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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avalia??o do car?ter oxidante da violace?na / Avalia??o do car?ter oxidante da violace?na

Leal, Ang?lica Maria de Sousa 28 September 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T13:58:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AngelicaMSL_DISSERT.pdf: 779404 bytes, checksum: 28160c948fb7d8a8df206e8b5a2b131e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Violacein is a violet pigment isolated from many gram-negative bacteria, especially from Chromobacterium violaceum, a betaproteobacterium found in the Amazon River in Brazil. It has potential medical applications as an antibacterial, fungicide, anti-tryptanocidal, anti-ulcerogenic and anti-cancer drug, among others. Furthermore, its pro-oxidant activity has been suggested, but only in two specific tumor lineages. Thus, in the present study, the prooxidant effects of violacein were investigated in both normal and tumor cells, seeking to evaluate the cell responses. The evaluation of violacein cytotoxicity using the Trypan blue dye exclusion method indicated that CHO-K1 cells were more resistant than tumor HeLa cells. The oxidative stress induced by violacein was manifested as an increase in intracellular SOD activity in CHO-K1 and MRC-5 cells at a specific concentration range. Nevertheless, a decrease was detected specifically at 6-12 ?M in HeLa and MRC-5 cells. Interestingly, the increase in SOD activity was not followed by a concomitant increase in catalase activity. Regarding to oxidative stress biomarkers, increased protein carbonylation and lipid hydroperoxides levels were detected respectively in CHO-K1 and MRC-5 cells treated with violacein at 1.5-3 ?M and 3 ?M, which may be an evidence that this compound causes oxidative stress specifically in these conditions. Additionally, it is believed that the decline in cell viability observed in MRC-5 cells and HeLa treated with violacein at 6-12 M is due to mechanisms not related to oxidative stress. Moreover, the results suggested that violacein might cause oxidative stress by increasing endogenous levels of O2 -, since the occurrence of an expressive change in SOD activity. In addition, in order to evaluate the antioxidant activity of violacein in the absence of a biological system, the total antioxidant and iron chelating activity were evaluated, so that antioxidant activities were detected at 30 and 60 ?M of violacein. Altogether, the results indicate that although oxidative stress is triggered by incubation with violacein, it did not seem to be high enough to cause serious damage to cell biomolecules in HeLa cells and only at specific concentrations in CHOK-1 and MRC-5 cells. Comparing the results obtained in cell culture and the in vitro antioxidant activity evaluation, the results confirmed that violacein presents opposing oxidant features when in presence or absence of a biological system and the antioxidant character only occurs at high concentrations of the pigment. / A violace?na ? um pigmento violeta isolado de v?rias esp?cies de bact?rias gram-negativas, especialmente da Chromobacterium violaceum, uma betaproteobact?ria encontrada no rio Amazonas, no Brasil. Diversas atividades biol?gicas j? foram descritas para este pigmento e dentre elas destacam-se a antibacteriana, antif?ngica, tripanocida, antileishmaniose, anti-?lcerog?nica, antiviral e antitumoral. Apesar de uma atividade antioxidante in vitro ter sido sugerida, a atividade pr?-oxidante tamb?m j? foi observada especificamente em duas linhagens tumorais e parece ser dependente de mecanismos espec?ficos para cada linhagem. Nesse sentido, os efeitos citot?xicos e pr?oxidantes da violace?na foram investigados em c?lulas normais e tumorais buscando-se avaliar a ocorr?ncia de diferentes respostas celulares. A an?lise da citotoxicidade da violace?na indicou que c?lulas CHO-K1 foram mais resistentes ao composto em rela??o ?s tumorais HeLa. Quanto ?s enzimas do aparato antioxidante, observou-se um aumento significativo na atividade da SOD intracelular nas linhagens CHO-K1 e MRC-5. Por?m, houve uma diminui??o na atividade enzim?tica especificamente nos tratamentos com 6 e 12 M nas linhagens MRC-5 e HeLa. Interessantemente, o aumento na atividade da SOD n?o foi acompanhado pelo aumento concomitante na atividade da catalase. Em rela??o aos biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo, n?veis elevados de prote?nas carboniladas e hidroper?xidos de lip?dio foram observados em c?lulas CHO-K1 e MRC-5 quando tratadas respectivamente com 1,5-3 ?M e 3 ?M de violace?na, indicando que o pigmento apresenta efeitos pr?-oxidantes especificamente nessas concentra??es. Adicionalmente, acredita-se que a acentuada queda na viabilidade celular observada em c?lulas MRC-5 e HeLa tratadas com 6-12 ?M de violace?na se deve a outros mecanismos n?o relacionados ? gera??o de estresse oxidativo propriamente dita. Os resultados obtidos em cultura de c?lulas sugerem tamb?m que a violace?na induz estresse oxidativo por eleva??o dos n?veis end?genos de O2 ??, visto a ocorr?ncia de uma significativa altera??o nos n?veis de atividade de SOD. Em adi??o, com o objetivo de avaliar o car?ter antioxidante in vitro da violace?na na aus?ncia de um sistema biol?gico celular, a capacidade antioxidante total e a atividade de quela??o f?rrica do pigmento foram avaliadas, de forma que atividades antioxidantes foram detectadas a 30 e 60 ?M de violace?na. Frente aos resultados obtidos, apesar do desencadeamento do estresse oxidativo ap?s a incuba??o com violace?na, este parece n?o ser suficiente para causar danos significativos aos componentes e estruturas celulares em c?lulas HeLa e apenas em concentra??es espec?ficas de pigmento para CHO-K1 e MRC-5, dentro das condi??es avaliadas. Por fim, os resultados confirmam que violace?na apresenta car?teres oxidantes opostos quando na presen?a ou aus?ncia de um sistema biol?gico, al?m de que o car?ter antioxidante s? se d? em concentra??es elevadas do pigmento

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