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<p>Abstract</p><p>This study takes up a local issue in the village of Lekhyttan, where Johan Molin is concerned about the freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera) situation. He is a landowner and wonders what the situation is for the mussels and what he himself possibly can do, to hopefully improve their situation.</p><p>This paper looks at the different aspects on why the mussels are distributed as they are in the stream and trying to understand why new recruitment is poor in the Lekhyttan Stream.</p><p>Dividing the area into two zones, east (that has a population of mussels) and west (which has none), makes it easier to analyse which type of habitat they prefer. Why the mussels can be found in one zone and not in the other can be due to several different factors.</p><p>The factors investigated were: 1) bottom structure, 2) trout (Salmo trutta) - spawning area and mature trout habitat as the trout play an important role in the mussels lifecycle,</p><p>3) surrounding vegetation, 4) predation from signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) and 5) water quality checked with a pH and iron test – from the inflows of ditches and pipes.</p><p>There was a significant difference between the two zones in the bottom sediment structure: the west zone had a high percentage of stone, whilst the east zone consisted of finer materials and had far more suitable habitat areas for the trout (both in spawning as well as for larger trout). Tests from the inflowing water in the west zone had water with low and high pH levels, as well as high iron contents. These inflows need to be fixed with a pond and reed filtration bed, as well as a recommendation on cutting back the number of crayfish that can be a potential threat to juvenile mussels. Following these recommendations will hopefully improve the situation locally for the Lekhyttan freshwater pearl mussel and maybe even lead to new recruitment.</p>

Abstract This study takes up a local issue in the village of Lekhyttan, where Johan Molin is concerned about the freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera) situation. He is a landowner and wonders what the situation is for the mussels and what he himself possibly can do, to hopefully improve their situation. This paper looks at the different aspects on why the mussels are distributed as they are in the stream and trying to understand why new recruitment is poor in the Lekhyttan Stream. Dividing the area into two zones, east (that has a population of mussels) and west (which has none), makes it easier to analyse which type of habitat they prefer. Why the mussels can be found in one zone and not in the other can be due to several different factors. The factors investigated were: 1) bottom structure, 2) trout (Salmo trutta) - spawning area and mature trout habitat as the trout play an important role in the mussels lifecycle, 3) surrounding vegetation, 4) predation from signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) and 5) water quality checked with a pH and iron test – from the inflows of ditches and pipes. There was a significant difference between the two zones in the bottom sediment structure: the west zone had a high percentage of stone, whilst the east zone consisted of finer materials and had far more suitable habitat areas for the trout (both in spawning as well as for larger trout). Tests from the inflowing water in the west zone had water with low and high pH levels, as well as high iron contents. These inflows need to be fixed with a pond and reed filtration bed, as well as a recommendation on cutting back the number of crayfish that can be a potential threat to juvenile mussels. Following these recommendations will hopefully improve the situation locally for the Lekhyttan freshwater pearl mussel and maybe even lead to new recruitment.

published_or_final_version / Applied Geosciences / Master / Master of Science

published_or_final_version / Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Philosophy

This study is an analysis of images of Chinese women in five of Pearl S. Buck's novels: East Wind: West Wind, The Good Earth, The Mother, Pavilion of Women, and Peony. Buck's female characters, with their different degrees of individuality and typicality, form a realistic picture of Chinese women.In terms of thematic content, the study shows that all Buck's female characters use their limited power within the constraints of their society to achieve what they deserve, often employing different, covert ways, some manipulation, and even a little deception.The significance of this is that it reveals, in an artistic way, the social conditions under which Chinese women at Buck's times lived. Chinese women had been very much oppressed. In order to survive, they had to act in ways acceptable by their society. However, they had, just as their male counterparts, the desire to love, to be happy, to maintain dignity, and to be free. What is more important, they were intelligent, courageous, and capable of fighting to achieve their goals for themselves.Buck portrays her female characters both as typical of Chinese women in general and as strong individual figures, each facing different conflicts, in a variety of social, familial situations, with unique characteristics. In order for the Western readers to understand the cultural content in which the individuals function, Buck gives her Chinese characters enough typicality as a solid foundation for the Westerners to interpret their behaviors.It is not difficult for the reader to see how the Confucian doctrines and the social conditions concerning Chinese women are truthfully reflected in the novels herein analyzed. Therefore, different degrees of individualization of these characters result from differing themes of the novels in which they appear. / Department of English

Thesis (Ph. D. - Plant Sciences)--University of Arizona, 1988. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-81).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [239]-246).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, 1931. / Bibliography: leaves 301-324.