This paper is a brief exploration of Zinzibar soceity in contemporary times, of how it can be read through the ngoma perfromances, music events which take place during the focal moments of the social life in the Swahili communities. It is a study of their identity constructions, referring both to ethnic identities and gender ones, which are given meaning through the ngoma performances and can be also discussed or confirmed through them in the social context of the Zanzibari daily life. It mainly analyses the crucial dichotomy culture/religion from the point of view of women perfromers, who are deeply related to the domestic area (and not the public one, usually related to men) in which they can find a way to speak to the community through the perfromance and consequently to get an active role despite their social status. It is also a brief summary of the contemporary socio-political situation of the islands, in which ngoma performances become a way to participate to the social processes and to decode political tensions which characterize Zanzibar today.

In Chile, 50% of students who enroll in Chilean colleges do not graduate, negatively impacting their families' economic situations as well as national development. The purpose of this qualitative bounded case study was to gain a deeper understanding of the perceptions held by math, English, and general education professors regarding the support provided to freshman students in a program at 1 campus of a private Chilean university. Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory emphasizing internal and external motivations and social constructivism theory emphasizing development as a process comprised the conceptual framework. Both theories provide meaningful understanding of the drivers that support students in their learning process. The research questions focused on understanding the support that math, English, and general education professors and directors might provide to freshman students. A purposeful homogeneous sampling was used to identify 9 professors and 3 directors. Data collection involved semistructured interviews, peer debriefing, and member checks to triangulate the data. The findings revealed that the university could benefit from implementing a seminar program to acclimate conditionally admitted students to university studies. A 1-week seminar was developed. This study may contribute to positive social change by influencing professors' and directors' perceptions regarding possibilities for supporting students in improving their academic performance, thereby raising student passing and graduation rates to positively impact national development in Chile.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humantities, Dramatic Arts, 2012 / This creative practice-based research report explores a phenomenological approach to the body as a sensorially, audibly, visibly and viscerally present entity. The research argues for an experience of embodiment that highlights the primacy of the body within the context of the HIV and AIDS pandemic in South Africa. It addresses theoretical and methodological concerns of theatre making as a creative practice for interrogating the body’s lived experience of HIV and AIDS. The study argues that theatre has tended to describe the surface experience of the trauma of HIV and AIDS and that it has failed to speak to the lived body experience of HIV and AIDS. In so doing, this report excavates the innovation of a theatre making process that helps illuminate complex human experience through performance. This research report is written in a way that allows the reader access to the process that was developed by the researcher/theatre maker/writer. Through a facilitated process of theatre making, this study focuses on the four co-researchers/performers lived experiences of HIV and AIDS and how through the use of stimuli (visual art and elements of nature) and the use of the combination of somatic play, movement and sound, they evoked and exhumed their bodies living memory. The accounts that were made in the exploration are presented in this report and in the performance and recording (DVD) of Stains Inner. This research posits the body as a knowing entity in the era of HIV and AIDS in South Africa and highlights the process of on-flow in theatre making as a fluid dynamic process through which the body can viscerally access the latent lived experiences associated with the pandemic. It is a powerful process that enhances the body aesthetic in theatre. The study concludes that this form of theatre making has the capacity to create a transformative experience for the performer and audience. The study also puts forth recommendations that would possibly shift the landscape of HIV and AIDS discourse.

Weaning is one of the most critical periods in pig production due to a high susceptibility to gut disorders and infections induced by psychological, social, environmental and dietary stresses interfering with gut development and adaptation. This period was managed for decades by incorporating antibiotics in the diet. However, the European Union implemented a full ban on in-feed antibiotics since 1 January 2006. In this context, many alternatives are studied. We chose to study bovine colostrum for its richness in essential nutrients but also in bioactive peptides known for their growth promoting and antimicrobial properties in the calf but also in other species (poultry, pig, human). It was also selected for its high disponibility (Banque de colostrum, CER, Marloie, Belgium). The objective of this thesis is to investigate the potential of the use of bovine colostrum in the newly-weaned piglet diet and its mechanism of action. This thesis is composed of two parts : In the first part, the effects of bovine colostrum on growth performances, feed intake and physiological parameters were studied in two experiments. In the first experiment, 24 newly weaned piglets were fed daily a diet supplemented with 0, 1 or 5 g of defatted bovine colostrum. Our measures on the immune system showed that bovine colostrum could influence the development of the IgA response by potentiating a Th2 response in the ileal Peyer patch. In the digestive tract, no effects were shown on the morphology of the intestinal wall but a local anti-colostral immunisation was observed. In a second experiment, we demonstrated the efficiency of a 2 % bovine colostrum whey supplementation in weaning piglet diet to reduce the post-weaning growth check and undernutrition. The blood parameters showed a systemic IgA response, confirming previous results, and a higher IGF-I level in the colostrum-fed piglets the first week post-weaning. No effects on the faecal E. coli population were recorded. In the second part of this thesis, different ways to make the use of bovine colostrum more cost-effective for pig production were studied. It was shown that it was possible to maintain the same efficiency while reducing the dose of supplementation from 2 to 1 % and the period of administration from 28 to 10 days and replacing bovine colostrum whey by defatted bovine colostrum, a product 50 % less expensive to produce. Le sevrage est une des périodes les plus critiques en production porcine à cause d'une plus forte sensibilité des animaux aux problèmes intestinaux et aux infections suite aux stress psychologique, social, environnemental et alimentaire interférant avec le développement du tube digestif. Cette période délicate a été maîtrisée durant des décennies par l'incorporation d'antibiotiques dans l'aliment. Cependant, depuis le 1er Janvier 2006, cette pratique est totalement interdite dans l'Union Européenne. Dans ce contexte, de nombreuses alternatives sont étudiées. Nous avons choisi le colostrum bovin pour sa richesse en éléments essentiels et surtout en peptides bioactifs connus pour leurs propriétés promotrices de croissance et antimicrobiennes chez le bovin mais également chez d'autres espèces (poulet, porc, homme). Il a également été retenu pour sa grande disponibilité (banque de colostrum, CER, Marloie, Belgique). L'objectif de cette thèse est d'évaluer l'intérêt d'utiliser du colostrum bovin dans l'alimentation du porcelet au sevrage et d'étudier son mécanisme d'action. La thèse se compose de deux parties : Dans la première partie, les effets d'une supplémentation en colostrum bovin sur les performances, l'ingestion et certains paramètres physiologiques ont été étudiés au cours de deux expériences. Au cours d'une première expérience, un aliment supplémenté quotidiennement avec 0, 1 ou 5 g de colostrum bovin dégraissé a été testé. Au niveau immunitaire, nos mesures ont montré une influence du colostrum bovin sur le développement de la réponse en IgA en induisant une réponse de type Th2 au niveau de la plaque de Peyer iléale. Dans le tube digestif, aucun effet n'a été observé sur la morphologie de la paroi intestinale, mais une immunisation locale anti-colostrale a été mise en évidence. Une seconde expérience a démontré l'efficacité d'une supplémentation de 2 % de sérum de colostrum dans l'aliment pour réduire la perte de poids et la sous-alimentation provoquées par le sevrage. Les paramètres sanguins ont montré une augmentation des IgA, confirmant nos résultats précédents, et un taux en IGF-I plus important chez les porcelets recevant le colostrum. Par contre, aucun effet n'a été observé sur la population d'E. Coli fécale. Dans la seconde partie de la thèse, différents moyens de réduire le coût de la supplémentation en colostrum bovin ont été étudiés. Il a été démontré qu'il était possible de maintenir l'efficacité du colostrum tout en réduisant la dose (de 2 % à 1 %) et la durée de supplémentation (de 28 à 10 jours) et en remplaçant le sérum de colostrum par du colostrum dégraissé, un produit 50 % moins cher.

This paper is a brief exploration of Zinzibar soceity in contemporary times, of how it can be read through the ngoma perfromances, music events which take place during the focal moments of the social life in the Swahili communities. It is a study of their identity constructions, referring both to ethnic identities and gender ones, which are given meaning through the ngoma performances and can be also discussed or confirmed through them in the social context of the Zanzibari daily life. It mainly analyses the crucial dichotomy culture/religion from the point of view of women perfromers, who are deeply related to the domestic area (and not the public one, usually related to men) in which they can find a way to speak to the community through the perfromance and consequently to get an active role despite their social status. It is also a brief summary of the contemporary socio-political situation of the islands, in which ngoma performances become a way to participate to the social processes and to decode political tensions which characterize Zanzibar today.