• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Σχεδιασμός παθητικών αρμονικών φίλτρων

Ασιλιάν, Ορέστης 15 April 2013 (has links)
Η ραγδαία ανάπτυξη των ηλεκτρονικών ισχύος τα τελευταία χρόνια και η χρήση τους σε μια ποικιλία βιομηχανικών εφαρμογών οδήγησε στο πρόβλημα των ανώτερων αρμονικών. Η ύπαρξη ανώτερων αρμονικών επιφέρει πολλά προβλήματα στα συστήματα ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας και στα στοιχεία που τα αποτελούν. Για το λόγο αυτό, τοποθετούνται παθητικά φίλτρα που σκοπό έχουν να μειώσουν έως και να εξαλείψουν τις συνέπειες των αρμονικών. Ο σχεδιασμός των παθητικών αρμονικών φίλτρων μπορεί να γίνει με βάση διάφορα κριτήρια. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, γίνεται σχεδιασμός παθητικών αρμονικών φίλτρων με τη βοήθεια των γενετικών αλγορίθμων που σκοπό έχουν τη μεγιστοποίηση του συντελεστή ισχύος. Η μεγιστοποίηση του συντελεστή ισχύος γίνεται αυξάνοντας την ωφέλιμη ισχύ (την ισχύ της θεμελιώδους αρμονικής), μειώνοντας τη μιγαδική ισχύ και εξαλείφοντας την ισχύ των ανώτερων αρμονικών (απώλειες). Πιο συγκεκριμένα: Στο 1ο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια εισαγωγή στο πρόβλημα των ανώτερων αρμονικών καθώς και στις επιπτώσεις τους σε διάφορα τμήματα του εξοπλισμού ενός συστήματος ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας. Επίσης αναφέρεται συνοπτικά ο σκοπός των αρμονικών φίλτρων και της διπλωματικής εργασίας. Στο 2ο κεφάλαιο γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά στα παθητικά αρμονικά φίλτρα και σε θέματα που σχετίζονται με τα είδη, το μέγεθος, το κόστος, το σχεδιασμό και την προστασία των φίλτρων. Επιπλέον γίνεται μνεία στα όρια των αρμονικών βάσει του προτύπου 519-1992 του ΙΕΕΕ. Το 3ο κεφάλαιο γράφτηκε με σκοπό να αποτελέσει ένα εγχειρίδιο γενετικών αλγορίθμων. Ξεκινά με την ιστορική αναδρομή και γενικές έννοιες και επεκτείνεται σε ένα ευρύ φάσμα εφαρμογών. Επιπλέον γίνεται επεξήγηση των δυνατοτήτων του GA toolbox του Matlab καθώς και τα βήματα που θα πρέπει να ακολουθήσει κάποιος προκειμένου να χρησιμοποιήσει τους γενετικούς αλγορίθμους ως εργαλείο βελτιστοποίησης. 2 Στο 4ο κεφάλαιο γίνεται αναλυτική περιγραφή του συστήματος και των δεδομένων του, αποδεικνύεται το μαθηματικό μοντέλο που χρησιμοποιήσαμε και γίνεται αναφορά στα μεγέθη που θα υπολογιστούν. Επιπροσθέτως, παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα που προέκυψαν από τους γενετικούς αλγορίθμους για την περίπτωση των αρμονικών πηγής τάσης και για αυτή των αρμονικών πηγής ρεύματος έτσι ώστε να μεγιστοποιείται ο συντελεστής ισχύος. Τέλος, στο 5ο κεφάλαιο εξάγονται χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα τα οποία απορρέουν από το σχεδιασμό των παθητικών αρμονικών φίλτρων με τη χρήση των γενετικών αλγορίθμων έτσι ώστε να μεγιστοποιείται ο συντελεστής ισχύος. Εν κατακλείδι, αναφέρονται κάποιες μελλοντικές σκέψεις σχετικά με το σχεδιασμό παθητικών αρμονικών φίλτρων. / The rapid development of power electronics in recent years and their use in a variety of industrial applications led to the problem of higher harmonics. The existence of higher harmonics causes many problems in power electric systems and the elements they consist of. This is the reason why passive filters which are designed in order to reduce or even eliminate the effects of higher harmonics are used. The design of passive filters is based on various criteria. This Thesis, examines the design of passive harmonic filters (using genetic algorithms), which aim to maximize power factor. By increasing the useful power (power of fundamental harmonic), decreasing the apparent power and eliminating the power of higher harmonics (losses), the power factor is being maximized. More specific: The first chapter is an introduction to the problem of higher harmonics, as well as to their effects on various parts of electric power system equipment. There is also a summary of the purpose of harmonic filters and this thesis. In the second chapter extensive references are made on passive harmonic filters and issues relating to species, size, cost, design and protection of filters. In addition, reference is made to harmonic bounds, based on IEEE Standard 519-1992. The third chapter is written in order to serve as a handbook of genetic algorithms. It enters with the historical background of genetic algorithms and extends to their use on a wide range of applications. The potentials of Genetic Algorithm (GA) toolbox of Matlab are explained. The steps to be followed in order to use genetic algorithms as optimization tool are also mentioned. A detailed description of the system and its data is given in the fourth chapter. The mathematical model and its relations used to simulate our system are proved. An extensive reference is made to the units sizes that will be calculated. Additionally, the results obtained from the genetic algorithms both in the case of the harmonic voltage source and the harmonic current source, in order to maximize the power factor, are presented. Finally, in the fifth chapter, useful conclusions are drawn from the design of passive harmonic filters (using genetic algorithms). In addition some thoughts about alternative designs of passive harmonic filters are stated in this chapter.
2

Propostas de procedimentos para projetar filtros harmônicos a partir de um programa de penetração harmônica, incluindo cálculos de desempenho e de suportabilidade

Nascimento, Rogério Pinto do 10 May 2007 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work introduces some proposals for the design of harmonic filters from a harmonic penetration computer program. Such procedures are developed by means of optimized techniques, taking in account, among other aspects, the filtering performance, the filter detuning as well as international guides referring to the supportability of the filter components, as far as voltage, current and power are concerned. The work shows the need for designing filters through a harmonic penetration program. Therefore, the filter parameters can be calculated not only from harmonic currents driven from a single harmonic source (as usually it is made), but also from other existing (and unwanted) harmonic sources eventually present in the system, which could eventually be attracted by the harmonic filter. The work also introduces some studies of cases, in which single tuned filters are compared to damped filter. This study is made in a typical industrial plant, where an arc furnace (that produces characteristic and non-characteristic harmonic) is present. The study shows, among other aspects that, depending on some important requirements made in the design of the filters, a damped filter arrangement can be more advantageous than a single tuned one. / Este trabalho propõe diretrizes para a elaboração de procedimentos sistemáticos que conduzem ao projeto de filtros harmônicos, a partir de um programa de fluxo harmônico. Tais procedimentos são desenvolvidos por meio de técnicas otimizadas, levando-se em conta, dentre outros aspectos, o desempenho de filtragem, a dessintonia dos filtros, bem como normas referentes à suportabilidade dos componentes frente às grandezas elétricas do sistema. A elaboração de um projeto de filtros a partir de um programa de fluxo harmônico foi introduzida com o intuito de se determinar os filtros não somente a partir das correntes harmônicas oriundas de uma determinada carga harmônica (como usualmente é feito), mas também para outras fontes harmônicas porventura existentes no sistema e que, eventualmente, poderão ser indesejavelmente (porém, inevitavelmente) atraídas pelo filtro harmônico. O trabalho também apresenta alguns estudos de casos, nos quais há a comparação de desempenho entre filtros sintonizados e amortecidos. Neste sentido, o trabalho usa o programa digital desenvolvido para apresentar uma análise sobre o uso de filtros sintonizados ou amortecidos, em uma instalação industrial típica de usinas siderúrgicas, que produz correntes harmônicas de ordens não-características, inclusive. Nesse tocante, este estudo de casos mostra, dentre outros aspectos, que, dependendo de certas considerações feitas no projeto dos filtros sintonizados, estes podem até dispensar somas de potência reativa maiores do que os filtros amortecidos. / Mestre em Ciências

Page generated in 0.0941 seconds