Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-04-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:14:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 feres_fc_me_araca.pdf: 219812 bytes, checksum: 1f1fed7d532991a23b940dd724388339 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Foram coletadas 460 amostras de fezes de cordeiros com até 30 dias de vida com o objetivo de determinar a ocorrência de Cryptosporidium na região de Araçatuba, assim como as espécies envolvidas nesta parasitose. Realizou-se análise microscópica pela técnica de coloração negativa com verde malaquita em todas as amostras de fezes. Para a identificação molecular de Cryptosporidium, nas amostras positivas à microscopia, utilizou-se a reação de nested PCR, com amplificação de fragmentos da subunidade 18S do gene do RNA ribossômico ou do gene da actina. Encontraram-se 6,73% dos animais eliminando oocistos de Cryptosporidium nas fezes. A espécie e genótipo envolvidos foram: Cryptosporidium parvum e genótipo cervídeo que representam potencial zoonótico e Cryptosporidium parvum tipo B. Foram coletadas também 191 amostras de sangue de cordeiros com até 30 dias de vida com o objetivo de determinar as concentrações séricas de imunoglobulina G, PT, γ globulina, GGT e FA, assim como determinar a associação entre estas variáveis. Foi avaliada se a atividade sérica das enzimas GGT e FA pode ser utilizada indiretamente como indicadora de transferência de imunidade passiva. Para tanto, foram realizados os testes de imunodifusão radial, espectrofotometria e eletroforese respectivamente. Para os valores de GGT e FA, foram utilizados kits comerciais. Houve correlação estatística significativa entre a FA e GGT; fato também observado com relação a PT, a IgG e a GGT. A γ globulina mostrou-se correlacionada com GGT, IgG e PT. A atividade de FA demonstrou-se ineficaz para uso como indicadora de transferência de imunidade passiva. / A total of 460 fecal samples were collected from lambs during the first 30 days of life with the aim to determine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium in Araçatuba region, as well as to identify species involved in this parasitism. Microscopic analysis of feces was carried out using malachite green negative stain. Cryptosporidium positive samples were subjective to a nested PCR, with amplification of fragments of the subunity 18S of the gene of the ribossomic RNA or the gene of the actin. In this study 6.73% of animals were eliminating oocists of Cryptosporidium in their feces. The involved species and genotype were: Cryptosporidium parvum and cervide genotype, which represent a zoonotic potential and Cryptosporidium parvum type B. Blood samples (191) were collected from lambs that were up to 30 days old to determine the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G, TP, γ globulin, GGT and ALP, as well as to determine the association between these variables. This was done in order to explore the possibility of using changes in activities of GGT e ALP as indirect indicators of immune passive transfer in lambs The following tests were perfomed: radial immunodiffusion, spectrophotometry and electrophoresis respectively. GGT and ALP values were determinate using commercial kits. There was a statistically significant correlation between ALP and GGT. The same correlation was observed from TP, IgG and GGT. A positive γ globulin correlation was found between GGT, IgG and TP. ALP activity cannot be used as an indicator of immune passive transfer.

Typescript, etc.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1944 R5 / Master of Science

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Orientador: Francisco Leydson Formiga Feitosa / Banca: Luiz Cláudio Nogueira Martins / Banca: Maurício Garcia / Resumo: Foram coletadas 460 amostras de fezes de cordeiros com até 30 dias de vida com o objetivo de determinar a ocorrência de Cryptosporidium na região de Araçatuba, assim como as espécies envolvidas nesta parasitose. Realizou-se análise microscópica pela técnica de coloração negativa com verde malaquita em todas as amostras de fezes. Para a identificação molecular de Cryptosporidium, nas amostras positivas à microscopia, utilizou-se a reação de nested PCR, com amplificação de fragmentos da subunidade 18S do gene do RNA ribossômico ou do gene da actina. Encontraram-se 6,73% dos animais eliminando oocistos de Cryptosporidium nas fezes. A espécie e genótipo envolvidos foram: Cryptosporidium parvum e genótipo cervídeo que representam potencial zoonótico e Cryptosporidium parvum tipo B. Foram coletadas também 191 amostras de sangue de cordeiros com até 30 dias de vida com o objetivo de determinar as concentrações séricas de imunoglobulina G, PT, γ globulina, GGT e FA, assim como determinar a associação entre estas variáveis. Foi avaliada se a atividade sérica das enzimas GGT e FA pode ser utilizada indiretamente como indicadora de transferência de imunidade passiva. Para tanto, foram realizados os testes de imunodifusão radial, espectrofotometria e eletroforese respectivamente. Para os valores de GGT e FA, foram utilizados kits comerciais. Houve correlação estatística significativa entre a FA e GGT; fato também observado com relação a PT, a IgG e a GGT. A γ globulina mostrou-se correlacionada com GGT, IgG e PT. A atividade de FA demonstrou-se ineficaz para uso como indicadora de transferência de imunidade passiva. / Abstract: A total of 460 fecal samples were collected from lambs during the first 30 days of life with the aim to determine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium in Araçatuba region, as well as to identify species involved in this parasitism. Microscopic analysis of feces was carried out using malachite green negative stain. Cryptosporidium positive samples were subjective to a nested PCR, with amplification of fragments of the subunity 18S of the gene of the ribossomic RNA or the gene of the actin. In this study 6.73% of animals were eliminating oocists of Cryptosporidium in their feces. The involved species and genotype were: Cryptosporidium parvum and cervide genotype, which represent a zoonotic potential and Cryptosporidium parvum type B. Blood samples (191) were collected from lambs that were up to 30 days old to determine the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G, TP, γ globulin, GGT and ALP, as well as to determine the association between these variables. This was done in order to explore the possibility of using changes in activities of GGT e ALP as indirect indicators of immune passive transfer in lambs The following tests were perfomed: radial immunodiffusion, spectrophotometry and electrophoresis respectively. GGT and ALP values were determinate using commercial kits. There was a statistically significant correlation between ALP and GGT. The same correlation was observed from TP, IgG and GGT. A positive γ globulin correlation was found between GGT, IgG and TP. ALP activity cannot be used as an indicator of immune passive transfer. / Mestre

An analysis of Glycine max homologs of the symbiosis genes DOES NOT MAKE INFECTIONS (DMI) DMI1, DMI2 and DMI3 was carried out as it relates to the defense response to Heterodera glycines parasitism. Transgenic analyses of the DMI1, DMI2 and DMI3 for overexpression showed decreased H. glycines parasitism while the analyses for RNAi showed increased H. glycines parasitism. The combination of decreased parasitism in the H. glycines-susceptible genotype G. max [Williams 82/PI 518671] and increased parasitism in the H. glycines resistant genotype G. max [Peking/PI 548402] is taken as the genes function in the defense process at some level. Prior analyses have shown that mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) function in the defense response that has to H. glycines. A preliminary RNA seq analysis of MAPK3-1 and MAPK3-2 overexpressing roots reveal increased relative transcript abundance of DMI3, but only in the MAPK3-1 overexpressing roots. Additionally, examination of the expression profiles of two G. max MAPK3-1 and MAPK3-2 showed that their relative transcript abundances in some cases are influenced by DMI1, DMI2 and DMI3 expression. Taken together, the results show that the G. max DMI1, DMI2 and DMI3 function in the defense response to H. glycines and appear to involve MAPKs.

No description available.

Mammals usually develop immunity to gastrointestinal nematode parasites. However, during late pregnancy and lactation, this immunity often breaks down, resulting in elevated levels of parasitism. This periparturient relaxation of immunity (PPRI) renders lactating hosts main sources of infection for their parasite-naïve offspring, and may have a nutritional basis. Results of studies on parasitized hosts suggest that both crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) supply may be important in regulating the degree of PPRI by affecting the immune response towards parasites. However there is a scarcity of data supporting such a role for ME in periparturient hosts, while there is sufficient evidence to support the view that CP in general, and amino acids are potent immunonutrients in various disease states (Chapter 1). In the first experiment (Chapter 2) I seperated effects of CP and ME on PPRI by feeding parasitized lactating rats at two levels of ME supply and one of three levels of CP supply. The results show that PPRI is sensitive to CP scarcity, and not to moderate ME scarcity. Increasing CP supply improved lactational performance and reduced PPRI, as observed by reduced worm burdens. In the second experiment (Chapter 3) I examined the rate at which improved nutrition can restore immunity by feeding low protein diets to rats nursing high number of pups, and then reduced litter size in a sub-group so that host nutritional status would change from scarce to adequate. The egg production of the parasite population of the latter group reduced within days to similarly low levels as rats that had always reared low number of pups and this was associated with an increased number of musosal mast cells and increased dam weight gain. Since host responses to dietary CP are almost by ii definition responses to essential amino acids, the third experiment assessed the sensitivity of PPRI to methionine and leucine deficiency (Chapter 4). The latter resulted in increased worm burdens and egg production to similar levels when low protein diets are fed and imposed penalties in lactational performance. Finally, in the fourth experiment it was investigated whether similar outcomes can be expected in periparturient ruminant hosts by supplementing sheep with field beans, which are deficient in methionine, instead of soybean meal (Chapter 5). Indeed, feeding high protein diets based on field beans was less effective in reducing the worm egg excretion and improving lactational performance. The data from this thesis (Chapter 6) provide novel information on the nutritional basis of PPRI, showing that the latter can be rapidly reduced through improved protein nutrition. This may be seen as a response to the protein quality of the diet and the supply of amino acids in optimum quantities. These results have implications for parasite control strategies in farm animals.