Wong Man-po. / Thesis (M. Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1980. / Bibliography: leaves 88-91.

King Cheung-lam. / Thesis (M. Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: leaves 81-91.

Forty-six constituents have been identified from an ethanol extract prepared from the aerial parts of Desmodium styracifolium, including seven triterpenes: lupeol (15), lupeone (16), olean-12-ene-3beta, 22beta-diol (sophoradiol) (19), olean-12-ene-3beta, 22beta, 24-triol (soyasapogenol B) (20), (23Z)-9, 19-cycloart-23-ene-3beta, 25-diol (21), (24R)-cycloart-25-ene-3beta, 24-diol (24a), and (24S)-cycloart-25-ene-3beta, 24-diol (24b); one triterpene saponin: 3-O-[alpha-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-beta-galactopyranosyl (1→2)-beta-glucuronopyranosyl] soyasapogenol B (soyasaponin I) (53); three phytosterols: beta-sitosterol (17), stigmasterol (18), and daucosterol (47); sixteen isoflavanones and O-glycosides: 5, 7-dihydroxy-2', 4'-dimethoxy-isofavanone (homoferreirin) (22), 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-2'-methoxy-isofavanone (isoferreirin) (23), (3R)-5, 7-dihydroxy-2', 3', 4'-trimethoxy-isoflavanone (25a), (3S)-5, 7-dihydroxy-2', 3', 4'-trimethoxy-isoflavanone (25b), (3R)-5, 7-dihydroxy-2'-methoxy-3', 4'-methylenedioxy-isoflavanone (26a), (3S)-5, 7-dihydroxy-2'-methoxy-3, 4'-methylenedioxy-isoflavanone (26b), 5, 7, 3'-trihydroxy-2', 4'-dimethoxy-isoflavanone (secundiflorol H) (40), 5, 7, 2', 4'-tetrahydroxy-isoflavanone (dalbergiodin) (41), 3, 5, 7, 4'-tetrahydroxy-2, 2'-epoxyisoflavanone (42), (3R)-5, 7-dihydroxy-2', 3', 4'-trimethoxy-isoflavanone 7-O-beta-glucopyranoside (48a), (3S)-5, 7-dihydroxy-2, 3', 4'-trimethoxy-isoflavanone 7-O-beta-glucopyranoside (48b), (3R)-5, 7-dihydroxy-2'-methoxy-3', 4'-methylenedioxy-isofavanone 7-O-beta-(glucopyranoside (49a). (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / In the present study, two medicinal plants were investigated for their organic constituents. Plant samples were extracted and purified by chromatographic separation using a combination of methods. Each compound isolated was characterized by spectroscopic and physical data. A number of new chemical structures were found. / The investigation has led to the isolation and structural elucidation of fourteen pure compounds from an ethanol extract prepared from the dried rhizomes of Alisa orientale, including three types of skeletons: protostane triterpene, guaiane sesquiterpene and phytosterol. They were identified to be beta-sitosterol (1), (17S)-3, 11-dioxo-23-nor protost-12-en-23 (17)-olide (2), alisol B 23-acetate (3), alismol ( 4), alismoxide (5), alisol B (6), alisol A (7), 25-O-methylalisol A (8), 25-anhydroalisol A 24-acetate (9), 25-anhydroalisol A (10), alisol E 23-acetate (11), daucosterol 6'-stearate (12), (20R, 23S, 24R)-23, 24, 25-trihydroxy-2, 3-seco protost-13 (17)-en-3-oic acid 2, 11beta-lactone (13), and 13beta, 17beta-epoxyalisol A (14). Among them, compound 2 was a new naturally occurring skeleton of 23-nor protostane triterpene, and compound 13 a new 2, 3-seco-protostane triterpene. / Zhao Ming. / "September 2005." / Adviser: Chun-Tao Che. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 3812. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 179-187). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Thesis (M Med (Pharmacology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2005.

Thesis (M.Sc. (Pharmacology)) -- Mahidol University, 1970.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, School of Physiology in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Medicine. Johannesburg, 2014 / Sedentary lifestyles and poor dietary choices are the major cause of the global increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic dysfunction in children. The high cost and limited access to conventional drugs by poor communities make them depend on ethnomedicines. Terminalia sericea (T. sericea) contains phytochemicals that give its extracts hypolipidaemic and hypoglycaemic properties hence its use in ethnomedicine to treat diabetes mellitus. Using weanling Wistar rat pups fed a high fructose diet to model growing children exposed to high-sugar diets, this study sought to evaluate the effects of aqueous T. sericea leaf extracts on their growth performance, glucose homeostasis, visceral morphometry and their general health profile. Forty 21-day old male Wistar pups were randomly allocated to five treatment regimens. Each group had ad libitum access to a commercially supplied rat chow. Group 1 pups were given plain drinking water and plain gelatine cubes, group 2: 12% fructose solution and plain gelatine cubes, group 3: 12% fructose solution and gelatine cubes containing fenofibrate at a dosage of 100 mg.kg-1 per day, group 4: 12% fructose solution and gelatine cubes with a low dose (100 mg.kg-1 per day) of the T. sericea extract and group 5: 12% fructose solution and gelatine cubes with a high dose (400 mg.kg-1 per day) of the T. sericea extract. The pups were maintained on the regimens for 12 weeks after which they under went an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting blood metabolite content was then determined after which the rats were killed and tissues collected for visceral morphometrical, linear growth and surrogate markers’ of health determinations. T. sericea extracts had no negative effect on growth performance (body mass and indexes of long bone growth) but rats given fenofibrate had lighter empty carcasses and shorter tibiae. vi The administration of T. sericea extracts neither improved glucose homeostasis nor caused derangement of glucose handling by rats given a high fructose diet following an oral glucose challenge. However, the administration of fenofibrate to rats given a high fructose diet resulted in decreased glucose handling following an oral glucose challenge. With the exception of the administration of fenofibrate which resulted in a significantly high (P < 0.05) fasting blood glucose concentration, treatment regimens had no effect on fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations. Rats given fructose with either plain gelatine cubes or low T. sericea dose had significantly higher (P < 0.05) liver lipid content compared with the control treatment. Administration of T. sericea extracts to rats given a high fructose diet had no effect on the GIT, other abdominal viscera and markers of general health. The administration of fenofibrate to rats given a high fructose diet caused increased relative mass of GIT organs (stomach, small intestine and caecum), increased absolute mass of other viscera (liver and kidney); increased serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase concentration. Results from the study revealed that administration of a high dose of aqueous T. sericea leaf extracts has potent phytochemicals properties that has helped to prevent high fructose diet-induced deposition of fat in the in the liver (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), without compromising growth, visceral morphometry and general health of growing Wistar rats.

by Cho Chi Shing. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references. / Acknowledgements --- p.I / Table of Contents --- p.II / Abbreviations --- p.VII / Aim and Scope of This Dissertation --- p.X / Abstract --- p.XII / Chapter Chapter One --- General Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- An Overview of the Immune System --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Humoral antibody immune responses --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Cell-mediated immune responses --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Immunomodulation --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- An Overview of the Anti-tumour Strategies --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Immunological defense mechanisms against tumours --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- T and B lymphocytes --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1.2 --- The monocytes/macrophages --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1.3 --- Non-specific killer cells --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Adoptive immunotherapy against tumours --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Induction of tumour cell differentiation --- p.12 / Chapter 1.4 --- Traditional Chinese Medicines as Potential Immunomodulators and Anti-tumour Agents --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5 --- General Properties of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter Two --- Materials and Methods --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Animals --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Astragalus membranaceus --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- "Buffers, culture media and chemicals" --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Cell lines --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2 --- Methods --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Extraction and fractionation of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Characterization of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- In vivo drug treatment --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Isolation and preparation of cells --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Assays for the immunomodulatory activities of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Assays for the immunorestorative properties of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.42 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Assays for the anti-tumour activities of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Statistical analysis --- p.47 / Chapter Chapter Three --- "Extraction, Fractionation and Characterization of Bioactive Components from Astragalus membranaceus" --- p.49 / Introduction --- p.49 / Results --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1 --- Extraction and Fractionation of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2 --- Lack of Cytotoxicity of A.M. to Mouse Splenocytes --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3 --- Mitogenic Effect of A.M. Fractions on Mouse Splenocytes --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4 --- AP and AI Fractions Did Not Exhibit Lectin-like Activity --- p.52 / Chapter 3.5 --- Heat Stability of AP and AI Fractions --- p.52 / Chapter 3.6 --- Chemical Destruction of the Mitogenic Activity of AI by Sodium Periodate But Not by Acetic Acid Treatment --- p.53 / Discussion --- p.54 / Chapter Chapter Four --- The Immunomodulatory Activities of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.63 / Introduction --- p.63 / Results --- p.65 / Chapter 4.1 --- Effect of Astragalus membranaceus on the Specific and Nonspecific Immunity --- p.65 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Mitogenic effect of AI on mouse splenocytes in vivo --- p.65 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Effect of AI on lymphocyte sub-populations --- p.66 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Co-mitogenic effect of AI on mouse splenocytes in vitro --- p.66 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- Enhancement of the mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation in vitro by oral administration of AI --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- Mitogenic and co-mitogenic effects of AI on human cord blood lymphocytes in vitro --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1.6 --- Primary humoral immune response to SRBC in AI-treated mice --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1.7 --- Effect of AI on interleukin-2 production --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1.8 --- Effect of AI on interleukin-2 receptor expression on mouse splenocytes --- p.69 / Chapter 4.1.9 --- Immunopotentiating effects of AI on macrophage functions --- p.70 / Chapter 4.1.9.1 --- Effect of AI on the cytostatic activity of macrophages in vitro --- p.70 / Chapter 4.1.9.2 --- In vivo migration and phagocytic activity of macrophages in AI-treated mice --- p.70 / Chapter 4.1.9.3 --- Cytostatic activity of macrophages in AI-treated mice --- p.71 / Chapter 4.1.9.4 --- Effect of AI on the Fc receptor expression on mouse resident peritoneal exudate cells --- p.71 / Chapter 4.2 --- Immunorestorative Properties of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Effect of AI on lymphocyte blastogenesis in aging mice --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Effect of AI on lymphocyte blastogenesis in tumour-bearing mice --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Effect of AI on lymphocyte blastogenesis in cyclophosphamide- treated mice --- p.73 / Discussion --- p.74 / Chapter Chapter Five --- The Anti-tumour Activities of Astragalus membranaceus --- p.94 / Introduction --- p.94 / Results --- p.95 / Chapter 5.1 --- Lack of Direct Cytotoxicity of AI to Murine and Human Tumour Cell Lines In Vitro --- p.95 / Chapter 5.2 --- Cytostatic Effect of AI on Various Murine and Human Cell Lines In Vitro --- p.96 / Chapter 5.3 --- Effect of AI on the Growth of Transplantable Tumour Cells In Vivo --- p.97 / Chapter 5.4 --- Effect of AI on TNF Production in Tumour-bearing Mice --- p.97 / Chapter 5.5 --- In Vitro Induction of Lymphokine-activated Killer Cell Activity by AI --- p.98 / Chapter 5.6 --- Tumour Cell Differentiation-inducing Activity of AI --- p.99 / Discussion --- p.100 / Chapter Chapter Six --- General Discussion and Future Perspectives --- p.120 / References --- p.130

by Chun Yiu-to. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: leaves 72-79.

by King Yeung Wong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-148). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Title Page --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.ii / List of Abbreviations --- p.iii / Table of contents --- p.v / Abstract --- p.viii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Liver diseases --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Current treatments of liver diseases --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Schizandrae --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Chemistry of Schizandrae (Wuweizi) --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Pharmacology of Wuweizi --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Hepato-protective effect of Wuweizi --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Toxicology and side-effects of Wuweizi --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4 --- Carbon tetrachloride (CC14) intoxication --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5 --- Hepatic drug metabolism: essential factors --- p.13 / Chapter 1.6 --- Aim --- p.14 / Chapter 2 --- Phase I metabolism --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Animals --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Chemicals --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Instruments --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Preparation of Schizandra seed extract --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Animal model of liver damages --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Evaluation of protective effect of Schizandra extract --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Evaluation of healing effect of Schizandra extract --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Extraction of antipyrine from blood and urine --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.9 --- TLC method for quantitative analysis of antipyrine --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.10 --- Analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrine --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.11 --- Statistical analysis --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Effect of CCI4 and Schizandra seed extract on antipyrine metabolism --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.41 / Chapter 3 --- Phase II metabolism --- p.44 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Chemicals --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Preparation of Schizandra extract --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Preparation of Salicylamide solution (for injection) --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Preparation of 2，4-dinitrophenylhydrazine solution --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Animal groups --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Animal model of liver damage --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Evaluation of the hepato-protective effect of Schizandra extract --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- Determination of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT/ALT) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT/AST) --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.9 --- Salicylamide adminstration and plasma collection --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.10 --- Procession of plasma and urine samples --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.11 --- HPLC Analysis --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.12 --- Preparation of liver microsomes --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2.13 --- Determination of cytochrome P450 --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2.14 --- Determination of protein content of the liver microsomes --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.15 --- Data Analysis --- p.58 / Chapter 3.2.16 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.58 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Liver enzyme levels --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Phase II metabolism profile of salicylamide --- p.61 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Cytochrome P450 content of liver --- p.64 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Liver enzyme assay --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Cytochrome P450 activity --- p.67 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Hepatic metabolism of salicylamide --- p.68 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Effect of CC14 intoxication on Phase II metabolism --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Wuweizi actions on Phase II metabolism --- p.73 / Chapter 4 --- Protein binding --- p.102 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.104 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Chemicals --- p.104 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Instruments --- p.105 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Preparation of Warfarin sodium solution --- p.105 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Animal groups --- p.106 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Equilibrium dialysis --- p.106 / Chapter 4.2.5.1 --- Equilibration time --- p.106 / Chapter 4.2.5.2 --- Equilibrium dialysis of different warfarin concentration --- p.107 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- High performance liquid chromatography analysis of warfarin --- p.108 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Calibration curve --- p.109 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.111 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Equilibriation time --- p.111 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Calibration curve --- p.111 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Free concentration of warfarin --- p.112 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.114 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Effect of CCl4 intoxication on free percentage of warfarin --- p.114 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effcct of wuweizi cxtract on free percentage of warfarin --- p.115 / Chapter 4.4.2.1 --- Depletion of plasma albumin concentration --- p.116 / Chapter 4.4.2.2 --- Displacement of warfarin by WWZ extract --- p.117 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Concentration dependent protein binding --- p.118 / Chapter 5 --- Hepatic blood flow --- p.124 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.124 / Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.126 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Chemicals....: --- p.126 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Instruments --- p.126 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Preparation of indocyanine green (ICG) solution --- p.126 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Preparation of Schizandra seed extract --- p.127 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Animals groups --- p.127 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Animal model of liver damage --- p.128 / Chapter 5.2.7 --- Evaluation of hepato-protective effect of Schizandra extract --- p.129 / Chapter 5.2.8 --- Evaluation of healing effect of Schizandra extract --- p.129 / Chapter 5.2.9 --- Quantitative analysis of ICG in plasma by UV spectroscopy --- p.130 / Chapter 5.2.10 --- Analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters of ICG --- p.131 / Chapter 5.2.11 --- Statistical analysis --- p.132 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results --- p.133 / Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.135 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Effect of CCl4 intoxication on hepatic blood flow --- p.135 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Effect of WWZ pretreatment on hepatic blood flow --- p.135 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Effect of WWZ healing on hepatic blood flow --- p.136 / Chapter 6 --- General conclusion --- p.139 / Significance of the study --- p.141 / References --- p.143

by Chan Po Wai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-117). / Table of Contents --- p.i / Abbreviations --- p.iv / Abstract --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.vii / List of Tables --- p.xi / Chapter Chapter One: --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Objective and scope of the project --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Literature review --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Balkan endemic nephropathy --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Chinese herbs nephropathy --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Aristolochic acid --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Guan-mu-tong --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.4.1 --- Plant --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.4.2 --- Traditional uses --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.4.3 --- Chemical constituents --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.4.4 --- Pharmacological study --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.4.5 --- Reported adverse cases --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Ma-dou-ling --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.5.1 --- Plant --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.5.2 --- Traditional uses --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2.5.3 --- Chemical constituents --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.5.4 --- Clinical and pharmacological studies --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.5.5 --- Reported adverse cases --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3 --- Chemical analysis --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4 --- Toxicology --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- Materials & Methods / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2 --- Methods --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- "Aqueous extraction of Guan-mu-tong and Ma-dou-ling for acute, subchronic and reproductive toxicity tests" --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Chemical analysis --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Assays for the toxicity --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.31 / Chapter 2.2.3.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.33 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- Results / Chapter 3.1 --- Chemical Analysis --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2 --- Toxicity of Guan-mu-tong --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3 --- Toxicity of Ma-dou-ling --- p.56 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.56 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.89 / Chapter Chapter Four: --- Discussion / Chapter 4.1 --- Chemical Analysis --- p.91 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.91 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.91 / Chapter 4.2 --- Toxicity of Guan-mu-tong --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.94 / Chapter 4.3 --- Toxicity of Ma-dou-ling --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.105 / Chapter Chapter Five: --- Conclusion --- p.107 / Bibliography --- p.110 / Appendix A: Procedure on determining the total urinary protein --- p.119 / Appendix B: Procedure on determining the total urinary glucose using Sigma diagnostic kits --- p.121 / Appendix C: Procedure on determining the activity of aspartate aminotransferase --- p.123 / Appendix D: Procedure on determining the activity of alanine aminotransferase --- p.124 / Appendix E: Procedure for preparing a calibration curve for the measurement of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities --- p.125 / Appendix F: Procedure on tissue preparation for light microscopic study --- p.128