Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Avaliacao da SPF e AF.pdf: 1075693 bytes, checksum: 399a9ae649263e00ca9d0266dc431ee9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Functionally, the knee supports forces generated by bodily movements, stabilizes and promotes amplitude of movement. There is little intrinsic stability due to the articulate l cation. In this manner, it is an articulation that is susceptible to lesions these being the result of sedentarism, excessive physical activity or biomechanics and biochemical alterations. The objective is to relate the presence of the Patellofemoral Syndrome (PFS) and the level of physical activity. The alterations generated by the pathology being studied were collected by radiology analysis and a physical evaluation of the patients. The Lysholm Scale and the International Questionnaire for Physical Activity were used respectively for the collection of knee functions and the level of physical activity. A sample of the study showed 50 individuals of both sexes, with an average age of 39.96  14.81 years. All had medical diagnosis of PFS. The incidence of the syndrome was of 2 women for 1 man.PFS does not compromise health in general of the individuals but it affects the execution of physical activities and activities of the daily life. The greater energetic expenditure observed, in the sampling, was in physical activities related to work, followed by household activities (women), exercises, sport, recreation and leisure (men) and means of transportations. It s established that practioners of physical activities have a better knee function development compared to those that do not practice. Body overweight diminishes the function of the knee. Excessive time spent seating, alterations of the biomechanical lower members and biomechanical articulations supposed to contribute to trigger the PFS off. / Funcionalmente, o joelho suporta forças exercidas pelos movimentos corporais, estabiliza e promove amplitude de movimento. Há pouca estabilidade intrínseca, em decorrência da localização articular. Desta forma, é uma articulação bastante susceptível a lesões, sendo estas geradas pelo sedentarismo, excesso de atividade física ou alterações biomecânicas e bioquímicas. Objetiva-se relacionar a presença da Síndrome Patelofemoral (SPF) e o nível de atividade física. As alterações geradas pela patologia em estudo foram coletadas pela análise radiológica e avaliação física dos pacientes. Fez-se uso da Escala de Lysholm e do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física, respectivamente, para a coleta da função do joelho e do nível de atividade física. A amostra do estudo constou com 50 indivíduos, ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 39,96 ? 14,81 anos. Todos com diagnóstico médico de SPF. O acometimento pela síndrome foi de 2 mulheres para 1 homem. A SPF não compromete a saúde geral dos indivíduos, porém, afeta a execução das atividades físicas e atividades de vida diária. O maior dispêndio energético observado, na amostra, foi nas atividades físicas executadas como parte do trabalho, seguido por atividades físicas em casa (mulheres), exercício, esporte, recreação e lazer (homens), meio de transporte. Constata-se que praticantes de atividade física possuem melhor desempenho funcional do joelho quando comparados a não praticantes. Sobrepeso corporal reduz a função do joelho. Excesso de tempo na posição sentada, alterações biomecânicas dos membros inferiores e articulares, são indicativos de contribuírem para desencadeamento da SPF.

This thesis focuses on measurement of anatomical parameters of lower limb in patients with non-traumatical anterior knee pain. Theoretical part of this work describes basic anatomical, kinesiological and biomechanical knowledge about lower limb. Also there are described basic non-traumatical pathologies of knee and how to assess them. Methodology: in experimental part there were examined and measured these parameters: Q angel, foot pronation and range of hip rotation of 28 sportsmen, of which 7 had unilateral anterior knee pain and 4 had bilateral anterior knee with no previous traumatic experience of the knee. Assessing of angles was made through photographic goniometry using Adobe Illustrator to measure angles on digital pictures. Results: the work did not confirm any of hypothesis, that a statistically significant deviation would be found in patients with anterior knee pain compared to heathy population in at least one of the measured parameters. However further analysis of measured data showed statistically significant correlations between foot pronation and range of internal hip rotation and Q angle and range of external hip rotation both in patients with anterior knee pain compared to healthy population where no such correlation was found. Conclusion: This work suggests existence of connection between...

The purposes of the present study were to resolve a number of major inconsistencies found in the literature on the structure of the quadriceps femoris muscle and to extend knowledge of its structure using descriptive, qualitative methodology. The quadriceps femoris muscle was investigated in 41 cats, and the findings were confirmed in 6 human cadavers. Two aponeuroses with major biomechanical functions (rectus-vastus and vastus aponeurosis), neither of which had been previously described in the literature, were characterized in both species. The study also resolved many major inconsistencies in the literature: The muscle sometimes described as vastus intermedius (VI) was found to be the articularis genu, the muscle sometimes described as vastus medialis (VM) was found to be the VI, the rectus femoris head was found to have an additional proximal nerve branch not previously recognized, no anomalous 5th head was ever found, and the distal VM were not found to have 2 heads (in either cats or humans). The authors’ anatomical descriptions and bimechanical models of the muscles, tendons, and neurovascular should provide a helpful foundation for future studies on the quadriceps. Two general recommendations are made: 1) that the feline model be considered a viable model to elucidate human knee pathomechanics; and 2) that regardless of the anatomical structure of interest, orthopedic nurses, orthopedic surgeons, and research investigators should routinely use the research literature for anatomical guidance instead of standard anatomical textbooks. © 2002, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.