Master of Science / Department of Entomology / Thomas W. Phillips / The rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae), is a very common worldwide pest of stored grains. The orientation of C. ferrugineus beetles to various semiochemicals was studied in both the laboratory and field. In laboratory experiments glass two-choice pitfall bioassay dishes were used. Mixed-sex populations of beetles responded positively and significantly to cucujolide I and II separately and in combination compared to controls. Bioassays using the two aggregation pheromones of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Dominicalure 1 and 2 together elicited unexpected significant attractive responses by C. ferrugineus as did assays with the synthetic pheromones from other species. Bioassays showed that C. ferrugineus were not attracted to either corn meal or rolled oats, but they were attracted to commercial grain-based lures and also to ethanol, a natural fermentation product from grains. Several bioassays were conducted to test the attractiveness of naturally produced beetle volatiles to C. ferrugineus, but these showed no orientation to volatiles from either the beetles or their food only. Field tests were conducted in Kansas to test attractiveness of the synthetic pheromones cucujolide I and II in lures together with wheat versus wheat only as a control using Lindgren funnel traps. Field tests in 2014 with cucujolide II pheromone lures showed a significant response by feral C. ferrugineus when tested against wheat. Other field tests to examine dispersal of C. ferrugineus relative to grain storages showed that more C. ferrugineus were caught on the western side of grain bins compared to other cardinal directions at two different locations. Results from field and laboratory studies suggest that semiochemical-based tools can be developed to study dispersal behavior in field populations of C. ferrugineus.

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Thesis (MTech(Education in the School ofTeachers Education)) --Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1996 / Students today fuce increasing demands and challenges. This has important implications for education and its relevance in a rapidly changing world. It is against this background that the problem ofsuccess or failure at tertiary level, especially in the first year of study, is particularly significant as is evident from increased interest in and research undertaken into the factors and determinants involved in success or failure. Two variables that have received considerable attention in recent studies are (1) approaches to studying and (2) locus of control. They have been investigated both as independent factors and as part of a cluster of factors, but the relationship between these two variables has not yet been explored within the technikon context. In terms of students' approaches to studying there are two important schools of thought. One model (Entwistle & Ramsden, 1983) focuses on qualitative differences between the different categories ofapproaches to studying. In terms ofthis model students are classified as either using a reproducing/surface, a meaningldeep or an achieving/strategic approach. The 'Qualitative Individual Differences' model (Meyer, Parsons & Dunne, 1990a; 1990b), emphasises the qualitative individual differences in terms ofstudents' approaches to studying. This model defines the concept ofstudy orchestration as the contextualised study approach individual or groups of students adopt. The term orchestration captures the unique nature of individual approaches to studying viewed as a qualitative responsive approach to a qualitatively perceived educational context. The first model therefore views approaches to studying mainly from the point ofview of categorical differences, whereas the second focuses on qualitative individual (across and within categories) differences. In this study students' approaches to studying were measured by the Extended Approaches to Studying Inventory (EASI), a variation on the original Approaches to Studying Inventory (ASI) developed by Entwistle & Ramsden (1983)

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Abstract Minor and major forms of depression are the most common mental disorders seen in primary health care. The number of disability pensions granted for major depression multiplied in Finland during the years 1987 and 1995. Over half of the client visits in health care centres are conducted by nurses. In most cases, practice nurses, health visitors, midwifes and school nurses are the first contact the patient or client has in a primary health care. However, there is no published literature in Finland concerning the role of primary care nurses in the recognition and treatment of depression. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyse the notions of primary care nurses concerning the recognition and treatment of depression in primary health care. The first phase of the study was part of a primary health care depression project organized by the National Research and Development Center for Welfare and Health (STAKES). The data was collected with three questionnaires from the nurses in four health care centers (n = 281). The data were partly compared with the data from 58 doctors working in same health care centres. The intervention was a three-day training program on depression held in four health care centres. The first questionnair was filled by 68 % of the nurses, the second by 48% of the nurses and the third by 30% of the nurses. In the second phase of the study 13 nurses from five health care centres were interviewed. The interview material was analysed using a phenomenographic method. The most essential themes in the study were: Prevalence and recognition of depression in primary health care patients, symptoms of depression, abilities and resources of nurses and their co-workers in treating depressive patients, management of depression, multiprofessional co-operation and nurses personal experiences of depression. The nurses felt that depression is most common in the working aged population and the frequent attenders, but most difficult to recognize in children and elderly people. The most essential symptoms they mentioned were sleeping disturbances, thoughts of death, sadness,lack of pleasure and physical symptoms. In the nurses opinion, the most common reasons for depression were concrete or emotional losses and the female predisposition to depressiveness. They found it very difficult to arrange psychotherapy for their depressive patients and to get the patients families involved in the treatment. All of the interviewed nurses considered the doctors are too busy and drug-centred in their management of depression but yet doctors were the most important co-workers for nurses. After the training program the nurses opinions of the possibilities to treat depressive patients in health centres were more positive than before the training-program. On the basis of the notions of the interviewed nurses five different treatment orientations emerged. The treatment orientations reflect different attitudes in the willingness to treat depressive patients and to ask direct questions with psychological content, in assessing one's own ability to treat depressive patients and in assessing one's own tendency to get depressed. All of the interviewed nurses felt it their duty to help depressive patients, but most of them mentioned a lack of time, a lack of confidence in one's own abilities and a fear of responsibility as restraints to do more in helping depressive people. Nursing education should give more practical and theoretical knowledge and encouragement in the recognition and treatment of mental disorders, especially mild mood disorders. The multiprofessional co-operation and intervention models in in the treatment of depressive disorders at the primary health care level should be improved and the possibilities to preventive work increased. Preventive interventions should also include the recognition of nurses exhaustion before it develops into depression.

Abstract This thesis examines and evaluates the Object-Oriented Client/Server (OOCS) model, a process model that can be used when IT organizations develop object-oriented client/server applications. In particular, it defines the roles in the development team and combines them into the process model. Furthermore, the model focuses on the client/server architecture, considering it explicitly. The model has been under construction for several years and it has been tested in a number of industrial projects. Feedback from practice has thus been an important source when the model has been evolving into its current form. Another source for evolution has been other process models and technical progress in this field. This thesis reveals the theoretical and practical aspects that have influenced the model's characteristics and developmnt. The object-oriented paradigm has been the driving force when creating the OOCS model. The first object-oriented development models were, however, both inadequate and contradictory to each other. The OOCS model utilizes the best practices from these early models. The model also defines artifacts to be delivered in each phase. The artifacts are synchronized with the Unified Modeling Language (UML), a new standard modeling notation. From the very beginning the OOCS model has included a strong client/server viewpoint, which is not stated so clearly in other object-oriented models. A three-tier division of the application (presentation, business logic, data management) can be found in each phase. This division has become crucial in recent years, when applications have been built on distributed architecture. The team-based roles included in the model are based on the work of a few other researchers, although this topic has not gained the importance it should have had. Namely, it is people that develop the application and their involvement in the process should be stated explicitly. The roles of the developers are closely connected to the OOCS process model via the concept of activities included in the model. The roles concentrate mainly on project members, but company-level aspects have also been considered. This thesis summarizes the work carried out in the last five years. It shows how the model has evolved in practice and how other models have contributed to it. The team-based OOCS model is in use in some IT organizations. The cases presented in this thesis illustrate how to adapt the model into specific organizational needs.

This study was a descriptive analysis of the orientation program for a large junior college in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. Its purposes were (1) to describe the freshman orientation course, (2) to analyze data compiled from rating forms which recorded student perceptions of each aspect of the course, and (3) to discuss the implications of the data for junior college student service personnel as they attempt to establish programs that will effectively aid students in making a successful adjustment to college.

Title: What impact does social changes have on shareholder value orientation in Swedish companies? Background: Shareholder value orientation has been a part of American corporate governance since the early 1900s and has spread over time to Europe and Sweden. The approach has always been synonymous with criticism. Mainly about its focus on the owners, which has led to a various of stakeholders in the society, such as company employees, get set aside. Purpose: The purpose of our paper is to explain with a focus on social aspects whether a shareholder-oriented approach has emerged in Sweden. Method: The essay uses a deductive research approach to explain the spread of shareholder value orientation. In addition to this, a quantitative research method is used to investigate data on employees, salary, investment and dividend in Swedish companies for the years 1990, 2000 and 2010. Conclusions: The results showed that a shareholder-oriented approach has developed in Swedish listed companies during the period of 1990-2010. The result also showed that neither the social events which were expected to spread the view, nor a reduced corporate tax, significantly contributed to shareholder value orientation in the Swedish listed companies. / Titel: Vilken påverkan har samhällsförändringar på aktieägarvärdeorientering i svenska företag? Problembakgrund: Aktieägarvärdeorientering har varit en del av amerikansk bolagsstyrning sedan tidigt 1900-tal och har över tid spridits till Europa och Sverige. Synsättet har ständigt varit synonymt med kritik. Framförallt kring dess fokusering på ägarna vilket har lett till att andra intressenter i samhället, så som företagets anställda, fått stå åt sidan. Syfte: Syftet med vår uppsats är att med fokus på samhällsaspekter förklara om ett aktieägarvärdeorienterat synsätt har växt fram i Sverige. Metod: Uppsatsen använder sig av en deduktiv forskningsansats för att förklara spridningen av aktieägarvärdeorientering. Utöver detta används en kvantitativ forskningsmetod för att undersöka data om anställda, löner, investeringar och utdelning i svenska företag för åren 1990, 2000 och 2010. Slutsats: Resultat som framgick var att ett aktieägarvärdeorienterat synsätt växt fram i de svenska börsnoterade bolagen under perioden 1990-2010. Det framkommer även att varken de samhällshändelser som förväntades sprida synsättet, eller en minskad bolagsskatt, bidrog i någon större uträckning till aktieägarvärdeorientering i de svenska börsnoterade bolagen.

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Much published work has pointed to the need for the development of a sound operational definition of sexual orientation in order to enable the research in this area to progress. To contribute to this process the current research set out to develop two measures of sexual orientation and examine their psychometric properties. In order to develop relevant tools historical, conceptual and operational definitions of sexual orientation were critically examined and standard questionnaire development techniques applied. The first scale consisted of 32 items and was administered to a total of 835 adolescents, comprising three sub-groups (189 Grade 11 Scholars, 547 First Year and 99 Third Year Psychology Students). A Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.85 was calculated indicating that this instrument had very good internal consistency reliability. Similar factors emerged in each of the sample sub-groups when factor analyses were performed suggesting that this instrument has good external and construct validities. These factors each had respectable Cronbach alpha coefficients indicating their own internal consistency. The four factors which consistently emerged were Same Sex Responsiveness, Opposite Sex Responsiveness, Previous Month’s Same Sex Responsiveness and Previous Month’s Opposite Sex Responsiveness. The second scale consisted of 16 items and was administered to 646 adolescents, comprising the latter two sub-groups referred to above. A Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.82 was calculated indicating that this instrument also had very good internal consistency reliability. Once again similar factors with generally good internal consistency emerged in factor analysis suggesting that this too was a valid instrument. The factors that emerged from the second scale were Same Sex Responsiveness, Unattractive Opposite Sex Responsiveness, Attractive Opposite Sex Responsiveness and Attraction. Future developments, adjustments and applications of the instruments as well as implications for the arena of sexual orientation research are discussed. In the light of the dearth of information with regard to the sexual orientations of South African adolescents the current study also briefly explored and presented the sample’s responses in terms of the dimensions of each questionnaire as well as how each emerging factor related to the demographics (education level, gender, sexual orientation self-label and age) of the sample.