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Predictors of cardiopulmonary arrest outcome in a comprehensive cancer center intensive care unitKhasawneh, Faisal, Kamel, Mahmoud, Abu-Zaid, Mohammad January 2013 (has links)
BACKGROUND:Some comprehensive cancer centers in industrialized countries have reported improved outcomes in their cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) patients. Little is known about the outcomes and predictors of CPA in cancer centers in other parts of the world. The objective of this study was to examine the predictors of CPA outcome in a comprehensive cancer center closed medical-surgical intensive care unit (ICU) located in Amman, Jordan.METHODS:In this retrospective single-center cohort study, we identified 104 patients who had a CPA during their stay in the ICU between 1/1/2008 and 6/30/2009. Demographic data and CPA-related variables and outcome were extracted from medical records. Comparisons between different variables and CPA outcome were conducted using logistic regression.RESULTS:The mean age of the group was 49.7+/-15.3years. The mean APACHE II score was 23.7+/-8.0. Thirty six patients (34.6%) were resuscitated successfully but 8 of them (7.7% of the cohort) left the ICU alive and only 6 out of the 8 (5.8% of the cohort) left the hospital alive. The following variables predict resuscitation failure: acute kidney injury (OR 1.7, CI: 1.1 - 2.6), being on mechanical ventilation (OR 3.8, CI: 1.3 - 11), refractory shock (OR 4.7, CI: 1.8 - 12) and CPR duration (OR 1.1, CI: 1.1 - 1.2).CONCLUSION:Survival among cancer patients who develop CPA in the ICU continues to be poor. Once cancer patients suffered a CPA in the ICU multiple factors predicted resuscitation failure but CPR duration was the only factor that predicted resuscitation failure and ICU as well as hospital mortality.
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Nutukimo chirurginis gydymas naudojant skirtingas skrandį apjuosiančias reguliuojamas juostas: perspektyviojo atsitiktinės atrankos imčių biomedicininio tyrimo rezultatai / Bariatric Surgery Using Different Adjustable Gastric Bands: the Results of Prospective Randomised StudyAbalikšta, Tomas 22 November 2011 (has links)
Šiuo metu Pasaulyje skrandžio apjuosimo reguliuojama juosta operacijos sudaro apie 43 % visų chirurginių operacijų, atliekamų nutukimui gydyti. Iki šiol nėra pilnai ištirta operacijoje naudojamų skrandį apjuosiančių reguliuojamų juostų konstrukcijos skirtumų įtaka gydymo rezultatams, taip pat nėra priimtų pacientų atrankos šiai operacijai kriterijų. Disertacijoje palyginome vienerių metų nutukimo chirurginio gydymo rezultatus naudojant skirtingas skrandį apjuosiančias reguliuojamas juostas – SAGB ir MiniMizer Extra. Nustatėme, kad skrandžio apjuosimo reguliuojama juosta operacija yra efektyvus ir saugus nutukimo gydymo būdas: vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas buvo 33,1 ± 21,9%; vertinant pagal BAROS, 34.1% pacientų pasiekė patenkinamą, 30,6% - gerą, 9,4% – labai gerą ir 2,4% – puikų gydymo rezultatą; pasitaikė 5 (4,9%) „didžiosios” komplikacijos. Esminių skirtumų tarp lygintų juostų efektyvumo ir komplikacijų skaičiaus po vienerių metų po operacijos nenustatyta: vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas SAGB ir MiniMizer Extra grupėse buvo atitinkamai 28,9 ± 21,3% ir 36,8 ± 22.1%, p=0.075, o „didžiųjų” komplikacijų skaičius atitinkamai 0 (0%) ir 5 (9.3%), p=0.069. 40 metų ir vyresni pacientai geresnių rezultatų pasiekė naudojant MiniMizer Extra juostą - vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas buvo 37,5 ± 20,8% prieš 23,6 ± 13,8 % SAGB grupėje, p=0.002. Pacientai, kurių pradinis KMI ≤ 47, geresnių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / It has been estimated that LAGB represents about 42% of bariatric operations performed worldwide. There are a number of different adjustable gastric bands available. Few attempts have been made to compare the influence of band design differences for efficiency and complication rate. There are no accepted criteria for choosing this particular operation. In the dissertation we compared one year results after adjustable gastric banding using different adjustable gastric bands – SAGB and MiniMizer Extra. We have determined that laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding is effective and safe bariatric procedure: the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss was 33,1 ± 21,9%; 34.1% of patients achieved fair, 30,6% - good, 9,4% - very good and 2,4% - excellent results according to BAROS; only 5 (4,9%) major complications were diagnosed. No radical differences were stated between the efficiency and complication rate of the compared adjustable gastric bands: the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss in SAGB and MiniMizer Extra groups was 28,9 ± 21,3% and 36,8 ± 22.1% respectively, p=0.075; major complication rate was 0 (0%) and 5 (9.3%) respectively, p=0.069. Patients at the age of 40 and older achieved better results using MiniMizer Extra band - the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss was 37,5 ± 20,8% versus 23,6 ± 13,8% in SAGB group, p=0.002. Patients with initial BMI ≤ 47 achieved better results using MiniMizer Extra band... [to full text]
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Bariatric Surgery Using Different Adjustable Gastric Bands: the Results of Prospective Randomised Study / Nutukimo chirurginis gydymas naudojant skirtingas skrandį apjuosiančias reguliuojamas juostas: perspektyviojo atsitiktinės atrankos imčių biomedicininio tyrimo rezultataiAbalikšta, Tomas 22 November 2011 (has links)
It has been estimated that LAGB represents about 42% of bariatric operations performed worldwide. There are a number of different adjustable gastric bands available. Few attempts have been made to compare the influence of band design differences for efficiency and complication rate. There are no accepted criteria for choosing this particular operation. In the dissertation we compared one year results after adjustable gastric banding using different adjustable gastric bands – SAGB and MiniMizer Extra. We have determined that laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding is effective and safe bariatric procedure: the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss was 33,1 ± 21,9%; 34.1% of patients achieved fair, 30,6% - good, 9,4% - very good and 2,4% - excellent results according to BAROS; only 5 (4,9%) major complications were diagnosed. No radical differences were stated between the efficiency and complication rate of the compared adjustable gastric bands: the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss in SAGB and MiniMizer Extra groups was 28,9 ± 21,3% and 36,8 ± 22.1% respectively, p=0.075; major complication rate was 0 (0%) and 5 (9.3%) respectively, p=0.069. Patients at the age of 40 and older achieved better results using MiniMizer Extra band - the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss was 37,5 ± 20,8% versus 23,6 ± 13,8% in SAGB group, p=0.002. Patients with initial BMI ≤ 47 achieved better results using MiniMizer Extra band... [to full text] / Šiuo metu Pasaulyje skrandžio apjuosimo reguliuojama juosta operacijos sudaro apie 43 % visų chirurginių operacijų, atliekamų nutukimui gydyti. Iki šiol nėra pilnai ištirta operacijoje naudojamų skrandį apjuosiančių reguliuojamų juostų konstrukcijos skirtumų įtaka gydymo rezultatams, taip pat nėra priimtų pacientų atrankos šiai operacijai kriterijų. Disertacijoje palyginome vienerių metų nutukimo chirurginio gydymo rezultatus naudojant skirtingas skrandį apjuosiančias reguliuojamas juostas – SAGB ir MiniMizer Extra. Nustatėme, kad skrandžio apjuosimo reguliuojama juosta operacija yra efektyvus ir saugus nutukimo gydymo būdas: vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas buvo 33,1 ± 21,9%; vertinant pagal BAROS, 34.1% pacientų pasiekė patenkinamą, 30,6% - gerą, 9,4% – labai gerą ir 2,4% – puikų gydymo rezultatą; pasitaikė 5 (4,9%) „didžiosios” komplikacijos. Esminių skirtumų tarp lygintų juostų efektyvumo ir komplikacijų skaičiaus po vienerių metų po operacijos nenustatyta: vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas SAGB ir MiniMizer Extra grupėse buvo atitinkamai 28,9 ± 21,3% ir 36,8 ± 22.1%, p=0.075, o „didžiųjų” komplikacijų skaičius atitinkamai 0 (0%) ir 5 (9.3%), p=0.069. 40 metų ir vyresni pacientai geresnių rezultatų pasiekė naudojant MiniMizer Extra juostą - vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas buvo 37,5 ± 20,8% prieš 23,6 ± 13,8 % SAGB grupėje, p=0.002. Pacientai, kurių pradinis KMI ≤ 47, geresnių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Predictors of response to cognitive behavioral therapy guided self-help (GSH-CBT) for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in older adultsGunther, Bruno 11 1900 (has links)
Le trouble d’anxiété généralisée (TAG) demeure l'un des troubles anxieux les plus courants chez les personnes âgées. Bien qu'il existe des traitements pharmacologiques et psychologiques efficaces, des études suggèrent que le TAG soit sous-traité chez les personnes âgées puisque l’accès à la thérapie leur serait plus difficile. Afin d’augmenter l’accessibilité, des auto-traitements guidés permettant à la personne d’apprendre de manière autonome, à domicile, ont été développés. Toutefois, les recherches antérieures soulignent la nécessité d’examiner les variables prédictives pour déterminer qui bénéficie de ces traitements auto-guidés, considérant le peu d’informations disponibles sur les individus bénéficiant de telles interventions. De plus, l'efficacité à long terme des auto-traitements guidés n'a pas encore été démontrée de manière concluante. Ce problème est d'autant plus important chez les personnes âgées. Il est donc essentiel, pour une bonne application clinique, d'acquérir des connaissances sur les prédicteurs de résultats afin d’identifier les personnes susceptibles de répondre à ces types d'interventions. Par conséquent, cette thèse vise à développer une compréhension plus détaillée de la façon dont différentes variables sont associées à différentes mesures de résultats cliniques chez les personnes âgées, tant à court terme qu'à long terme, afin de faciliter les applications cliniques futures. Les données utilisées dans la présente thèse proviennent d'un essai contrôlé randomisé de plus grande envergure, conçu pour déterminer l'efficacité d'un auto-traitement guidé de 15 semaines pour traiter le TAG chez les personnes âgées, basé sur les principes de la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale (GSH-CBT) et guidé par des non-professionnels. La première étude a examiné les variables démographiques, motivationnelles et psychologiques qui ont prédit les résultats cliniques et l'abandon du traitement GSH-CBT en utilisant les données de 106 adultes âgés de 60 ans et plus. Les résultats cliniques comprenaient l'anxiété, l'inquiétude et l'intolérance à l'incertitude, mesurées respectivement par le GAD-7, le PSWQ et l'IUI. Une anxiété moins importante et une plus grande confiance vis-à-vis du traitement ont permis de prédire de meilleurs résultats post-traitement sur le GAD-7, tandis des inquiétudes moins intenses, une plus grande confiance dans le traitement et des attentes de résultats plus élevées ont permis de prédire de meilleurs résultats sur le PSWQ. Enfin, un niveau plus faible d'intolérance à l'incertitude et d'inquiétude, une plus grande motivation externe pour débuter le traitement, une meilleure perception de la crédibilité de la thérapie et des attentes de résultats plus élevées ont permis de prédire de meilleurs résultats sur l'IUI. Dans les analyses multivariées, seuls les niveaux initiaux d'anxiété, d'inquiétude et d'intolérance à l'incertitude permettaient de prédire l'issue du traitement. La seconde étude visait à déterminer quels facteurs prédisaient l'efficacité à long terme de ce traitement en examinant différentes variables qui prédisaient les mêmes résultats cliniques six mois et douze mois après le traitement, en utilisant les données de 26 adultes âgés de soixante ans et plus. Dans les analyses multivariées, des niveaux moins élevés d'anxiété, d'inquiétude et d'intolérance à l'incertitude, ainsi qu'une plus grande motivation externe, ont permis de prédire les résultats six mois après le traitement, tandis qu'un niveau moins élevé d'anxiété et une plus grande satisfaction à l'égard du soutien social ont permis de prédire les résultats douze mois après le traitement. L’ensemble de ces résultats révèle qu'une sévérité initiale des symptômes plus faible prédit un meilleur résultat du traitement, et que ce traitement peut être plus bénéfique à long terme pour les personnes âgées ayant des niveaux légers à modérés d'anxiété, d'inquiétude et d'intolérance à l'incertitude, motivées à suivre le traitement et ayant un plus grand niveau de satisfaction en matière de soutien social. / Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) remains one of the most common anxiety disorders in older adults. Although effective pharmacological and psychological treatments are available, studies suggest that GAD is still undertreated in seniors because access to therapy is particularly difficult for older individuals. To increase accessibility, guided self-help treatments where the person learns autonomously from home have been developed. However, previous research highlights the need for more effective targeting through the determination of predictor variables to determine who benefits from these treatments, as little is known about which individuals benefit from guided self-help interventions. Furthermore, there is inconclusive evidence regarding the long-term effectiveness of guided self-help treatments. This issue is compounded with regards to older adults, thus gaining knowledge on outcome predictors to properly distinguish who is likely to respond from these types of interventions is vital to its proper clinical application. Therefore, this thesis focuses on developing a more detailed understanding of how different variables are associated with different measures of clinical outcomes in older adults both in the short-term and in the long-term to facilitate future clinical applications. The data used in the current thesis originates from a larger multisite randomized controlled trial designed to determine the efficacy of a 15-week guided self-help treatment of threshold and subthreshold GAD in older adults based on the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy (GSH-CBT) and guided by lay providers. The first study examined the demographic, motivational, and psychological variables that predicted clinical outcomes and treatment dropout in this GSH-CBT using data from 106 older adults aged sixty years and over. Clinical outcomes included anxiety, worry, and intolerance of uncertainty measured by the GAD-7, PSWQ, and IUI respectively. Lower anxiety severity and higher confidence in the treatment predicted better post-treatment outcomes on the GAD-7, whereas lower worry severity, higher confidence in the treatment, and higher outcome expectations predicted better outcomes on the PSWQ. Lastly, lower intolerance of uncertainty and worry severity, greater external motivation for starting the treatment, greater perceived credibility of the therapy, and higher outcome expectations predicted better outcomes on the IUI. In multivariate analyses, only initial anxiety, worry, and intolerance of uncertainty severity predicted treatment outcome. The second study sought to determine which factors predicted the long-term efficacy of this treatment by examining different variables that predicted the same clinical outcomes at 6- and 12-months post-treatment using data from 26 older adults aged sixty years and over. In the multivariate analyses, lower initial anxiety, worry, and intolerance of uncertainty severity, as well as greater external motivation predicted treatment outcome at 6-months post-treatment, and lower initial anxiety and social support satisfaction predicted treatment outcome at 12-months post-treatment. Overall, the results of this thesis suggest that lower initial symptom severity predicts better treatment outcome, and that this treatment may be more beneficial in the long-term to older individuals with mild to moderate anxiety, worry, and intolerance of uncertainty, who are motivated to do the treatment and who have greater social support satisfaction.
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