När det gäller barn och unga som far illa eller riskerar att fara illa spelar samverkan en central roll i att kunna förebygga att den unge inte hamnar i olika kriminella banor. Det innebär att i syfte att kunna fånga upp samt förebygga att unga hamnar i olika kriminella banor förutsätts en stark och fungerande samverkan mellan myndigheter som kan möjliggöra för en helhetssyn av problemet. Studien behandlar samverkan mellan skola, socialtjänst, polis och fritid – SSPF. Det övergripande syftet med studien var att genomföra en fallstudie kring SSPF-samverkan i Uppsala kommun samt belysa hur samverkan fungerar i teorin och i praktiken. Mer specifikt handlade det om att undersöka samverkansparternas upplevelser kring vad SSPF-samverkan innebär för deras arbete och i arbetet med barn och unga i riskzon. Studiens empiriska material baserade sig på åtta intervjudeltagare, två från respektive myndighet, med någon form av erfarenhet i arbetet med SSPF. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för studien var samverkansteori och kompletteras med ytterligare teorier och begrepp som gräsrotsbyråkrati samt handlingsutrymme. Samverkansteorin synliggör för hur samverkan mellan myndigheterna fungerar medan gräsrotsbyråkrati och handlingsutrymme visar hur respektive individ förhåller sig till sitt arbete. Resultatet synliggör att det finns tydliga skillnader mellan hur samverkan föreställs i teorin och hur det sätts i praktiken samt att det föreligger både hinder och möjligheter i samverkansarbetet. Vidare visar resultatet att det finns inte en enskild faktor som möjliggör för en god samverkan utan faktorer som gemensamma perspektiv, helhetssyn och relationsskapande har varit nödvändiga för att möjliggöra för en god samverkan. Studiens huvudsakliga slutsats är att det finns både likheter och skillnader mellan hur SSPF-samverkan framställs fungera i teorin hur det förverkligas i praktiken. Mer specifikt handlar det om att samverkan är ett komplext fenomen som inbegriper en mängd olika faktorer på strukturell, organisatorisk samt individuell nivå. / When it comes to children and young at risk, collaboration plays a significant role in being able to prevent the young person from ending up in different criminal paths. In order to catch and prevent young people from ending up in different criminal paths, a strong collaboration between authorities is needed. The study deals with collaboration between school, social services, police, and recreation centres - SSPF. The overall purpose of the study was to conduct a case study on SSPF collaboration in Uppsala municipality and shed light on how collaboration works in theory and in practice. More specifically, it was about examining the collaboration parties' experiences of what SSPF collaboration means for their work and in the work with children and young people at risk. The empirical data for the study was based on eight interview participants, two from each authority, with some form of experience in working with SSPF. The theory for the study is collaboration theory, street-level bureaucracy, discretionary power, and discretion. The collaboration theory shows how collaboration between authorities works while street-level bureaucracy, discretionary power and discretion shows how each individual relates to their work. The results highlights the differences between how collaboration is represented in theory and how it is put into practice, and that there are both difficulties and opportunities in the collaboration work. Furthermore, the results show that there is not a single factor that enables good collaboration, but factors such as a common perspective, holistic view and relationship building have been necessary to enable good collaboration. The main conclusion of the study is that there are both similarities and differences between how SSPF is presented in theory and how it is realized in practice. More specifically, it is about collaboration being a complex phenomenon that involves many factors at the structural, organizational, and individual level.

Brucellosis is one of the neglected diseases in Nigeria. In Lagos, the commercial capital of Nigeria with about twenty one million people, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in order to determine the sero-prevalence of brucellosis among people at risk in some selected abattoirs and secondary health care facilities (hospitals) in the state. Mixed sampling method was employed at the abattoir while convenient sampling method was used in sampling the respondents at the hospitals. Sera samples from three hundred and one (n=301) abattoir-based workers and traders; and one hundred and twenty one (n=121) hospital-based individuals which include people with febrile illnesses and blood donors were tested for brucellosis using Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT), with indirect ELISA being used as a confirmatory test. Of the 301 abattoir-based workers and traders, 27 (8.97%) were sero-positive to the infection when Rose Bengal Plate test antigen was used. The twenty seven individuals consists of fifteen (15) butchers; four (4) veterinarians; two (2) meat transporters and bone/cow horn dealers each as well as one each of blood meal producer, abattoir engineer, water seller and meat supplier. When blood samples from the sero-positive individuals were subjected to ELISA, 3 (11.1%) were sero-positive to the brucellosis, while one is equivocal. These results confirm that agglutination observed on RBPT might be related to unknown cross-reactions and confirmation with a different test was necessary. None of the hospital-based respondents is sero-positive to the infection. The clinical signs significant for the infection in this study were fever, joint pain, lower backache, regular headache and miscarriage. Brucellosis awareness level among the respondents was very low. Data was analysed using (SPSS) version 20.0 at α0.05 significant level. The significant risk factors for human brucellosis according to this research are consumption of fura (unpasteurized milk) and wara (fresh cheese). The study revealed that brucellosis is not only an occupational disease but can also affect people who trade or live in proximity with infected animals. / Agriculture, Animal Health and Human Ecology / M. Sc. (Agriculture)

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inherited neuro-psychiatric disease with usual onset in the middle age. The mutation, located on the short shoulder of chromosome 4, is an expansion of a nucleotide triplet, containing cytosine, adenine, guanine (CAG), with critical limit of 40+ repetitions. The principal symptoms include motor symptoms (chorea, dystonia, disorders of voluntary movements), progressive cognitive deterioration and neuropsychiatric symptoms (behaviour disorders, affective symptoms and so on). The clinical diagnosis is confirmed by a genetic test, which may also be carried out presymptomatically in offsprings of the diseased person. The objective of the 1st study consisted in the characterization of differences in psychiatric examination and neuropsychological testing among the people at risk (PAR), in whom it was recommended to delay the test, and people at risk, who were recommended to continue in the so-called predictive protocol. The total of 52 people have been examined (32 females, 20 males). In addition to the common psychiatric examination we have also administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-A), self-rating scale of general psychopathology (SCL- 90), three short cognitive tests - Trail making test, test of Verbal fluency and...

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inherited neuro-psychiatric disease with usual onset in the middle age. The mutation, located on the short shoulder of chromosome 4, is an expansion of a nucleotide triplet, containing cytosine, adenine, guanine (CAG), with critical limit of 40+ repetitions. The principal symptoms include motor symptoms (chorea, dystonia, disorders of voluntary movements), progressive cognitive deterioration and neuropsychiatric symptoms (behaviour disorders, affective symptoms and so on). The clinical diagnosis is confirmed by a genetic test, which may also be carried out presymptomatically in offsprings of the diseased person. The objective of the 1st study consisted in the characterization of differences in psychiatric examination and neuropsychological testing among the people at risk (PAR), in whom it was recommended to delay the test, and people at risk, who were recommended to continue in the so-called predictive protocol. The total of 52 people have been examined (32 females, 20 males). In addition to the common psychiatric examination we have also administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-A), self-rating scale of general psychopathology (SCL- 90), three short cognitive tests - Trail making test, test of Verbal fluency and...