In Islamic Sharia law, prescription has been more commonly referred to as murūr al-zamān [the lapse of time]. It has been claimed that the abstract principle of the lapse of time only has the effect of barring a claim and that is not capable of creating and extinguishing the right itself. In the context of Islamic law, this concept of prescription is often ascribed only to the Hanafi and Maliki schools of Sharia law, and it has been claimed that such principle has not been recognized by the Hanbali School. Based on that, my reading shows that, under Saudi jurisdiction (which is principally based on uncodified Hanbali Sharia law), this hypothesis is a key problem as in practice there are many secondary Saudi laws in place applying prescription rules to bar civil actions. Thus, by arguing that such principle has not been recognized by Sharia law as applied in Saudi Arabia, the legality of such provisions would be in question, given the fact that all Saudi enacted laws must conform with Islamic law. Moreover, my analysis argues that in studies of Saudi Hanbali law, prescription has neither been discussed widely nor given serious independent consideration. In the context of Saudi and Hanbali law, issues of prescription have not only been marginalized and minimized, but also inaccuracies and mis-readings are often found in related academic literature. Drawing on findings across various disciplines, including studies of classical and modern Islamic law, as well as legal studies on Saudi and Arab laws, this study presents new readings of the issues of the existence and origins of the legal concept of civil prescription from the perspectives of the Saudi-Hanbali School of law. Moreover, it presents the first comprehensive survey of the extent of implementation of the rules of prescription in the Saudi civil regulations over the last eight decades. Finally, from both theory and practice aspects, the thesis attempts to conclude with a critical analysis of the single ‘negative’ perspective of prescription in both Islamic and Saudi law.

Yes / The essay revisits the puzzle of the ‘passage’ of time in relation to EPR-type measurements and asks what philosophical consequences can be drawn from them. Some argue that the lack of invariance of temporal order in the measurement of a space-like related EPR pair, under relativistic motion, casts serious doubts on the ‘reality’ of the lapse of time. Others argue that certain features of quantum mechanics establish a tensed theory of time – understood here as Possibilism or the growing block universe. The paper analyzes the employment of frame-invariant entropic clocks in a relativistic setting and argues that tenselessness does not imply timelessness. But this conclusion does not support a tensed theory of time, which requires a preferred foliation. It is argued that the only reliable inference from the EPR example and the use of entropic clocks is an inference not just to a Leibnizian order of the succession of events but a frame-invariant order according to some selected clocks.

See file 01 / Art History, Visual Arts & Music / (M.A. (Visual Arts))

See file 01 / Art History, Visual Arts and Music / (M.A. (Visual Arts))

Habituellement décrite dans les états maniaques chez des patients présentant un trouble bipolaire, la tachypsychie est définie comme une accélération de la pensée qui peut également être observée dans les états dépressifs mixtes. Pour évaluer les mécanismes psychopathologiques impliqués dans ce phénomène peu étudié, nous avons élaboré un auto-questionnaire, le Racing and Crowded Thoughts Questionnaire (RCTQ), et nous avons évalué ses propriétés psychométriques chez les sujets sains et chez les patients avec trouble bipolaire. Les mécanismes cognitifs ont été investigués par le biais d’approches temporelles et langagières. Nos résultats suggèrent que la tachypsychie est un phénomène composite présent même chez les sujets sains en cas d’instabilité mineure de l’humeur. Sur le plan cognitif, la tachypsychie a été associée à la présence d’anomalies lexico-sémantiques et exécutives relevées à des tâches de fluence verbale ainsi qu’à une accélération du passage du temps. / Racing thoughts have been traditionally described in manic states in patients with bipolar disorder. Recently, attention has been raised to this symptom in depressive episodes. In this thesis, we aimed at investigating the phenomenology of racing thoughts, a phenomenon that has been understudied so far, via a self-report questionnaire that we have developed – the Racing and Crowded Thoughts Questionnaire (RCTQ) -, in patients with bipolar disorder and in healthy individuals. From a cognitive standpoint, we assessed the cognitive underpinnings of racing thoughts via temporal and verbal fluency tasks. Our results suggest that racing thoughts are a multi-faceted phenomenon, that can be observed even in healthy individuals with mild affective instability. Importantly, our results show that racing thoughts are associated with lexico-semantic and executive abnormalities as well as with a feeling of faster than usual passage of time.

The diploma thesis investigates the subjective perception of time, especially the exactness of the interval length estimation, subjective passage of time, in relation to the time perspective, the level of difficulty in emotion regulation and age. Furthermore, the thesis investigates differences in retrospective and prospective paradigm in interval length estimate. Research was conducted online, with a total number of 180 respondents. Data collection had occurred during a 4 month period. Main instruments were the Czech versions of the ZTPI - Zimbardo's time perspective inventory and the DERS-SF-CZ - Difficulty in emotion regulation scale; moreover, for the declaration of subjective passage of time was employed a method of verbal estimation. Subjective interval length was registered after finishing rewriting of two short texts. The results have showed statistically significant relationships between subjective passage of time and age; between the level of difficulty in emotion regulation and subjective passage of time. Amongst the persons orientated onto positive and negative past, there was found a significant relationship between the subjective passage of time and the difficulty in emotion regulation. Results have also shown that the interval length is overestimated in both, prospective and...