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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Influ?ncia da adi??o de s?lica ativa sobre a resist?ncia mec?nica e a tenacidade ? fratura de concretos de cimento portland para utiliza??o em pavimentos r?gidos rodovi?rios

Silva, Joamir Henrique da 31 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-10-25T22:17:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoamirHenriqueDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 9007663 bytes, checksum: ce59a7e4a57c0371a40582679bbe98f0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-12-16T17:35:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoamirHenriqueDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 9007663 bytes, checksum: ce59a7e4a57c0371a40582679bbe98f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-16T17:35:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoamirHenriqueDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 9007663 bytes, checksum: ce59a7e4a57c0371a40582679bbe98f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / O concreto ? um material comp?sito de matriz cer?mica e refor?o tamb?m cer?mico, que se caracteriza por apresentar o chamado comportamento mec?nico quase fr?gil. Suas propriedades s?o determinadas pela sua microestrutura, que pode ser controlada pela rela??o ?gua/cimento, tamanhos dos agregados, pela adi??o de modificadores, como a s?lica ativa, entre outros. Do ponto de vista do comportamento mec?nico, o concreto ? relativamente pouco estudado em rela??o ? tenacidade ? fratura. Neste trabalho ? estudada a rela??o entre a adi??o de diferentes teores de s?lica ativa e o comportamento mec?nico (resist?ncia ? compress?o axial e resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o) e a tenacidade ? fratura - utilizando corpos de prova do tipo ?short-rod?, com entalhe Chevron (KICV) - de concreto aplicado em pavimentos rodovi?rios r?gidos. Para tanto, foi produzido um total de 150 corpos de prova, sendo 45 cilindros de 15 x 30 cm, nos ensaios de compress?o axial; 45 prismas de 15 x 15 x 50 cm, nos ensaios de tra??o na flex?o; 45 do tipo ?short-rod? para a determina??o do KICV, a partir de um tra?o base (0%) e adi??es de 3, 6, 9 e 12% de adi??o de s?lica ativa, em rel??o ? massa de cimento. Os ensaios mec?nicos foram realizados aos 7 e aos 28 dias de idade. Al?m disso, as diferentes composi??es foram avaliadas do ponto de vista das respectivas massas espec?ficas, ?ndice de absor??o e ?ndice de vazios, sendo, para tanto, moldados 15 cilindros de 15 x 30cm para os ensaios de massa espec?fica, absor??o e ?ndice de vazios. Em rela??o ? prepara??o das amostras, verifica-se que a adi??o de s?lica ativa provocou uma queda no abatimento do concreto, revelando uma redu??o na consist?ncia do material, o que requereu um aumento na rela??o ?gua/cimento, para manter este abatimento constante. Em rela??o ? estrutrura do concreto, verifica-se um aumento na massa espec?fica, seguida de uma redu??o no ?ndice de absor??o e no ?ndice de vazios, com o incremento dos percentuais de s?lica ativa. Em rela??o ao comportamento mec?nico, verifica-se que a resist?ncia ? compress?o axial e a resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o apresentaram tend?ncia de crescimento com o aumento do percental de s?lica ativa, tanto para as amostras com 7 e 28 dias de idade. No caso das amostras ensaiadas com 28 dias de idade, em ambas as situa??es, todos os resultados m?nimos obtidos atenderam ?s especifica??es t?cnicas m?nimas exigidas para a aplica??o em pavimentos r?gidos. Em rela??o ? tenacidade ? fratura, verifica-se valores coerentes com aqueles mostrados pela literatura e, a exemplo da resist?ncia mec?nica, verifica-se tamb?m uma tend?ncia de crescimento dos valores obtidos, ? medida que se aumenta os teores de s?lica. A melhoria incremental do comportamento mec?nioc, tenacidade ? fratura e das propriedades f?sicas do concreto est? associados aos efeitos f?sicos e qu?micos da s?lica ativa, respons?vel pela redu??o de poros e pelo aumento da resist?ncia na interface argamassa/aglomerado. / The concrete is a ceramic matrix reinforced with ceramic aggregate compound type, characterized by a quasi-brittle mechanical behavior. Its physical and mechanical properties are established by its microstructure, controlled by the water/cement ratio, aggregate size and shape, by the use of modifiers like silica fume, etc. The literature show improvements in the mechanical strength, durability and density of cement portland concretes modified with silica fume. The rigid road pavements is shortly used in Brazil, which demand the enlargement of the research and development field associated with it, including materials, processing and physics and mechanics properties. In this work is studied the relationship between the addition of different amounts of silica fume (a mixture basis, with 0%, and additions of 3, 6, 9 and 12%, relative to the cement mass) and mechanical strength (resistance to axial compression, fc, and tensile strength in bending, fct) and fracture toughness - using specimens of type "short-rod" with Chevron notch, calculated from the maximum load (KICVM), and physical properties (specific gravity , absorption index and void index) of portland cement concrete applied in road rigid pavements. The chemical composition of gross materials, the concrete phases and microstructure are analyzed using the XRF, XRD and SEM techniques. The mechanical tests were performed at 7 and 28 days of concrete age. The slump test value was defined by technologic demand of the road operational execution as fixed value of 50 +/- 10 mm, obtained by initial value of water/cement ratio equal to 0,47, which suffer a small change caused by the increasing in the silica fume content that decrease the specified concrete slum test value. The growth of the silica fume content caused a decrease in the values of absorption index (a reduction in the porous volume), flexural tensile strength, and axial compressive strength and in the values of the fracture toughness. Moreover, in all of the concrete types, the minimum values of fctMk surpass the technical value required by rigid pavements (fctMk ? 4,5 MPa) and the fracture toughness values were coherent with the literatures data. These improving in the mechanical behavior and in the physical properties of the concretes are associated to physical and chemical effects promoted by silica addition in the concrete structure, characterized by a pores volume reduction and by a strengthening of matrix/aggregate interface, as demonstrated by SEM fractography analysis of the different concretes. A preliminary production cost of concretes analysis, based on the simplified Westergaard Theory to design a single plate of concrete, appointed out the economic viability of the use of silica fume as a modifier of concrete of portland cement, up to certain levels, in the construction of road rigid pavements in the State of Rio Grande do Norte / Brazil.

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