No description available.

The purpose of this study was to determine if age, gender, level of participation, onset of disability and sport classification have an impact on participation incentives (ego, fitness, social affective, social integration and task) in skiers with a disability. / One hundred seventy-seven individuals between the ages of 4 and 66 years participated. The participants were described according to gender, time of onset of disability (congenital Vs acquired), level of sport involvement (recreation, local competition, provincial competition, national competition and international competition), and sport classification (LW1-LW9, LW10-LW12, blind, deaf and other [i.e. autistic, Down's Syndrome]). All the participants were active members of the Canadian Association of Disabled Skiing (CADS). / The reasons for participation were evaluated using the Participation Reasons Scale (Brasile, 1988). MANOVA analysis indicated that significant relationships existed between age and individual items within the social affective and social integration incentive factors; gender and individual items within the ego incentive factor; level of participation and individual items within the ego, social affective, social integration and task incentive factors; onset of disability and individual items within the ego, social affective and social integration incentive factors; and sport classification and individual items within the social affective incentive factor. These results indicate that reasons for participation do differ among skiers with a disability and knowledge of these reasons may be important to be better able to design attractive and successful programs for the individual with a disability. These results are consistent with the Personal Investment Theory (Maehr and Braskamp, 1986) in that individuals will invest time and effort into physical activities that appeal to them and will be motivated by different aspects of the sport.

Graduate

Belief constructs appear to govern many aspects of life and may have an influence on coping with severe disability. This study investigated the extent to which coping with a stroke is identified by the belief constructs of just world, locus of control, attribution, and reformulated learned helplessness. The data were collected at a comprehensive rehabilitation center from thirty consenting stroke victims. The sample included 17 women and 12 men with a mean age of 64. The median number of days from the stroke to rehabilitation was 16. Twenty subjects had left hemiparesis and ten subjects had right hemiparesis.In addition to the belief-construct predictor variables, nature-of-stroke and demographic variables were collected during an initial evaluation. Demographic variables included sex, age, marital status, occupation, education, and recreation. Nature-of-stroke variables included period of time since stroke, diagnosis, severity, location, and aphasia as measured by the 'Aphasia Language Performance Scales' (Keenan & Brassell, 1975). The belief constructs were measured by the 'Just World Scale' (Rubin & Peplau, 1975), the 'Internal-External Locus of Control Scale" (Collins, 1974), and an adapted version of the 'Attribution Style Questionnaire' (Seligman, 1984). A coping measure was introduced as the criterion variable. It was administered 21 days following the initial evaluation and is based upon the ratings of the stroke victims' therapists. It includes a scale to more clearly define coping.The results of the study did not produce a clear definition of coping, although cognitive, emotional, and physical factors were evident. In addition, there was preliminary evidence of reliability and validity for measures of this construct. The linear composite of five variables was statistically significant (p < .01) and identified 56% of the variance in the coping measure. The significance of these variables suggests that successful coping is associated with older subjects who had passive premorbid recreation, were admitted relatively soon after their stroke, were rated as having a mild stroke, and made stable attributions about rehabilitation. The fact that one of the belief-construct variables (stability of attribution about rehabilitation) was significant, despite the small sample size, is encouraging and justifies further research in this area.

The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to examine the relationship between admission disability and length of stay obtained from the records of neurological and orthopedic acute rehabilitation adult inpatients. The research question was, "Is there a relationship between the admission disability and length of stay?" Orem's self-care theory was used as the framework of the study. The sample consisted of 118 records of patients dismissed from a freestanding midwestern rehabilitation hospital during July 1, 1996 to November 30, 1996. Admission disability was measured with the Functional Independence Measure (FIM'''*1) instrument that was available in the patient's record. Length of stay was the number of days in the rehabilitation facility. Motor disability was significantly and negatively correlated with length of stay (r= -0.249, p=.006). Implications for practice were discussed. / School of Nursing

The intent of this research was to determine whether a complete psychological test battery was needed to determine if an individual is capable of successful job placement. If the stated goal of rehabilitation is to produce a successful rehabilitant, perhaps one test, or one subtest, out of the entire psychological battery is as efficient a predictor of success as an entire psychological workup. Thus, more time, money, and manpower can be spent in the rehabilitative process.Success was defined as a client being offered services, accepting such services, completing employment that was in line with the training received and maintaining that employment for a six-month period.Failure was defined as a client completing the entire program of testing, accepting offered services and not completing a program of vocational training.Data for the study was collected from adults who had voluntarily come to regional offices of the Indiana Division of Vocational Rehabilitation between the years 1979 and 1982. Statistical analyses were done on 199 clients. Most of the 199 rehabilitants were given the following battery of tests: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Wide Range Achievement Test, Peabody Individual Achievement Test, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Self Directed Search or StrongCampbell Interest Inventory. It was decided not to use the Peabody Individual Achievement Test or the Strong Campbell Interest Inventory because they limited sample size.The psychometric data were all post hoc. They were analyzed by a Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and by Stepwise Regression. References were considered statistically significant at the .05 level. F at 1,200 degrees of freedom was 3.80.The Wide Range Achievement Test, subtest 4 (spelling grade level) was significant in best predicting success at the .05 level with an F score of 5.04524. The S scale (social interest) in the Self Directed Search was the next significant subtest in predicting success at the .05 level with an F score of 4.78224. The C scale (conventional) in the Self Directed Search was the next significant in best predicting success at the .05 level, with an F score of 6.17417. The best multiple predictors of success are subtest 4 of the WRAT (F, 4.956) combined with S (F, 10.900) and C (F, 8.588) scales of the SDS. The F level or tolerance level was insufficient for further computation.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 372-422). / Microfiche. / 2 v. (xiii, 422 p.), bound ill. 29 cm

This thesis aims to firstly, explore the effects that perceived age and ability have on person perception. Secondly to discover how these two constructs add to the theory on person perception, and thirdly to test a new methodological approach to the study of person perception. / Thesis (MPsy(Specialisation)--University of South Australia, 2003.

A central political and social debate confronting societies around the world concerns the form and content of social democracy. The collapse of communism, the advent of globalization, the transformation of the social experiences in life, and other profound social, political and economic changes, have all created a perceived need within social democratic circles to rethink the policies and theoretical thought of the left. Social democratic politics is thus in a state of critical self-reflection. More precisely, in Australia, pragmatic social democracy has faced profound challenges with the emergence both of neo-liberal models of society and policy, and with the development of third way social democracy which seeks to combine the social justice concerns of pragmatic social democracy with the market based economics of neo-liberalism. To explore the dynamic contests between these different approaches, this thesis provides a critical exploration of the actual and potential contributions that policies modeled on pragmatic and third way social democracy, and on neo-liberalism, make to the lives of people with disabilities. People with disabilities continue to be socially excluded in capitalist societies including Australia, the UK, and the US, and as a result a key challenge for social democratic approaches is how to increase the social inclusion of people with disabilities.