Neabejojama, kad tėvų tarpusavio nesutarimai gali būti vaiko streso priežastis. Sveikų vaikų tyrimai rodo, kad vedybiniai konfliktai gali būti ypač žalingi vaikams. Kaip šiuo atveju vedybiniai konfliktai siejasi su vaikų, sergančių bronchų astma, psichologiniu prisitaikymu tyrinėta dar nedaug. Šio tyrimo tikslas – patikrinti sąsajas tarp tėvų konfliktų raiškos, jų vaikų, sergančių BA, psichologinio prisitaikymo ir tam tikrų demografinių duomenų. Tyrime apklausti 192 vaikų, kurių amžius nuo 1,8 metų iki 12 metų amžiaus, tėvai. 86 vaikai, iš kurių 56 berniukai ir 30 mergaičių, serga lengva (N = 55) ir vidutine (N = 31) astmos forma. 106 to paties amžiaus vaikai, 55 berniukai ir 50 mergaičių, nesergančių jokia lėtine liga, sudarė kontrolinę grupę. Tyrime naudota Vaikų elgesio aprašai (CBCL/1½-5 ir CBCL6–18), Porų konfliktų ir problemų sprendimų skalė (CPS) bei vaiko aplinkos klausimynas. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad vaikai, sergantys bronchų astma (BA), turi daugiau internalių sunkumų nei sveiki vaikai. Mergaitės, sergančios BA, turi daugiau eksternalių sunkumų nei sveikos jų bendraamžės. Sunkumų raiška, priklausomai nuo astmos sunkumo ir nuo sergančio vaiko lyties, nesiskiria. Nustatėme, kad ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikai, sergantys bronchų astma, turi daugiau emocinių ir bendrų (elgesio ir emocinių) sunkumų nei sveiki jų bendraamžiai. Rezultatai atskleidė, kad BA sergančių vaikų tėvai (pagal mamų vertinimus) efektyviau sprendžia tarpusavio nesutarimus nei sveikų vaikų tėvai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / There is no doubt that parental conflicts can be the cause of child‘s stress. The studies of healthy children show that marital conflicts can be extremely harmful. However there are not many empirical studies of how marital conflicts relate to psychological adjustment in children with bronchial asthma. So the purpose of this study was to explore the relations between parental conflicts resolutions, their children with asthma psychological adjustment and certain demographic data. During the study parents of 192 children aged from 1,8 - 12 years were questionned. 86 children, 56 boys and 30 girls, were suffering from mild (N = 55) and moderate (N = 31) asthma forms. 106 of the same age children, 55 boys and 50 girls, without any chronic disease were used as a comparison group. In the study Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL/1½-5 and CBCL6–18), the Conflicts and Problem – Solving Scales (CPS) and child‘s environmental questionnaire were used. The analysis of results showed that children with asthma have more internal difficulties than healthy children. Girls with asthma have more external difficulties as compared to their healthy peers. The expression of these difficulties does not differ depending on the form of asthma or child‘s with asthma gender. It was found that pre-school age children with asthma have more emotional and general (emotional and behavioural) difficulties than their healthy peers. The study showed that parents who had children with asthma (under the mothers... [to full text]

Resumé This thesis, dealing with rights of a child and duties of a parent, is based on the fact that it is primarily the parents who have to fulfill their duties towards children while a child has primarily the right that a parent fulfills duties towards him. This condition is justified by the fact that children are in relation to adults, in this thesis towards parents, traditionally considered as a weaker "element". Because of that, the attention is firstly paid to the rights of a child in a wider context. In the very beginning we take into consideration a historical context of the child's rights development that shows the contrast between a premodern period when a child was considered as almost powerless and without rights and a "progressive " 20th century when a lot of international documents concentrate solely on rights of a child. As a follow-up to the child's rights development, the attention is aimed on explanation of the terms "best interests of the child" and "child's welfare". The thesis also deals with participatory rights in relation to the law court and in relation towards parents. Because the role of a family is very important in a development and education of a child, the thesis also focuses on juridical protection of the family and explains the term "family" in the European system of the...

Child protection is one of the most demanding fields of social protection and requires comprehensive solutions which have a major impact on the lives of children and their families. It also includes the agenda of parental conflicts and related child custody proceedings. The thesis deals with the practice of child protection social workers at the municipal authorities with extended powers in the Czech Republic in solving parental disputes. The theoretical part introduces legal, educational and competence framework of child protection and sets it into the context of specific aspects and pitfalls associated with the profession and approach of child protection social workers to solving parental conflicts. It also provides recommendations on how to solve parental conflicts followed by a case study of child protection department at the Prague 8 Municipality District Authority. It identifies attributes of best practice that contribute to the best interests of the child, including participation of families, multidisciplinary cooperation, transparency of processes and neutrality, professionalism and reflexivity of child protection social workers. The empirical part focuses on the understanding of working conditions and attitudes of child protection social workers at the municipal authorities with extended...

Child protection is one of the most demanding fields of social protection and requires comprehensive solutions which have a major impact on the lives of children and their families. It also includes the agenda of parental conflicts and related child custody proceedings. This thesis focuses on the practice of Czech social workers operating in the field of child protection at the municipal authorities with extended powers and on their approaches used to resolve parental disputes. The theoretical part is based on the conceptualization of practice from the perspective of a dynamic model of practice by Karen Healy, which builds on the interaction of several contexts, i.e. institutional contexts, formal professional base of social work, service users and their communities and framework for practice, and surveys them with regard to the agenda of parental disputes in detail. The empirical part aims to identify the variability of approaches used by Czech social workers operating in the field of child protection to resolve parental disputes. The research combines both qualitative and quantitative methodology and identifies a typology of defensive practice, reflexive practice, and intuitive practice. Individual types differ in the attitudes the child protection social workers express towards recognized...