<p>The subject of this thesis is teleoperation, and especially teleoperation with demanding time constraints due to significant dynamics inherent in the task. A comprehensive background is given, describing many aspects of teleoperation, from history and applications to operator interface hardware and relevant control theory concepts. Then follows a presentation of the research done by the author.</p><p>Two prototypical highly dynamic teleoperation tasks have been attempted: high speed driving, and ball catching. Systems have been developed for both, employing operator interfaces tailored to facilitate perception of the remote scene and including assistive features to promote successful task completion within the required time frame. Prediction of the state at the remote site as well as of operator action has been applied to address the problem of delays arising when using the Internet as the communication channel.</p> / <p>Detta arbete handlar om teleoperation, som skulle kunna översättas med fjärrstyrning, och speciellt sådan som ställer stränga tidskrav på grund av att uppgiftens natur inbegriper en avsevärd dynamik. Först ges en bred bakgrund där många aspekter av teleoperation belyses, från dess historia och användningsområden till hårdvara för användargränssnitt och relevant reglerteori. Sedan följer en presentation av författarens forskning på området.</p><p>Två prototypuppgifter har använts, som båda involverar snabba dynamiska förlopp: styrning av en mobil robot i hög hastighet och fångst av kastade bollar i luften. Teleoperationssystem har utvecklats för båda uppgifterna.</p><p>Användargränssnitt har skräddarsytts för att göra det lättare för operatören att uppfatta vad som händer med och omkring den styrda roboten, och aktiva hjälpmedel har byggts in för att ge större möjligheter att fullgöra uppgiften på tillgänglig tid. Modellering och prediktion av roboten och dess omgivning, men också av operatörens kommandon, har använts för att lösa de fördröjningsproblem som uppstår när internet används som kommunikationsmedium.</p> / Neurobotics

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The purpose of the present study was to examine whether an autism diagnosiscould be predicted by social interaction as measured by the Ghuman-Folstein Screen forSocial Interaction in conjunction with selected demographic variables (i.e., sex, age,ethnicity, mother's educational level, and socio-economic status). Univariate andbivariate analyses were conducted to explore each predictor variable and to explorepossible relationships between predictor variables and autism. Binary logistic regressionwas utilized to examine various models' ability to predict autism. The final model wasable to correctly identify 74% of the cases. The GF-SSI was the greatest predictor ofautism. The selected demographic variables were not significant predictors of autism.These results were discussed in relation to the literature on sex, age, ethnicity, maternaleducation and socio-economic status. Future directions for research were also discussed.

Gottfredson and Hirschi's A General Theory of Crime (1990) motivated much research on the concept of self-control and its relationship to crime, delinquency, and deviant behavior. Although researchers are aware of this theory's contribution to criminological research, some confusion about the exact nature of the relationship between self-control and criminal behavior (as specified by Gottfredson and Hirschi) remains. To clarify this relationship, the assumptions most vital to the theory are explained. One theorem derived from these assumptions regards the role of opportunity in deviant behavior. Gottfredson and Hirschi clearly posit opportunity as a necessary but not sufficient condition for criminal (and analogous non-criminal) behavior to occur. The precise role of opportunity in self-control theory, however, is somewhat unclear in Gottfredson and Hirschi's work. The present work clarifies this element of opportunity, searches for a measure of self-control that is opportunity free, and addresses the relationship between this type of measure and delinquent behavior using data from the National Youth Survey. The role of opportunity in this theory is clarified using gender differences in delinquent behavior as a tool for separating the components of opportunity. Using gender differences in several delinquent behaviors, the existence of the two components of opportunity (one inherent in the act and one inherent in the actor) is confirmed. After establishing these elements of opportunity, gender differences are used to facilitate the search for a measure of self-control that is distinct from both. This attitudinal measure raises the issue of the role of attitudes in Gottfredson and Hirschi's theory. The final analysis focuses on the relationships between attitudes (both children's and parent's) and children's delinquent behavior. Log-linear models are used to specify the structures of these relationships, which are complimentary to Gottfredson and Hirschi's assumptions regarding social norms, parental influence on children's value systems, and an individual's ability to engage in behaviors that they realize are inappropriate.

The purpose of this study was to determine if selected variables were significant predictors for the academic success or failure of Algebra I students. Two methods of data gathering were used in the study. The Student Attribution Inventory (SAI) was first administered to the classes during one class period. One hundred eighty-five students participated. Only two students could not because of a language barrier. The second method of data gathering was done by the researcher. First, a letter was sent home to the students' parents for permission to use the cumulative folders of their sons and daughters. Letters were collected daily by the teacher and weekly by the researcher. A follow-up letter was sent home several weeks later to those parents who had not previously responded. Once permission was granted, the researcher received the cumulative folders and obtained the necessary information. Out of 185 students, 110 were used in the study. Stepwise multiple regression was used for four of the eight hypotheses. These were tested at the .05 level of significance. This level of prediction was used to determine if selected variables were significant predictors for the academic success or failure of Algebra I students. The findings showed that achievement motivation (a resultant behavior of an emotional conflict between hopes for success and fears of failure), luck (external, unstable, unintentional factor which is related to the perceived randomness in events), and previous mathematics achievement (as measured by the California Achievement Test (CAT)), were the variables found to be statistically significant. Ability, previous reading achievement, and age were not entered into the regression equation by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) because of insufficient predictability. The remaining hypotheses employed t-tests as the statistical method of testing. These four hypotheses were also tested at the .05 level of significance. The results showed that neither sex differences nor ethnic groups were significant in prediction of Algebra I final grades and achievement motivation. Further research is necessary to increase the understanding of achievement motivation and luck in classroom situations, counseling sessions, and group dynamics.

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