicomplexa, classe Coccidia e gênero Eimeria. Esta impacta os sistemas de produção principalmente na forma subclínica, responsável por reduções consideráveis no desempenho zootécnico dos animais. A presente pesquisa visou determinar a frequência do parasitismo das espécies de Eimeria spp. em diferentes categorias pertencentes aos rebanhos bovinos de corte e leiteiro no estado de Goiás e também avaliar a eficácia do uso da lasalocida sódica contra espécies de Eimeria spp. parasitando bezerros, aliada à análise do desenvolvimento ponderal dos animais submetidos ao tratamento e ainda analisar alguns fatores epidemiológicos capazes de interferir na infecção. Com o intuito de analisar a variação dos níveis de infecção, foram avaliados animais naturalmente infectados. A quantidade de oocistos do parasito presentes nas amostras fecais foi expressa em oocistos por grama (OoPG) de fezes e a diferenciação das espécies conduzida com auxílio de um microscópio de luz com sistema computadorizado LAS Leica®, considerando-se as características fenotípicas dos agentes.

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