O ozônio, forma triatômica do oxigênio, tem sido amplamente estudado ao longo dos anos. Sua aplicação destaca-se devido ao seu alto poder oxidativo na ação contra bactérias, fungos, protozoários e vírus. A alta instabilidade faz com que o gás transforme-se em oxigênio após determinado tempo, não liberando resíduos no ambiente. Também tem sua aplicação estudada de forma a aprimorar o sistema circulatório, produzindo aumento na oxigenação tecidual, estimulando a produção de antioxidantes endógenos e causando efeito imunomodulador (com a estimulação da liberação de citocinas). Foi o objetivo deste trabalho a organização das informações sobre o ozônio empregado na Medicina Veterinária e Odontologia Humana, principalmente suas aplicações como antimicrobiano, para esclarecer a importância de suas utilizações e fornecer subsídios para que a ozonioterapia possa ser utilizada na Odontologia Veterinária. Assim, com base na literatura, foi possível concluir que a ozonioterapia constitui proposta coadjuvante promissora diante da necessidade do controle da infecção, além da ação imunomoduladora que pode ser empregada nas mais variadas situações da prática clínica. / Ozone, the triatomic form of oxygen, has been widely studied over the years. With a very oxidative potential, acts against bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses. The high instability, after a few minutes makes it return to the oxygen form. This is important because of the non residual effect on the environment. The ozone has also an immune modulating effect, stimulating the release of endogenous anti-oxidants and acts in the circulation system inducing to an increase on oxygen tissue levels. This research aimed to gather information about ozone, particularly the antimicrobial effect, raising the importance of the applications, aiming a possible use of the ozone in Veterinary Dentistry. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the ozone therapy can be an important adjuvant to infectious diseases control, and can be used in different types of clinical applications.

O monitoramento dos poluentes atmosféricos é um dos principais itens para a gestão do ar em centros urbanos e rurais atualmente. Entretanto, os altos custos de infraestrutura e de manutenção das estações de monitoramento da qualidade do ar inviabilizam muitos países, estados e municípios de implementarem esse intrumento. No Brasil, a gestão da qualidade do ar é restrita a alguns estados. No caso do monitoramento da qualidade do ar, a medida é restrita a algumas cidades. A fim de contribuir com o entendimento dos níveis de ozônio em uma cidade do interior paulista, foram conduzidas vinte e seis campanhas de amostragem semanal do ozônio tropósférico entre setembro de 2016 e setembro de 2017, em Jundiaí. Foram investigadas algumas características que são determinantes para a ocorrência do poluente ao longo das quatro estações e a variação em sete bairros do município. Com o propósito de avaliar o desempenho dos amostradores passivo frente as medições do monitor automático da CETESB, um dos locais selecionados foi a estação de monitoramento da CETESB. Em relação aos sete bairros, contatou-se diferença estatística (p<0,05) através da aplicação da Análise de Variância (ANOVA), sendo constatada diferença em um local do município com o teste de Dunnett. Nas amostras coletadas na estação da CETESB, observou-se correlação da temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar com o ozônio. Essas variáveis inseridas em um modelo de regressão com as amostragens passivas resultou na explicação de 92% (r2=0,921) das medições realizadas pelo monitor automático da CETESB. Por meio da análise das retrotrajetórias de parcelas de ar foi possível verificar que as concentrações de ozônio em Jundiaí possivelmente sejam influenciadas pelas emissões de outras regiões. Além disso, propôs-se contribuir com o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas de monitoramento de ozônio, montando e validando preliminarmente um dispositivo de baixo custo com um sensor programado no hardware Arduino. Foi feita a calibração indireta do dispositivo de medição de ozônio com o monitor automático da CETESB. Observou-se que os resultados obtidos pelo dispositivo não apresentaram correlação com os do monitor da CETESB (p>0,05), ainda que o primeiro e segundo quartis tenham apresentado correlação (p<0,05). O dispositivo precisa ser mais bem avaliado com calibração em laboratório. / Monitoring of air pollutants is one the main items for air management in urban and rural centers today. However, the high costs of infrastructure and maintenance of air quality monitoring stations manke many countries, states and municipalities unable to implement this instrument. In Brazil air quality management is restrict to some states. In the case of air quality monitoring, the measure is restricted to some cities. In order to contribuite to the understanding of ozone levels in a city in the state of São Paulo, twenty-six weekly sampling campaigns of tropospheric ozone between September 2016 and Sptember 2017 in Jundiaí. It was investigated some characteristics that are determinant for the occurance of the pollutant throughout the four seasons and the variation in seven districts os the Jundiaí. In order to evaluate the performance of the passive samplers against the CETESB automatic monitor measurements, one of the selected sites was the monitoring station of CETESB. About the seven neighborhoods, a statistical difference (p<0.05) was applied through the Analysis of Variace (ANOVA), and a difference was found in one locality of the municipality with the Dunnett test. In the samples collected at the CETESB station, a correlation was observed between temperature and air humidity and ozone. These variables inserted in a regression model with the passive samplings resulted in the explanation of 92% (r²=0.921) of the measurements performed by the CETESB automatic monitor. By analyzing the backward trajectories of air parcels, it was possible to verify that ozone concentrations in Jundiaí are possibly influenced by emissions from other regions. In addition, it was proposed to contribute to the development of new ozone monitoring techniques by assembling and preliminarily validating a low-cost device with a sensor programmed into Arduino hardware. The indirect calibration of the ozone measuring device was done with the CETESB automatic monitor. It was observed that the results obtained by the device did not correlate with those of the CETESB monitor (p>0.05), although the first and second quartiles showed a correlation (p<0.05). The device needs to be better evaluated with laboratory calibration.

Tierra del Fuego, at the southernmost tip of South America, is influenced by ozone depletion. The landscape of southern and western Tierra de! Fuego is dominated by peatlands; they are important locally and in the context of global climate change, because they store large quantities of organic carbon. To determine the influence of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) on a Tierra de! Fuego peatland, we selectively filtered solar UV-Bin ten pairs of plots. Polyfluorine filters were used to create the Near-Ambient-UV-B Treatment ( 90% solar UV-B), and polyester filters to create the Reduced-UV-B Treatment ( 17% solar UV-B). These filters were first installed in October 1996, and were maintained, September-March, for six years. Following previous plant growth measurements and samples of selected microorganisms under the two UV-B treatments (1996-1999), this dissertation is an account of the more detailed measurements made during the second three-year period of treatments (1999-2001 ). Seasonal sampling of the plant community, microfungi, microfauna, and biogeochemistry of the water and nutrients held by the Sphagnum capitulum was introduced, in an attempt to better understand ecosystem function. Solar UV-B reduced Sphagnum height growth, but this was compensated by more compressed and densely packed Sphagnum capitula. Emergent vascular plants, Nothofagus, Empetrum, and Tetroncium, were more affected than Sphagnum by nearambient UV-B. Solar UV-B altered the Sphagnum-capitulum microenvironment, resulting in: more dissolved organic carbon and phosphorous, higher electrical conductivity, and greater acidity under near-ambient UV-B. Additionally, the populations of testate amoebae and some species of fungi were consistently increased; however, microfungal diversity and rotifer, nematode, and mite populations decreased under near-ambient UV-B. Generally, Sphagnum minimizes the leaching of nutrients by effectively holding water at the capitulum. Solar UV-B altered Sphagnum-capitulum morphology, increased the volume of water held, and made this water more acidic and richer in nutrients. Based on these results, if current trends in ozone depletion were to persist over several decades, a reduction in vascular plant growth, and changes in the trophic relationships of the microorganismal community of the Sphagnum capitulum, would be predicted. These responses have the potential to affect peatland carbon storage and nutrient cycling in Tierra del Fuego.

Graduation date: 1997

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der chemischen Ozonzerstörung im arktischen und antarktischen stratosphärischen Polarwirbel. Diese wird durch Abbauprodukte von anthropogen emittierten Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffen und Halonen, Chlor- und Bromradikale, verursacht. Studien in denen der gemessene und modellierte Ozonabbau verglichen wird zeigen, dass die Prozeße bekannt sind, der quantitative Verlauf allerdings nicht vollständig verstanden ist. <br><br> Die Prozesse, die zur Ozonzerstörung führen sind in beiden Polarwirbeln ähnlich. Allerdings fällt als Konsequenz unterschiedlicher meteorologischer Bedingungen der chemische Ozonabbau im arktischen Polarwirbel weniger drastisch aus als über der Antarktis. Der arktische Polarwirbel ist im Mittel stärker dynamisch gestört als der antarktische und weist eine stärkere Jahr-zu-Jahr Variabilität auf. Das erschwert die Messung des chemischen Ozonabbaus. Zur Trennung des chemischen Ozonabbaus von der dynamischen Umverteilung des Ozons im arktischen Polarwirbel wurde die Matchmethode entwickelt. Bei dieser Methode werden Luftpakete innerhalb des Polarwirbels mehrfach beprobt, um den chemischen Anteil der Ozonänderung zu quantifizieren. Zur Identifizierung von doppelt beprobten Luftpaketen werden Trajektorien aus Windfeldern berechnet. Können zwei Messungen im Rahmen bestimmter Qualitätskriterien durch eine Trajektorie verbunden werden, kann die Ozondifferenz zwischen beiden Sondierungen berechnet und als chemischer Ozonabbau interpretiert werden. Eine solche Koinzidenz wird Match genannt. Der Matchmethode liegt ein statistischer Ansatz zugrunde, so dass eine Vielzahl solcher doppelt beprobter Luftmassen vorliegen muss, um gesicherte Aussagen über die Ozonzerstörung gewinnen zu können. So erhält man die Ozonzerstörung in einem bestimmten Zeitintervall, also Ozonabbauraten. Um die Anzahl an doppelt beprobten Luftpackten zu erhöhen wurde eine aktive Koordinierung der Ozonsondenaufstiege entwickelt. <br><br> Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Matchkampagnen während des arktischen Winters 2002/2003 und zum ersten Mal während eines antarktischen Winter (2003) durchgeführt. Aus den gewonnenen Daten wurden Ozonabbauraten in beiden Polarwirbeln bestimmt. Diese Abbauraten dienen zum einen der Evaluierung von Modellen, ermöglichen aber auch den direkten Vergleich von Ozonabbauraten in beiden Polarwirbeln. <br><br> Der Winter 2002/2003 war zu Beginn durch sehr tiefe Temperaturen in der mittleren und unteren Stratosphäre charakterisiert, so dass die Matchkampagne Ende November gestartet wurde. Ab Januar war der Polarwirbel zeitweise stark dynamisch gestört. Die Kampagne ging bis Mitte März. Für den Höhenbereich von 400 bis 550 K potentieller Temperatur (15-23 km) konnten Ozonabbauraten und der Verlust in der Gesamtsäule berechnet werden. Die Ozonabbauraten wurden in verschiedenen Tests auf ihre Stabilität überprüft. <br> Der antarktische Polarwirbel war vom Beginn des Winters bis Mitte Oktober 2003 sehr kalt und stellte Ende September kurzzeitig den Rekord für die größte bisher aufgetretene Ozonloch-Fläche ein. Es konnten für den Kampagnenzeitraum, Anfang Juni bis Anfang Oktober, Ozonabbauraten im Höhenbereich von 400 bis 550 K potentieller Temperatur ermittelt werden. Der zeitliche Verlauf des Ozonabbaus war dabei auf fast allen Höhenniveaus identisch. Die Zunahme des Sonnenlichtes im Polarwirbel mit der Zeit führt zu einem starken Anwachsen der Ozonabbauraten. Ab Mitte September gingen die Ozonabbauraten auf Null zurück, da bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt das gesamte Ozon zwischen ca. 14 und 21 km zerstört wurde. <br><br> Im letzten Teil der Arbeit wird ein neuer Algorithmus auf Basis der multivariaten Regression vorgestellt, mit dem Ozonabbauraten aus Ozonprofilen verschiedener Sensoren gleichzeitig berechnet werden können. Dabei können neben der Ozonabbaurate die systematischen Fehler zwischen den einzelnen Sensoren bestimmt werden. Dies wurde exemplarisch am antarktischen Winter 2003 für das 475 K potentielle Temperatur Niveau gezeigt. Neben den Ozonprofilen der Sonden wurden Daten von zwei Satellitenexperimenten verwendet. Die mit der multivariaten Matchtechnik berechneten Ozonabbauraten stimmen gut mit den Ozonabbauraten der Einzelsensor-Matchansätze überein. / <br>The subject of this thesis is the destruction of ozone in the stratospheric polar vortex of the Arctic and Antarctic. It is caused by decomposition products of anthropogenic emitted Chlorofluorocarbons and Halons, radicals of chlorine and bromine. Studies which are dealing with the comparison of measured and modelled ozone loss show that the processes are known but that the quantitative development is not fully understood yet. <br><br> The processes that lead to ozone destruction are similar in both polar vortices. But as a consequence of different meteorological conditions the chemical ozone loss in the arctic polar vortex is less dramatic than over the Antarctic. On average the Arctic polar vortex is stronger perturbed and exhibit a stronger annual variability. In order to distinguish between chemical ozone loss and the dynamical redistribution of ozone in the Arctic vortex the Match method was developed. Air parcels in the polar vortex are probed several times in order to quantify the chemical change in ozone. To identify those air parcels trajectories are calculated using wind fields. When it is possible to connect two measurements by a trajectory within certain quality criteria the difference in ozone can be calculated and is interpreted as chemical ozone loss. Such a coincidence is called a Match. The Match method is a statistical approach which needs many of those doubly probed air parcels in order to draw significant conclusions about the destruction of ozone. So the ozone destruction can be calculated for a certain period in time which gives ozone loss rates. In order to enhance the number of doubly probed air masses an active coordination was established. <br><br> Within the scope of the thesis Match campaigns were performed during the Arctic winter 2002/2003 and for the first time during the Antarctic winter 2003. The achieved data was used in order to determine ozone loss rates in both polar vortices. The loss rates serve for the evaluation of numerical models but allow as well the direct comparison of ozone loss rates of both polar vortices. <br><br> The beginning of the winter 2002/2003 is characterized by very low temperatures in the middle and lower stratosphere. Hence, the Match campaign started at the end of November. From January on the polar vortex was strongly dynamically disturbed at certain times. For the height region of 400 to 500 K potential temperature (15-23 km) ozone loss rates and the column loss were determined. The robustness of the ozone loss rates was checked with a variety of different tests. <br><br> From beginning of the winter until October 2003 the Antarctic polar vortex was very cold and the expansion of the ozone hole area reached record values in late September. From the beginning of June until the beginning of October ozone loss has been calculated in a height region from 400 to 550 K potential temperature. The development of the ozone loss was almost identical on the different height levels. The increase in sunlight led to an increase in ozone loss rates. From mid September the ozone loss rates decreased rapidly and the ozone was completely destroyed between approx. 14 and 21 km. <br><br> In the last part of the thesis a new algorithm is presented which is based on a multivariate regression in order to calculate ozone loss rates from ozone profiles made by different sensors. At the same time the systematic error between different sensors has to be considered. As an example the approach is shown for the Antarctic Winter 2003 on the 475 K potential temperature level. Beside the ozone profiles from the sondes, data from two satellites experiments have been used. The agreement between the ozone loss rates calculated by the multivariate regression method and those calculated by the single match approach is very good.

The primary goal of the recently formed Absorption Cross Sections of Ozone (ACSO) Commission is to establish an international standard for the ozone cross section used in the retrieval of atmospheric ozone number density profiles. The Canadian instrument OSIRIS onboard the Swedish spacecraft Odin has produced high quality ozone profiles since 2002, and as such the OSIRIS research team has been asked to contribute to the ACSO Commission by evaluating the impact of implementing different ozone cross sections into SASKTRAN, the radiative transfer model used in the retrieval of OSIRIS ozone profiles. Preliminary analysis revealed that the current state of the OSIRIS spectral point spread function, an array of values describing the dispersion of light within OSIRIS, would make such an evaluation difficult. Specifically, the current spectral point spread function is time-independent and therefore unable to account for any changes in the optics introduced by changes in the operational environment of the instrument. Such a situation introduces systematic errors when modelling the atmosphere as seen by OSIRIS, errors that impact the quality of the ozone number density profiles retrieved from OSIRIS measurements and make it difficult to accurately evaluate the impact of using different ozone cross sections within the SASKTRAN model. To eliminate these errors a method is developed to calculate, for the 310-350 nm wavelength range, a unique spectral point spread function for every scan in the OSIRIS mission history, the end result of which is a time-dependent spectral point spread function. The development of a modelling equation is then presented, which allows for any noise present in the time-dependent spectral point spread function to be reduced and relates the spectral point spread function to measured satellite parameters. Implementing this modelled time-dependent spectral point spread function into OSIRIS ozone retrieval algorithms is shown to improve all OSIRIS ozone profiles by 1-2% for tangent altitudes of 35-48 km. Analysis is also presented that reveals a previously unaccounted for temperature-dependent altitude shift in OSIRIS measurements. In conjunction with the use of the time-dependent spectral point spread function, accounting for this altitude shift is shown to result in an almost complete elimination of the temperature-induced systematic errors seen in OSIRIS ozone profiles. Such improvements lead to improved ozone number density profiles for all times of the OSIRIS mission and make it possible to evaluate the use of different ozone cross sections as requested by the ACSO Commission.

Ozone is recognized as one of the most dangerous irritants to eyes, throat, lungs and etc .. Chamber studies consistently have demonstrated adverse effects of ozone on human lung function. The results of epidemiological studies, however, have been controversial, partly because there are many factors that affect human lung function. Thus it has been difficult to control confounding in epidemiological studies. Among these factors, retention and ventilation are two of the more important because of their strong influence on ozone's physiologically effective dose. This study used a computer simulation model, utilizing data from the "children's Camp Study", to analyze the effects of retention factors and ventilation on ozone's physiologically effective dose. The results of the simulations indicated appreciable improvement in the estimated exposure to ozone when inhaled ozone exposure (effective dose) was included in the model. These results were consistent with the study's a priori- hypothesis (that incorporating retention and ventilation factors into the model would improve the estimated exposure to ozone) primarily because of the greater precision and reduction in bias associated with the use of heart rate data that were child-and hour-specific. The study identified three simulation data sets for which the ozone dose model yielded a more significant coefficient than did the average ozone concentration model. Using the t-statistic, the three models were seen to follow the expected pattern, with statistically significant differences between the R² values (the coefficient of variation changed from 45.4 to 11.0 when the error term was 0. 01). The results of the analyses support the hypothesis that ventilation and retention factors can be used to increase the precision of ozone exposure measurement and reduce exposure assessment errors significantly, thereby sharpening the power of studies evaluating ozone's acute health effects. / Graduation date: 1992

In Part 1, we separated surface ozone time series collected from EPA monitoring sites in and around Georgia from 1980-2002 using a Kolmogorov -Zurbenko Filter to assess the influences associated with characteristic timescales to the overall variability of ozone for individual communities. Comparison of time scale variabilities supports that the diurnal and synoptic variation are most influential timescales in small and large urban and rural locations, with the synoptic scale variation decreasing with the increase of urban size. We define boundaries of influence due to a communitys local chemistry and due to transport by utilizing the diurnal and synoptic ozone timescales respectively. We used the synoptic scale to evaluate the boundaries of similarity among sites that share synoptic scale trends due to transport. Results showed two-phased correlation decay with distance from urban centers. We evaluate the diurnal timescale as a means of evaluating the influence of an areas photochemistry, separated from long-range transport mechanisms. We consider isolation of the diurnal timescale extrapolated spatially for a relative sensitivity analysis based on ozone with respect to concentrations of the precursor group NOy. Results show differences base on urban scale and can define photochemical boundaries. In Part 2, a Particle-Into-Liquid Sampler with an anion/cation chromatograph (PILS-IC) was used to evaluate the fine particle desert dust mixed with urban pollution during the Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia). Three flights in the Yellow Sea boundary layer captured high mineral dust mixed with pollutants from Asian urban centers. Results report on the fine particle ionic compositions and chemical evolution of dust and pollution during those flights. The main component of water-soluble mineral dust was Ca2+ with Mg2+, which existed with significant fractions in the form of carbonates. Nitrate and sulfate measured after transport of nearly half a day, were connected to ammonium or potassium, the rest likely associated with mineral dust. Initial mass accommodation coefficients much less than 0.1 for uptake of SO2 or HNO3 by mineral dust in urban plumes containing fossil fuel and biomass burning emissions could explain the observations. The data suggest a dependence of accommodation coefficient on relative humidity.

Metro Kaohsiung with high percentage (6-10 %) of poor air quality (PSI>100) has been announced officially by Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA) as the worst air quality region among seven Air Quality Zones (AQZ) in Taiwan. Ozone is one of two major air pollutants that are responsible for the poor air quality. In this study, the vertical concentration profiles of ozone and its precursors (NOX and VOCs) at eight sites were measured by tethered balloons with air pumps and tedlar sampling bags. This method was used to investigate the vertical profile and the tempospatial distribution of ozone and its precursors in offshore/inland regions. This study further investigated ozone formation mechanism and air mass trajectory via simultaneous air quality sampling around the coastal region of metro Kaohsiung. This study sampled the vertical concentration profiles of ozone and its precursors at both inland and offshore sites during eight intensive sampling periods on August 16-17 and November 2-3, 2006, January 24-25, March 6-7 and May 2-3, 2007, October 30-31, 2008, and March 11-12 and July 15-16, 2009. Eight sampling periods were divided into the sea-land breeze period, the northeast monsoon period, and the mixing wind field period. During the sea-land breeze period, the wind direction changed 90˚ and more between daytime and nighttime, and the wind speeds of the sea breezes varied significantly than those of the land breezes. During the northeast monsoon period, prevailing wind blew from the north (300~60˚) with the average wind speeds of 1~4 m/s. During the mixing wind field period, the wind direction varied significantly from 270˚ to 90˚ with the average wind speeds of 1~3 m/s. Results obtained from the vertical profiles showed that O3 concentration appeared stratification phenomenon at 40 out of 64 sampling sites, in which its precursors (NOX or VOCs) demonstrated stratification phenomenon at 30 sampling sites, accounting for 75 % of total O3 stratification. It suggested that ozone and its precursors had strong correlation with each other. The linear slope of the titration effect showed that the intensity of titration effect at night during the northeast monsoon period was larger and had higher correlation (R> 0.7), and followed by the mixing wind field period and the sea-land breeze period. This phenomenon correlated closely with meteorological conditions, the concentrations of O3 precursors, and solar radiation intensity. Therefore, O3 concentration at night during the northeast monsoon period was lower than those of the sea-land breeze period. Results obtained from VOCs measurement indicated that the major species of VOCs was acetone which accounted for 16.25~64.05 % of total TVOCs-C2 in the offshore region. High concentration of TVOCs-C2 was affected by the usage of organic solvents. While, the major species of VOCs in the inland region was toluene which accounted for 6.41~43.77 % of total TVOCs-C2. Furthermore, results obtained from backward trajectory showed that air pollutants emited from land sources could transport to the offshore region, resulting in high concentration of oversea NOX and VOCs. Major species of VOCs for high O3 formation potential were aromatics and vinyls at the height of 0~500 m around the coastal region of metro Kaohsiung. The control of O3 precursors concentration showed that the ratio of [TVOCs-C2]/[NOX] in the offshore region was higher, indicating that O3 formation was NOX-limited. Therefore, NOX must be controlled for reducing O3 formation. However, the ratio of [TVOCs-C2]/[NOX] in the inland region was lower, some cases even below 4, showing that O3 formation was VOCs-limited. Thus, VOCs must be controlled for reducing O3 formation.

This study was aimed at the removal of odorous compounds in gases emitted from rubber processing industries. Odorous gas for test was prepared by mixing fresh air and an odorous gas drawn from an oven in which a sample of rubber powder was kept at 160 and 200 oC, respectively. For ozonation tests, the prepared odorous gas was then premixed with a definite amount of ozone-enriched air before entering into a contact system. The contact system consists of two sieve-plate columns connected in series and each column has four 1-L chambers. Depending on with or without introducing a circulating scrubbing water into the columns, the oxidation reaction could be either wet or dry one. For UV/ozonation (UV/O3) tests, batch reactions were performed in a 3.63-L chamber fitted with an UV lamp inserted in a quartz column. A definite volume of the odorous gas generated from the oven was injected into the chamber containing a definite concentration of ozone. Results from the dry-ozonation tests indicate that that 82 and 70% of VOCs and odorous intensity in the influent gas could be removed, respectively, with the operation conditions of an initial ozone concentration of 4.0 ppm, VOC (methane equivalent) concentrations of 6.5-9.0 ppm, an oxidation temperature of 38.5 oC, and a gas empty-bed-retention time (EBRT) of 8.6 s. Both the VOC and odorous intensity removal efficiencies were roughly proportional to the EBRT in the range of 1.4-11.4 s. Wet-ozonation got 97 and over 90% of VOC and odorous intensity removal, respectively, with the operation conditions of initial ozone concentration 4.0 ppm, VOC (methane equivalent) concentrations 6.5-10.3 ppm, oxidation temperature 37.3 oC, gas EBRT 12 s, and liquid/gas rate ratio 0.01 m3/m3. With conditions similar to those cited above, odor concentration (dilutions to the threshold) in the test gas could be removed from 3,090 to 130 with an EBRT of 14.5 s. Tests also indicate that activated carbon is effective for both physical and chemical removals of the residual VOCs, odorous compounds, and ozone in the effluent gas from the ozonation system. Economical analysis indicates that around NT$ 5.4 is required for treating 1,000 m3 of the tested foul gas by the proposed wet-ozonation and activated carbon adsorption process. Odor concentration (dilutions to the threshold) in a test could be reduced from around 4,000 to 70. Results of UV/O3 tests indicate that the introduction of the 185 nm UV irradiation at the intensity of 5W/3.63L did not help in the additional VOC and odor removals with an initial ozone concentration 4.0 ppm, VOC (methane equivalent) concentrations of 12.2-15.0 ppm, oxidation temperature of 31.5 oC, and reaction time 18.2 s. UV irradiation is not necessary for the ozonation odor removal of the test gas samples.