The growth of antislavery sentiment during this era had origins traceable to several aspects of life in revolutionary America. The two most important were the philosophical basis of the revolution and the evolving economic situation, both of which worked together to destroy slavery in the northern and middle states and to restrict it in the South.

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The common law notions of profession, quasiprofession, professional and quasi-professional categories in tort are analysed. The basis of liability before Hedley Byrne and Co. Ltd. v. Heller and Partners Ltd.1 involving the various stages of evolution, transition, reversion, regeneration and conflict is analysed. The focus of interpretation is to identify the relevance of professionalism and quasi-professionalism as the basis of third party liability. The relationship between Hedley Byrne2 and its impact on quasi-professional categories is analysed. The Hedley Byrne3 principle and policy model of special relationship, together with its core concepts and its theoretical and practical implications in subsequent cases is examined. The theoretical and practical problems of analysis in the application of Hedley Byrnd4 to Ross v. Cauntersr' is redefined and defended on the footing of professional ism. The theoretical and practical difficulties in the application of Hedley Byrn and to architect, consulting engineer, valuation surveyor, local authority skilled employee and specialist sub-contractor is analysed. The conceptual and practical problems of analysis arising from the decisions in Yianni v. Edwin and Sons,7 Smith v. Eric S Bush; Harris v. Wyre Forest D.C.,6 Ministry of Housing and Local Government v. Sharp,9 Junior Books v. Veitchi Co. Ltd.10 are examined within the principle and policy analysis. The competing policy interpretations in Caparo Industries plc v. Dickman11 by the Court of Appeal and the House of Lords is contrasted. The similarity in their theoretical framework and the difference in their applications and conclusions are identified. The House of Lords decision in Caparo12 is examined to ascertain how much it has redirected Hedley Byrne.13 The subsequent applications of Caparo14 is examined. It is suggested that the previous cases be categorised within both principle and policy contexts. It concludes with a recommendation towards a theory of special relationship based on the experience of the last two centuries.

This study examines the process by which the British Labour Party is transformed into New Labour Party, under the leadership of Tony Blair. Tony Blair declared that the Labour Party Government was elected as New Labour and that they would be govern as New Labour in 1997. How did Tony Blair as leader seek to define New Labour to win an election for the Labour Party after four successive defeats? ¡§New Labour¡¨ the term used to describe the project of Tony Blair to continue the modernization of the Labour Party to enable it to win power. ¡§New Labour¡¨ attempted to break with ¡§Old Labour¡¨ by revising Clause ¢¼ of the Party Constitution, introduced direct democracy to rediscover their members, rebuild the party structure and policy-making process, weakening links with the trades unions, and accepting the Thatcherism agenda of lower levels of social protection and deregulated labour market. ¡§New Labour¡¨ went on to gain a landslide victory in the 1997 election, but there were criticism that ¡§New Labour¡¨ had abandoned the historic aim of an equal society.

Texte abrégé de: Thesis--University of Calcutta, 1977. / Bibliogr. p. 247-156.

Texte augmenté de: Thesis, 1989. / Bibliogr. p. 203-210.

Dissertation--Berlin--Humboldt-Universität, 2000. / Bibliogr. p. 319-333.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Queensland, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-75). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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