Thesis (M.Sc.D.)--Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry, 1974. Orthodontics. / Bibliography included.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1983. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-104). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1983. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-104).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan.

This retrospective cohort study investigated the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the soft tissues using CBCTs. The sample consisted of 60 subjects: experimental group (n=30, treated with rapid maxillary expansion (RME), age:10.93 ± 2.20) and control group (n=30, age 11.43 ± 2.8). Soft tissue measurements were made using soft tissue landmarks. Paired t-test was used to compare the changes after expansion, and student t-test was used to compare the experimental and the control group. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to evaluate intra-examiner reliability. Statistically significant differences were noted when comparing the experimental to the control group in transverse and anterior posterior dimensions. Increase was noted at the bialar distance (0.90mm, p=0.0363), nostril medium left to midsagittal plane (0.75mm, p=0.0423), the angle of pronasale to nostril base right and left (1.640, p<.001), columella width (0.56mm, p=0.0272), nostril base left to midsagittal plane, (1.03mm, p=0.0207), chelion right to endocanthus right (1.57mm, p=0.0086), chelion left to endocanthus left (1.96mm, p=0.0015). Anteroposteriorly, the tip of the nose moved forward (pronasale to coronal plane (1.97mm, p=0.0018), nostril medium right to coronal plane (1.07mm, p=0.0486), alare right to coronal plane (1.67mm, p=0.0117), pronasale to nostril base left (2.24mm, p<0.001) and right (2.12mm, p<0.001). Finally comparing genders, all the measurements were significantly greater in males compared to females except for columella width. In conclusion, RME influences soft tissue changes of the face, specifically in the nasal area. The base of the nose, bialar distance and columella widened while the tip of the nose moved forward.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Vibration forces (VF) have been shown to alter the formative and resorptive activities of bone. Studies have investigated the use of VF in applications such as the treatment of osteoporosis, bone fracture healing and implant osteointegration with favorable results. In dentistry, orthodontic tooth movement and maxillary suture expansion are common procedures typically requiring prolonged treatment durations with high relapse rates. We hypothesized that local, intermittent VF applications can enhance bone formation during rapid maxillary expansion and accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Moreover, we also investigated expression of periostin/OSF-2, an adhesion molecule implicated in the formation of bone during maxillary suture expansion. Our results showed that intermittent VF significantly increased bone volume density of the expended palatal bone but limited the amount of palatal expansion and mineral apposition rate at the suture margins. Also, intermittent VF forces did not show statistically significant acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement but significantly enhanced bone volume density of the interradicular bone after tooth movement. Maxillary expansion was also shown to induce the expression of periostin which was proportional to the magnitude of the expansion force with increased bone mineral deposition.

Background: Maxillary expansion has long been used in children and adolescents for transverse discrepancies and dental crowding. With age, the mid-palatal suture becomes increasingly mature, requiring heavy, rapid force in order to achieve skeletal expansion. As an individual grows into adulthood, it has been demonstrated that a skeletally anchored expander can be used in order to achieve successful sutural separation. The side effects between these two types of expanders, including dental tipping with relative extrusion of buccal segments and clockwise mandibular rotation, have been demonstrated to have differences in their degrees of severity. However, most of the studies have evaluated the effects immediately following the expansion and not through a prolonged period in which growth may occur. The purpose of the present study was to investigate long-term skeletal differences in two types of expansion (RPE vs MARPE) on a growing population. Methods: This retrospective study included 39 adolescent subjects (mean age = 13.8 years) who had received maxillary expansion (20 RPE, 19 MARPE) with subsequent completion of orthodontic treatment. Initial and final CBCTs were used to analyze cephalometric and transversal changes between the two groups. Transverse measurements were repeated two weeks apart to test intra-observer reliability. Results: Cephalometric analysis demonstrated no significant differences in changes of FMA (p = 0.549) or MP-SN (p = 0.722) between the two groups following expansion and completion of orthodontic treatment. There were statistically significant differences in transverse changes between the two groups, with the MARPE group displaying more skeletal expansion. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that skeletally anchored expander - MARPE and conventional expander have similar skeletal effects in adolescents.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1969.