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by Paul, Liu Po Lung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-94). / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.ii / "LIST OF TABLE, FIGURE & PHOTO" --- p.viii / ABSTRACT --- p.x / Chapter CHAPTER ONE : --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzyme --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- The Properties of Alkaline Phosphatases --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Serum Alkaline Phosphatases --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Placental Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.4 --- Skeletal Alkalne Phosphatase --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.3.5 --- Hepatic Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.3.3 --- Renal Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.3.6 --- Miscellaneous Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Problems in Discriminating the Skeletal and Hepatic Alkaline Phosphatase in Serum --- p.11 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Quantitative measure of the Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Qualitative Detection of ALP isoenzymes --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2 --- OSTEOSARCOMA --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Definition --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Epidemiology and Statistics --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Clinical Presentation --- p.18 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Radiographic finding --- p.19 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Staging of Musculoskeletal Neoplasms --- p.20 / Chapter 1.2.6 --- Treatment of osteosarcoma --- p.21 / Chapter 1.2.6.1. --- Chemotherapy in Prince of Wales Hospital --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3 --- PLASMA AND TISSUE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC CONDITION --- p.23 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Normal values of plasma alkaline phosphatase --- p.23 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Clinical use of elevated plasma & tissue alkaline phosphatase level in neoplastic conditions --- p.25 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Helping the Diagnosis of the Osteosarcoma --- p.25 / Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Monitoring the effect of chemotherapy --- p.26 / Chapter 1.3.2.3 --- Predicting the clinical course --- p.26 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Qualitative measurement of ALP in plasma and tissue extract of osteosarcoma patient --- p.29 / Chapter 1.4 --- AIM AND SCOPE OF THE PRESENT DISSERATION --- p.30 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO : --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1 --- DIFERENT GROUPS OF PATIENTS --- p.33 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Monitering the plasma bone specific ALP --- p.33 / Chapter 2.1.1.1 --- Osteosarcoma group --- p.33 / Chapter 2.1.1.2 --- Benign bone tumour group --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1.1.3 --- Metastasis group --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Collection of plasma samples preserve of tumor tissue --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2 --- QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PLASMA AND TISSUE BONE SPECIFIC ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Extraction of tissue ALP --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.1.1. --- Reagent --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.1.2. --- Homogenization of the bone tissue --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.1.3. --- Extraction of ALP --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Assay for Bone-specific ALP --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.2.1. --- Reagents --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.2.2. --- Procedures --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3 --- QUALITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF ALP ISOENZYME --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Equipment required --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Practical procedure --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Gel casting --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Sample preparation and application --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.3.3 --- Electrofocusing --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.3.4 --- Western blotting of the protein --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3.3.5 --- Detection methods --- p.45 / Chapter 2.4 --- METHOD OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS --- p.48 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE : --- RESULTS --- p.49 / Chapter 3.1 --- QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF PLASMA AND TISSUE BONE SPECIFIC ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- General Information of the patients monitoring --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Pretreatment evaluation --- p.52 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Correlation between the pretreatment plasma ALP levels and prognosis in the osteosarcoma patient group --- p.57 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- "Correlation between the pre-operational, post- operational plasma ALP levels and the prognosis of osteosarcoma" --- p.59 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Analysis of plasma ALP levels at the time of relapse in osteosarcoma patients --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Usefulness of the plasma ALP levels for monitoring the effectiveness of chemotherapy --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1.7 --- Correlation between the ALP levels in the tumor extract and the prognosis of the osteosarcoma --- p.64 / Chapter 3.2 --- QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PLASMA AND TISSUE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE LEVEL --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Comparison of the result of Isoelectric focusing of the plasma ALP of the osteosarcoma patients and the normal subjects --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Result of Isoelectric focusing of the ALP isoenzymes in the tissue extract of the osteosarcoma and normal bone --- p.70 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR : --- DISCUSSION --- p.72 / Chapter 4.1 --- USE OF QUANTITATIVE MONITORING OF PLASMA ALP AND MEASURING TISSUE ALP IN OSTEOSARCOMA PATIENTS --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2 --- ISOELECTRIC FORCUSING AS A TECNIQUE FOR QUALITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF PLASMA AND TISSUE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE --- p.80 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE : --- CONCLUSION --- p.83 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX : --- BIBILOGRAPHY --- p.85