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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Farelo de crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hoechst) na alimenta??o de cordeiros

Moreira, Kariny Ferreira 12 August 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Alexandre Soares (alexandredesoares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-25T13:32:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 kariny_ferreira_moreira.pdf: 704247 bytes, checksum: 3674bfe36cc3e9be9a82f1bbfa71c745 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-09-08T18:43:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 kariny_ferreira_moreira.pdf: 704247 bytes, checksum: 3674bfe36cc3e9be9a82f1bbfa71c745 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T18:43:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 kariny_ferreira_moreira.pdf: 704247 bytes, checksum: 3674bfe36cc3e9be9a82f1bbfa71c745 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A busca por alimentos alternativos dentro da nutri??o animal tem crescido bastante em virtude da demanda por alimentos vi?veis economicamente e oferta de coprodutos agroind?strias. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar a substitui??o, em n?veis crescentes: 0, 25, 50, 75% da prote?na do concentrado pela prote?na bruta oriunda do farelo de crambe em dietas destinadas a cordeiros confinados. Durante todo per?odo experimental os animais receberam dietas contendo 50% de volumoso e 50% de concentrado. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos SRD, n?o castrados, com idade m?dia inicial de quatro meses e peso vivo m?dio inicial de 17,50?3,90 kg distribu?dos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis repeti??es por tratamento confinados individualmente. Os animais foram pesados para avalia??o de ganho de peso (GP), ganho m?dio di?rio (GMD), efici?ncia alimentar (EA) e convers?o alimentar (CA) havendo controle di?rio de consumo individual. Em rela??o aos fatores antinutricionais causados pelos glicosinolato coletou-se amostras de sangue a cada 15 dias para avaliar os poss?veis efeitos hep?ticos atrav?s da enzimas alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e para determina??o de nitrog?nio ur?ico s?rico. Foi realizado ensaio de cinco dias em que se avaliou-se a digestibilidade aparente total atrav?s de coleta total de fezes e consumo de nutrientes. Foram realizadas coletas spot de urina para a determina??o dos derivados de purina, efici?ncia de s?ntese de prote?na microbiana, teor de nitrog?nio ur?ico da urina e balan?o de nitrog?nio. Todos os ingredientes da dieta, sobras e fezes foram submetidos ?s an?lises para quantifica??o dos componentes nutricionais. Os resultados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e estudo de regress?o adotando-se o n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%, utilizando-se o programa SAS. N?o foi observado efeito dos n?veis de farelo de crambe nas dietas para ganho m?dio di?rio, efici?ncia alimentar e convers?o alimentar. Houve efeito linear decrescente em kg.dia-1 para o consumo de MS, MO, PB e CNFcp. N?o houve efeito das dietas para digestibilidade aparente da MS, MO, PB, FDNcp EE, CNFcp e CHOT. Verificou-se efeito linear crescente para os valores de efici?ncia de s?ntese microbiana em gPBmic.100gNDT-1consumido. N?o houve altera??o da atividade das enzimas hep?ticas AST e ALT. Para realizar as an?lises econ?mico-financeiras foram considerados o perfil tecnol?gico, indicadores de tamanho, indicadores zoot?cnicos e indicadores econ?micos dos sistemas de produ??o associados a diferentes estrat?gias nutricionais. Foram utilizados os dados de desempenho do presente estudo sendo consideradas as estruturas de avalia??o de custos de produ??o em custo efetivo, custo operacional total, custo total, margem bruta, margem l?quida, lucro e a taxa de retorno do capital investido. Contudo estrat?gia nutricional com inclus?o de 25% de PB do farelo de crambe (25FC) proporcionou maior n?mero de ciclos de termina??o por ano culminando em maior n?mero de animais vendidos. Verificou-se que a estrat?gia nutricionaal com inclus?o de 75% de PB do farelo de crambe (75FC) foi respons?vel pelo menor custo com a alimenta??o dos animais sendo ambas as estrat?gias 25FC e 75FC as mais rent?veis apresentando maiores valores da taxa de retorno do capital investido de 13,57% e 17,84% respectivamente. Todas as estrat?gias alimentares proporcionaram margem bruta e l?quida positiva, com m?dia de R$54326,60 ao ano e R$39643,54 ao ano, respectivamente. Pode-se concluir que o farelo de crambe, oriundo da produ??o de biodiesel, pode ser utilizado como alimento alternativo prot?ico podendo substituir em at? 75% da PB do concentrado da dieta por n?o interferir nas vari?veis de desempenho produtivo e na efici?ncia de s?ntese de prote?na microbiana apesar de causar a redu??o no consumo de MS e PB. Da mesma maneira, o aumento do consumo de glicosinolato, presente do farelo de crambe n?o causou aumento nas enzimas hep?ticas AST e ALT. A utiliza??o de at? 75% de substitui??o da prote?na do concentrado oriunda do farelo de crambe na produ??o de cordeiros de corte ? economicamente vi?vel permitindo a viabilidade da atividade em curto e ou longo prazo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / The search for alternative food in animal nutrition has grown considerably due to economically viable food supply demand, and offer of agro-industries co-products. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the replacement, at increasing levels: 0, 25, 50, 75% of feed concentrate protein, for crude protein derived from the crambe meal in diets designed to lambs. Throughout the trial period, animals were fed with a diet containing 50% roughage, and 50% concentrate. They were used 24 lambs, male not castratedbwith initial age of four months, and average body weight of 17.50 ? 3.90kg, distributed in a completely randomized design, composed with six replicates per treatment confined individually.The animals were weighed for further evaluation of weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (EA), and feed conversion (FC) with daily control of individual consumption. Regarding antinutritional glucosinolates factors, blood samples were collected on taken every 15 days to avaluate the possible effects caused by the liver, through the enzymes measured glucosinate aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) for determination of serum urea nitrogen. It was carried out apparent total digestibility assay, during five consecutive days, total and individual fecal where collected. Spot urine collections, for the purine derivatives determination, microbial protein synthesis efficiency, urea nitrogen and nitrogen balance. The results were submitted to analysis of variance compared by regression adopting the significance level of 5% using the SAS program. There was no effect of crambe meal levels in the diets for daily mean gain, feed efficiency, and feed conversion. A decreasing linear effect kg day-1 in DM, OM, CP, and CNFcp intake. There was increasing linear effect for microbial synthesis efficiency values at gPBmic.100gNDT-1 intake. There was no change in liver enzyme AST and ALT activity. To conduct the economic and financial analyzes, were considered the technological profile, size indicators, zootechnical indicators, and economic indicators of different feeding strategies. production costs for Structural Assessment in cost effective, total operating cost, total cost, gross margin, net margin, profit, and the rate of return on invested capital were considered. However, nutrional strategy with the inclusion of 25% CP crambe meal (25FC) provided a greater number of production cycle per year, culminating in more animals. It was found that the nutritional strategy with inclusion of 75% CP crambe meal most cost effective, and with greater values of capital invested return rate, 13.57%, and 17.84%, respectively. All food strategies provided positive gross and net margin, avering R$ 54,326.60 per annum and R$ 39,643.54 per annum respectively. It can be concluded that crambe meal, derived from biodiesel production, can be used as an alternative food protein, and can replace up to 75% protein diet not interfer in the productive performance, and in microbial protein synthesis efficiency despite to cause a reduction in the consumption of DM, and CP. Likewise, increasing glucosinate, coming from the crambe meal didn?t cause animals no increase in liver enzymes AST and ALT within studied levels. The use of 75% replacement of the concentrated protein derived with crambe mealbran the production cutting is economically viable enabling the viability in the short or long-term activity.

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