Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin, School of Nursing. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1993. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-47).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2006. / Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing. Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2005. / "May 2005." Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-33). Also issued on the Internet.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between early perceptions of parent-child relations, as measured by the Roe and Siegelman Parent-Child Relations Questionnaire (PCR), and the occupational orientation of the child, as measured by the Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB).

A asma e a doenca respiratoria cronica de maior ocorrencia no Brasil. Em criancas menores de cinco anos ainda nao e possivel diagnostica-la, mas alguns sintomas, tais como crises de sibilancia, sao indicativos de que estas criancas podem desenvolver asma. A presenca de problemas cronicos de saude na infancia pode representar um importante fator de mediacao da qualidade da interacao cuidador-crianca, pois a rotina da familia e marcada por permanentes cuidados. A Psicologia, neste contexto, pode contribuir por meio do desenvolvimento e implementacao de intervencoes preventivas que ajudem estas familias a enfrentar os eventos estressores influenciados por essa condicao. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de um programa de orientacao parental, com enfoque preventivo para problemas de comportamento infantis, sobre as praticas educativas empregadas por cuidadores cujas criancas apresentavam crises de sibilancia. Foram participantes 19 pais, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Tratamento (GT), composto de oito pais, e Grupo Comparacao (GC), constituido de onze pais. Os participantes foram recrutados em quatro locais de assistencia a saude infantil no municipio de Sao Paulo/SP e foram abordados para participar da pesquisa pessoalmente, por contato telefonico ou por cartas enviadas pelo correio. Os instrumentos de avaliacao utilizados foram: Adult Self-Report (ASR); Inventario de Comportamentos para Criancas entre 1 . a 5 anos (CBCL/1.-5) e Roteiro de Entrevista de Habilidades Sociais Educativas Parentais (RE-HSE-P). O GT participou do Programa de Orientacao Parental (POP); ambos os grupos foram avaliados em dois momentos: pre e pos-intervencao; os participantes do GC receberam orientacoes pontuais apos o termino da intervencao com o GT. O POP foi estruturado em 10 sessoes, semanais, de 90 minutos cada. Os resultados indicaram que os participantes apresentaram escores elevados para problemas de comportamento (ASR), especificamente do tipo internalizante, sendo que os pais do GT apresentaram mais escores considerados clinicos do que os do GC; os pais de ambos os grupos reportaram escores elevados de problemas de comportamento em seus filhos (CBCL), principalmente do tipo internalizante, observando-se uma reducao destes escores na avalicao pos-intervencao na comparacao dos grupos com eles mesmos e nao entre os grupos. Os cuidadores participantes do POP apresentaram melhora das habilidades educativas nos aspectos positivos da interacao, condicao que nao foi notada no GC, pois dentre estes participantes os escores permaneceram estaveis, sendo que tal melhora foi estatisticamente significativa nas habilidades sociais educativas (p = 0,043). Nos aspectos negativos da interacao, o GT apresentou diminuicao estatisticamente significativa no uso de praticas negativas, principalmente em termos de frequencia (p = 0,019); o GC tambem apresentou reducao da aplicacao de praticas negativas, porem esta reducao nao foi tao expressiva quanto a do GT. Os pais do GT foram avaliados novamente seis meses apos o termino da intervencao, participaram de uma sessao de fortalecimento e os resultados obtidos permaneceram estaveis. Os resultados do estudo indicam que o POP e uma intervencao que pode auxiliar as familias, cujos filhos apresentem problemas cronicos de saude na infancia, no manejo das dificuldades decorrentes desta condicao adversa / Asthma is the most frequent chronic respiratory disease in Brazil. In children under five years of age, it cannot be diagnosed, but some symptoms, such as wheezing attacks, are indications that these children may develop asthma. The presence of chronic health problems during childhood may be an important mediating factor of the caregiver-child interaction quality, because it marks the family routine with permanent care. Psychology, in this context, can contribute by developing and implementing preventive interventions to help these families facing the stressful events influenced by this condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a parental guidance program, using a preventive approach to child behavior problems, on educational practices employed by caregivers of children that presented wheezing attacks. The sample was composed by 19 parents, divided into two groups: Treatment Group (TG), with eight parents, and Comparison Group (CG), with eleven parents. Participants were recruited by telephone or mail in four childrens health care facilities located in Sao Paulo/SP. Assessment tools used were: Adult Self-Report (ASR); Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.-5 (CBCL/1.-5) and Parental Educative Social Skills Interview Script (RE-HSE-P). TG participated of the Parental Guidance Programme (PGP); both groups were assessed pre and post-intervention; CG received specific orientations after the post-intervention assessment. The PGP had 10 weekly sessions, lasting 90 minutes each. Results indicated that participants reached high scores for behavioral problems (ASR), specifically on the internalizing scale, and that TG parents had more scores in the clinical range than CG parents. Parents of both groups reported that their children presents high level of behavioral problems (CBCL), mainly of the internalizing type. Problems levels were reduced on the post-intervention assessment when comparing the group within itself, but not on the between groups comparison. On the interaction positive aspect (RE-HSE-P), TG caregivers showed improvement of educational skills, while CG caregivers presented stable educational skills scores. This difference was statistically significant (p = .043). Considering the interaction negative aspects, TG showed a statistically significant decrease in the use of negative practices, especially in terms of frequency (p = .019); CG also declined the use of negative practices, but this reduction was not significant. TG parents participated in a recapitulation session six months after the end of the intervention and were assessed again, presenting stable results. These findings indicate that PGP is an intervention that can help families whose children present chronic health problems on handling difficulties that arise from these adverse conditions

O nascimento prematuro é um problema de saúde pública, cujas consequências incidem tanto sobre as condições de sobrevivência do neonato, quanto sobre as reações emocionais dos pais. A separação precoce entre a mãe o bebê, as limitações impostas pelo ambiente tecnológico de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal para interação dos pais com o recém-nascido e o sofrimento psicológico vivido pelo casal parental podem repercutir na relação da tríade pai-mãe-bebê. O objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar o conjunto das reações emocionais apresentadas pelos pais de bebês pré-termo de muito baixo peso e as relações entre essas reações e o processo de transição para a parentalidade. Nesta pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, os participantes foram 4 mães e 4 pais de bebês prematuros internados no Hospital Universitário da USP. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semi-estruturada e analisados através da análise de conteúdo. As coordenadas teóricas que sustentaram a análise foram as da teoria psicanalítica de Winnicott, junto a contribuições de outros autores, cuja elaboração teórica foi considerada relevante para a discussão do tema. Foram identificadas reações emocionais ligadas à interrupção precoce da gravidez, ao relacionamento com a criança, à relação do casal parental e à relação com a equipe de saúde. Sensações de medo, apreensão, estranhamento, sentimentos de incompletude, irrealidade e impotência, necessidade de apoio, percepção de transformação pessoal e dos vínculos conjugais compuseram as singulares reações emocionais de cada casal parental. Algumas dessas reações mostraram-se favorecedoras e outras dificultadoras do processo de transição à parentalidade. Nesse estudo, as dificuldades vividas pelos pais não se apresentaram, a priori, como um impedimento para a construção de um vínculo seguro e saudável com os seus filhos. Mas tais dificuldades evidenciam a necessidade, apontada em outros trabalhos, de que os pais recebam atenção especializada do profissional da saúde mental, assim como, assistência integral da equipe de saúde tanto na internação, quanto no período da gravidez e após a alta hospitalar / The birth of a premature infant is a public health problem, whose consequences affect the living conditions of the newborn and parents emotional reactions. The early separation between mother and baby, the limitations established by technological environment of a neonatal intensive care unit for parents-child relation and parental couples psychological distress may affect the relationship of triad father-mother-infant. The goal of this study was investigate the emotional reactions set presented by very low birthweight infants parents and relationship between these reactions and transition to parenthood. This study used qualitative research and the subjects were 4 mothers and 4 fathers of very low birthweight infants admitted at University Hospital of USP. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed through content analysis. The theoretical coordinates that supported analysis were the Winnicotts theories add contributions from other authors, whose theoretical elaborations were considered relevant for discussion. Were identified emotional reactions linked to early interruption of pregnancy, to relationships with child, with health team and parental couples relationship. Fear, apprehension, estrangement, feelings of incompleteness, unreality and helplessness, need support, personal transformation and marital bonds composed the singular emotional reactions of each parental couple. Some of these reactions proved to be favoring and other cause difficulties of transition to parenthood. In This study, the difficulties experienced by parents were not a obstacle to building a secure and healthy bond with their children. But, these difficulties highlight the need for parents to receive specialized care of mental health professionals, as well as, comprehensive care of the health team during hospitalization, pregnancy and after discharge

Since the government commissioned the Crossing Bridges programme in 1998 (Falcov, 1998) and through legislation and a number of government policies and initiatives since, there has been emphasis on addressing the needs of families where there are parental mental health problems. Furthermore, there is a fast-growing body of research pointing to the needs of these families. However, service structures, development and provision have lagged behind. Most often parents with mental health difficulties have access to services addressing their individual mental health needs while their needs as parents and the needs of their children remain largely invisible. One such need that has been highlighted repeatedly in the literature is the need for children to have information about and make sense of their parent’s mental health difficulties. Given the lack of services to respond to this need, it is most often left to the parent to make decisions about and respond to their child’s search for understanding. This study is a qualitative study that explores parents’ experiences of decision-making and responding to this need, and the social processes and dominant discourses that impact on these experiences. Fifteen parents with mental health difficulties were interviewed, using semi-structured individual interviews, which were transcribed, and interpretive Grounded Theory was employed to analyse and interpret the data. The grounded theory that was constructed suggest two main social processes that impact on parents’ talking with their children about parental mental health issues. Firstly, within a relational context, parents were Negotiating mutuality between themselves and their children. Secondly, within an identity context, parents had to navigate Holding on to self, holding on to life. These social processes indicate that both parents’ relationships with their children and also their own sense of themselves within the context of their mental distress powerfully shape telling, talking and keeping silent. Implications of these findings both in relation to clinical interventions and future research are considered. In particular, the importance of positioning the parent as active role-player in the healing of their child, and positioning the child as active role-payer in their own meaning-making, are highlighted. Furthermore, developing ‘double-stories’ beyond the mental health story and beyond ‘information’ is emphasised and the importance of a sense of continuity of self and identity over time for parent and child is accentuated. Finally, the importance of allowing for complex and ever-evolving understandings of mental distress is indicated, and the role of both talking and remaining silent in this process is stressed.

Research indicates that parental sources of knowledge (i.e., child disclosure, parental solicitation, and parental control) play a role in the occurrence of antisocial and other problem behaviors in childhood and adolescence. Because sources of knowledge have not been examined regarding the extent to which they are specifically related to change in disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) symptoms and no research has examined the influence of child symptom clusters of DBD on parental sources of knowledge, the current study longitudinally examined reciprocal relations between child disclosure, parental solicitation, and the DBD symptom clusters of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder (CD), and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Participants were 89 children (56% males) recruited from a mid-sized southeastern community with ages ranging from 9-12 years (M = 10.4 years, SD = 1.1 years) at baseline. Results indicated that disclosure was negatively associated with both ODD and CD symptoms and solicitation was positively predictive of CD symptoms within time. However, associations were not maintained across time. Furthermore, disclosure and solicitation were unrelated to ADHD symptoms at baseline and across time. In turn, ODD symptoms were negatively related to child disclosure within as well as across time; however this association was only marginally statistically significant within time. ADHD and CD symptoms were unrelated to disclosure at both time points. Finally, only ODD symptoms were marginally statistically negatively related to parental solicitation within time, but no symptom clusters were associated with solicitation across time. Implications and future directions are discussed.

Multiple theories suggest that the early parent-child relationship plays an important role in development. Past research has shown linkages between parenting style and aggression as well as between language and aggression. Emerging evidence suggests that attachment security is an important predictor of language development. It was hypothesized that there would be an effect of parent-child relationship quality at 36 months on aggression at school entry via language ability at 54 months. To test this hypothesis, path analysis in M-Plus was used. Data for this study were collected as a part of the NICHD, Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1,364). Mediation was tested with bootstrapped estimates of indirect effects. The results did not support the hypothesized m