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An?lise do desempenho cont?bil-financeiro de empresas de capital aberto que sofreram processo de fus?o & aquisi??o / Analysis of financial accounting performance and behavior of traded firms that passed through merger&acquisition ProcessVeiga, Jordana Luiza Barbosa da Costa 02 February 2011 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2011-02-02 / The main objective for firms to perform a Merger&Acquisition (M&A) process is the search
for a competitive advantage considered important in their strategic planning. The process of
M&A can be characterized by the concentration of capital, patrimonial, organizational and
societal restructuring, and cyclical movements. This dissertation, has the aim to describe and
analyze the financial accounting performance of a traded corporation, registered in the stock
exchange pre and post M&A performed in the year of 2005 in order to assess the value
creation due to the M&A process for the shareholder of firms involved as buyer. This aim was
carried out through the analysis of the data evolution, use of descriptive statistics and
hypothesis test; was also analyzed the stock behavior, on stock market, by technical analysis,
descriptive statistics, beta assessment, hypothesis testes and abnormal results. The analysis
were carried out using the variables: earning after taxes, net sales, Ebitda, net debt, sales,
earning per stock ratio, stock price, dividends payed, total assets divided by total liabilities e
current ratio, presence in trading market, number of daily deals of the stock, daily turnover,
closing price variation, all traded on BM&FBovespa. In order to assess the value creation for
shareholders, were performed analysis in Brazilian firms on the pulp and paper industry, the
chosen firms shall be traded to have all the necessary information for the assess, and shall
have passed through the M&A process in 2005. Acquiring and acquired companies should
also have similar size, so the process of M&As could be clearly observed in the studied
variables. Only 1 target company acquired by 2 acquiring companies was chosen, which
composes the universe of analysis. The study included analysis of short term, days before and
after the announcement, divided into two groups 10 days before and 10 days after and 30 days
before and 30 days after the announcement, and long term, periods of three years before and
three years after the event. With the analysis results it was possible to observe increase on
value creation for shareholders of companies involved as buyers in the process of M&A
during the studied period. The variables number of daily deals of the stock, number of daily
deals of the stock and daily turnover had important role on the stock-holder assess earning. It
is possible to observe that the firms Suzano papel e celulose and Votoratim Celulose e Papel
had substantial changes on the studied variables after the M&A process. Were observed
increase on stock price, number of daily deals of the stock, number of traded stocks and daily
turnover. The beta, risk indicator, after M&A, on both companies, get close to 1, improving
the non-diversifiable risk of the firms. The accounting and financial parameters have showed
inconclusive results probably / O objetivo principal das empresas ao recorrerem ao processo de F&A ? a busca por alguma
vantagem competitiva considerada importante em seu planejamento estrat?gico. O processo
de F&A pode ser caracterizado pela concentra??o de capitais, reestrutura??o patrimonial,
organizacional e societ?ria, e por movimentos c?clicos. Esta disserta??o, tem por objetivo
descrever e analisar o desempenho cont?bil-financeiro de sociedade an?nima de capital
aberto, registrado em bolsa de valores, pr? e p?s F&A ocorrido no ano de 2005 com o intuito
de avaliar a gera??o de valor decorrente do processo de F&A para os acionistas das empresas
envolvidas como adquirentes, atrav?s da an?lise da evolu??o dos dados, aplica??o de
estat?stica descritiva e formula??o de teste estat?stico de hip?tese; tamb?m foi realizada
an?lise do comportamento das a??es, em mercado secund?rio, por meio de an?lise t?cnica,
estat?stica descritiva, avalia??o do beta, teste de hip?teses e verifica??o de ganhos anormais.
As an?lises foram feitas utilizando as seguintes vari?veis: lucro l?quido, receita l?quida de
vendas, Ebitda, d?vida l?quida, produ??o comercializada, lucro por a??o, pre?o por a??o,
dividendo pago por a??o, liquidez geral e liquidez corrente, presen?a nos preg?es, n? de
neg?cios di?rio da a??o negociada, volume de neg?cios di?rio da a??o negociada, pre?o de
fechamento da a??o negociada todas na BM&FBovespa. Com o intuito de avaliar a gera??o
de valor para os acionistas, foram realizadas as an?lises em empresas brasileiras escolhidas do
setor de papel e celulose, de capital aberto para haver disponibilidades nas informa??es
necess?rias para an?lise, e que passaram pelo processo de fus?o ou aquisi??o no ano de 2005.
As empresas adquirentes e adquiridas deveriam ter porte similar para que o processo de F&A
pudesse ser observado com clareza nas vari?veis em estudo. Foi selecionada uma ?nica
empresa alvo adquirida por 2 empresas adquirentes, que formaram o universo da an?lise. O
estudo contemplou an?lises de curto prazo, dias antes e depois do an?ncio, divididos em 2
grupos 10 dias antes e 10 dias depois e 30 dias antes e 30 dias depois do an?ncio; e de longo
prazo, per?odos de 3 anos antes e 3 anos ap?s o evento. Com os resultados das an?lises ?
poss?vel constatar aumento na gera??o de valor para os acionistas das empresas envolvidas
como adquirentes no processo de F&A, no per?odo estudado. As vari?veis n? de neg?cios,
volume negociado e quantidade de a??es tiveram papel importante na avalia??o do ganho do
acionista. ? poss?vel constatar que as empresas Suzano Papel e Celulose e Votorantim
Celulose e Papel, tiveram altera??es substanciais nas vari?veis estudadas depois do processo
de F&A. Constatou-se a valoriza??o no pre?o da a??o negociada, aumento no n? de neg?cios,
na quantidade de a??es negociadas por preg?o e no volume movimentado diariamente. O beta,
indicador de risco, p?s F&A, em ambas as empresas, aproximou-se de 1, aumentando o risco
n?o diversific?vel das empresas. Os par?metros cont?beis-financeiros apresentaram resultados
inconclusivos, provavelmente pela pequena quantidade de dados analisada e pela infu?ncia de
fatores externos.
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