Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-06-02T14:30:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 469628 Texto Completo.pdf: 931195 bytes, checksum: c7c8e9f4562e06942a014716c371b8d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-02T14:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 469628 Texto Completo.pdf: 931195 bytes, checksum: c7c8e9f4562e06942a014716c371b8d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This thesis aims to analyze the dichotomy between fact and value. The separation of the merely factual-objective of which is evaluative-subjective is the result of a historical progression based on a number of theories that oppose each other, going back to the clash between Descartes and Hume (rationalism and empiricism). However, this dichotomy is criticized by Hilary Putnam, who defends the existence of an entanglement of facts and values. In this sense, will seek to demonstrate the danger to defend the ideal of a science free of ethical and social values. The second chapter, in order to demonstrate a more tangible way the entanglement between facts and values, is dedicated to an evaluation conducted on the unsustainability of the dichotomy fact - value in the economy. It is proposed to evaluate the work of Amartya Sen, Indian philosopher and economist who has devoted his career to the affirmation of the economy also as a human science that deals with complex ethical factors which can not be reduced simply to numbers and statistics.Sen defends the possibility of a welfare economy and, therefore, proposes a rereading of "classical economics", adding that it would have been an ethical impoverishment due to its overly linked to mathematical reason structure and focus on individual interest. Seeking a solution that would avoid utilitarianism, Sen developed the theory of capabilities, which proposes to consider the interpersonal comparisons of "utility." Thus, we intend to address the issue of the fact-value dichotomy, based on the thought of Putnam and Sen, pointing out the possible consequences that the arguments raised generate for philosophical perception of political science, and notions of reason applicable to normative issues. / A presente disserta??o busca analisar a dicotomia entre fato e valor. A separa??o do que ? meramente f?tico-objetivo do que ? valorativo-subjetivo ? resultado de uma progress?o hist?rica fundada numa s?rie de teorias que se op?em entre si, remontando ao embate entre Descartes e Hume (racionalismo e empirismo). Contudo, esta dicotomia ? criticada por Hilary Putnam, que defende a exist?ncia de um entrela?amento de fatos e valores. Nesse sentido, buscar-se-?, no primeiro cap?tulo do trabalho, demonstrar o perigo de se defender o ideal de uma ci?ncia livre de valores ?ticos e sociais. O cap?tulo seguinte, buscando demonstrar de modo mais tang?vel o entrela?amento entre fato e valor, ? dedicado a uma avalia??o aplicada, relativa ? insustentabilidade da referida dicotomia no campo da economia.Para isso, prop?e-se avaliar alguns aspectos da obra de Amartya Sen, fil?sofo e economista indiano que dedicou sua carreira ? afirma??o da economia tamb?m como ci?ncia humana que lida com fatores ?ticos complexos, que n?o podem ser reduzidos a n?meros e estat?sticas. Sen defende a possibilidade de uma economia de bemestar e, para isso, prop?e uma releitura da ?teoria econ?mica cl?ssica?, aduzindo que ela teria sofrido empobrecimento ?tico decorrente da sua estrutura excessivamente ligada ? raz?o matem?tica e ao foco no interesse individual. Buscando uma solu??o que evitasse o utilitarismo, Sen desenvolveu a teoria das capacidades, na qual se prop?e a considerar as compara??es interpessoais de ?utilidade?. A partir dessas discuss?es, pretendemos abordar o tema da dicotomia fato-valor com base no pensamento de Putnam e Sen, apontando as poss?veis consequ?ncias geradas pelos argumentos levantados ? percep??o filos?fica das ci?ncias pol?ticas, e ?s no??es de raz?o aplic?veis ?s quest?es normativas.