Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-12-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:06:39Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dellaqua_cpf_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 1556422 bytes, checksum: 1d36e424398f8b56c6af3fc18521061c (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / As biotécnicas de refrigeração e congelação podem causar danos irreversíveis à célula espermática devido ao estresse gerado pela queda de temperatura ou, no caso da criopreservação, pela formação de cristais de gelo intracelulares. Estas alterações resultam na diminuição da longevidade do espermatozóide no trato reprodutor da fêmea e, conseqüentemente, na queda dos índices de fertilidade. Sabendo-se que as alterações das características espermática afetam a viabilidade do sêmen sobre as diferentes formas de preservação seminal e que garanhões de diferentes taxas de fertilidade nem sempre apresentam diferenças significativas nas análises seminais padrões, faz-se necessário uma análise mais específica da células espermática, como a avaliação de vários parametros funcionais em células individuais, o que possivelmente reduziria as incertezas inerentes a previsão da fertilidade na avaliação in vitro do sêmen. Para comprovação desta hipótese três experimentos foram realizados. No experimento 1 o objetivo foi identificar e avaliar as principais modificações ocorridas nas características morfofuncionais do sêmen equino estocado a temperatura ambiente (18-22ºC) por um período de 12 horas. No experimento 2 o objetivo foi verificar a possibilidade de modular estas alterações através de duas temperaturas de refrigeração (5ºC e 15ºC), e, no experimento 3, o objetivo foi avaliar e verificar a relação destas alterações com os índices de fertilidade em sêmen congelado. Para os experimentos 1 e 2, três ejaculados de seis diferentes garanhões foram avaliados quanto a cinética espermática através da análise computadorizada do movimento espermático; para a avaliação morfofuncional foram avaliadas a integridade das membranas plasmática... / Cooling and freezing can cause irreversible damage to sperm cells due to the stress generated by the decrease in temperature or, in the case of cryopreservation, the formation of intracellular ice crystals. These changes result in decreased longevity of sperm in the female reproductive tract and, consequently, a decrease in fertility rates. The changes in sperm characteristics affect the viability of the semen, and these changes vary based on the different preservation techniques used to preserve the semen from different stallions. In addition, fertility rates do not always show significant differences in semen analysis patterns. Therefore, a more specific analysis of sperm cells is necessary. This analysis should include a functional assessment of multiple parameters in individual cells, which might reduce uncertainties in the prediction of fertility based on the in vitro evaluation of semen. To test this hypothesis, three experiments were performed. In experiment 1, the objective was to identify and assess the main characteristic morph functional changes in equine semen that is stored at room temperature (18-22°C) for a period of 12 hours. In experiment 2, the objective was to determine the possibility of modulating these changes using two refrigeration temperatures (5°C and 15°C). In experiment 3, the objective was to evaluate and compare the influence of these changes on fertility rates between semen at various temperatures and in frozen semen. For experiments 1 and 2, the sperm kinetics of three different ejaculates from six stallions were evaluated using a computerized analysis of sperm motility. For morphological and functional assessments, the following parameters were evaluated: plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, rate of DNA fragmentation, caspase activation and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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abstract: Preservation Symphony is a short, multi-movement, orchestral composition that explores the versatility of the [016] pitch class set as the dominant unifying force of this cyclical work. The composition is scored for Piccolo, two Flutes, two Oboes, English Horn, two Clarinets, Bass Clarinet, full complement of Brass, Timpani, two Percussionists, and Strings. Movement one is in sonata form; the [016] set is used in structuring its overall formal scheme. The primary focus of the movement is on the tritone [0 6] as a replacement for the traditional tonic and dominant polarity. The movement features a driving force that alternates between pulse subdivisions of even sixteenth notes and sixteenth-note triplets. Movement two is in simple binary form with a central tonality of A. An English Horn solo functions as both the opening of the movement and a transition from the tonality of movement one (F) into the new tonal center of A. The unifying pitch class set [016] is used in this movement in a Phrygian context. Movement two has a contemplative and dark tone, which is in stark contrast to the outer movements. Movement three has a lighter, upbeat nature. The movement is in rondo form with its main theme written in a folk-like character. This movement returns to F as the central tonality, completing the overall tonal plan of the work. As in movement one, it explores the tritone polarity of F and B. The movement also revisits the chromatic mediant relationship found in the middle of movement two in the oboes. The pitch class set is now used in the context of a Lydian-Mixolydian (or acoustic) scale, from which both the central and secondary themes of the rondo are derived. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.M. Composition 2014

A ampliação da noção de patrimônio cultural e a consequente inserção da problemática urbana no debate patrimonial ocorre sobretudo a partir dos anos 1970, processo este já consolidado pela bibliografia, destacando-se aí o conceito de patrimônio ambiental urbano. Reconhecendo este processo, esta tese analisa a preservação do patrimônio daí decorrente, que se firmou em torno de três eixos: a questão urbana, o meio-ambiente e a cidadania. Considera que a complexidade da prática preservacionista impõe o estudo da interface da preservação com a gestão urbana e das relações entre teoria e ação, problematizando a própria prática. Especialmente, procura historicizar, problematizar e refletir sobre as práticas do órgão preservacionista estadual, o CONDEPHAAT, a partir deste contexto, em processos de estudo de tombamento de bairros e regulamentação de áreas envoltórias na cidade de São Paulo. Fundamentalmente, procura mostrar como os casos escolhidos avançaram em um novo modo de se pensar o patrimônio, pelo fato de incluírem na discussão sobre a preservação o tema da qualidade de vida e a participação da sociedade civil no processo. Trata-se de uma discussão que inclui também o patrimônio como um direito social à memória. / The extension of the notion of cultural heritage and the consequent inclusion of the urban dilemma in the heritage related debates occur mainly from the seventieth years. This process has been already consolidated by the doctrine, being emphasized the concept of urban environmental heritage. Also recognizing such process, this thesis analyses the preservation and conservation of the heritage, which has been studied by three lines: the urban dilemma, the environment, and the citizenship. It is considered that the complexity of the preservative experiences imposes the analysis of the relationship between the preservation and the urban management and between theory and practice. From this context, this thesis specially intends to discuss the history and the problems of the experiences of the estate institution of preservation CONDEPHAAT -, from the analysis of the procedures of listed districts and regulation of surrounding areas of Sao Paulo city. Finally, this thesis intends to demonstrate how the chosen cases moved on to a new way to think heritage, by the reason of including in the discussion the issue of quality of life and participation of the civil society. This discussion also includes the heritage as social right to the memory.

The Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor muscles of chicken were given substerilizing doses of ɤ-irradiation at varying times post-slaughter and the pH, shear force, fragmentation, and color were evaluated. pH measurements in an iodoacetate slurry showed that doses up to 300,000 rads administered at ⅕ or 5 hours post-mortem had no effect on either rate of pH fall or final pH. Irradiation at 2, 5t or 12 hours did not change the final pH taken at 48 hours post-mortem. Excised P. major muscles cooked by boiling between aluminium plates required more shear force at the posterior portion than at the anterior. Irradiation dose levels from 30,000 to 300,000 rads on P. major increased shear resistance over unirradiated muscles. The earlier the time of application (2, 5 and 12 hours post-slaughter) the greater the increase in toughness when measured at 60 hours post-slaughter. The 300,000 rad dose at 12 hours, given after attainment of maximum inextensibility and relaxation of isometric tension, still produced a significant loss in tenderness. The irradiation generally reduced the degree of myofibrillar fragmentation after a standardized blending treatment, although the decrease was not always significant. Pasteurizing irradiation produced a pink color in raw muscle stored aerobically for 55 hours that increased with dose. Peaks typical of an oxymyoglobin-like compound emerged and the dominant wavelength was shifted toward longer wavelengths by 4 nm. After cooking there was no visible color difference between irradiated and control muscles. Correlations between these parameters on control muscles indicated that the pH decline was positively correlated to shear force, although not of high value. The fragmentation ratios were not significantly correlated with shear force. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

The effect of pasteurizing dose levels of irradiation on the lipid and protein fractions of raw bovine muscle was studied by chemical amalysis and taste panel evaluation. The following storage conditions were evaluated: (a) Long term anaerobic storage at 39°F (b) Short term aerobic storage at 39°F (c) Frozen storage at -10°F (d) Cooking and short term aerobic storage at 39°F. Free fatty acid content increased with time of storage at 39°F. Irradiation with 1 Mrad of γ irradiation depressed free fatty acid development. During frozen storage the unirradiated sample was significantly higher in free fatty acids than the irradiated samples (0.1 Mrad and 0.5 Mrad). The quantity of phospholipid was reduced by both aerobic and anaerobic storage but no significant difference was evident between irradiated and unirradiated samples. The formation of free amino acids during storage was retarded by irradiation. A significant difference in flavour between control samples and those which received 0.5 Mrad of irradiation was found consistently by taste panel evaluation. The flavour difference resulted from characteristic irradiation odour. Rancid flavours were not detected by the panel. Thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBRS) increased during short term aerobic storage, however a significant difference did not exist between irradiated and unirradiated samples. During long term anaerobic storage the TBRS of irradiated samples increased faster than that of unirradiated samples, but the difference was relatively small. During frozen storage TBRS increased in direct proportion to the level of irradiation. Aerobic storage of cooked meat at 39°F resulted in a rapid increase of TBRS but the level was not affected by irradiation. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

What are the thoughts of individuals regarding the proposed retirement fund reform? Has rising levels of debt in South African households begun to eat into our future retirement savings? This paper walks through South Africa’s retirement fund history, taking us to the present day’s retirement fund reform proposals, notably compulsory preservation funding, before describing the low savings and high debt environment which also provides challenges for policy makers.The high cost of not preserving retirement benefits is shown and contrasted to retirement fund costs. Stakeholders are considered before the description of individual attitudes, views and opinions takes place. Finally the association between the presence of debt and past actions and future desires relating to the use of retirement fund monies when changing jobs is shown. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (PhD (Food Science))--University of Pretoria, 2001. / Food Science / unrestricted

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