Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-07-25T11:56:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscila Santesi Bianchini Amore.pdf: 1833291 bytes, checksum: 979fdd6ac345f6d9f95fa999697287aa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T11:56:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscila Santesi Bianchini Amore.pdf: 1833291 bytes, checksum: 979fdd6ac345f6d9f95fa999697287aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work has an objective to analyze the appearing of petroleum industry on XIX century, from several researches which had been realized to obtain new sources of combustibles by distillation of mineral coal, vegetal and petroleum, including for illumination. They tried to analyze specifically the research contributions of Abraham Gesner (1846 – 1854) related to kerosene production, on a period which were proliferated researches related to development of new kind of combustibles. The development of this study was guided mainly on the analyze of the published work by Gesner, A Practical Treatise on Coal, Petroleum and Other Distilled Oils, where this publication became the main reference job for installation of petroleum distillery on second half of XIX century, on Unites States. It is possible to evidence with the publication of his book, Gesner, on the same time he had as a goal to make this job a practical manual for the installation and production of oils from the distillation of coal, bitume and petroleum, it also aimed to provide answers to his opponents on the several judicial disputes related to patents where he was involved / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o surgimento da indústria do petróleo no século XIX, a partir das várias pesquisas que estavam sendo realizadas a fim de se obter novas fontes de combustíveis por destilação de carvão mineral, vegetal e petróleo, inclusive para iluminação. Procurou-se analisar especificamente as contribuições das pesquisas de Abraham Gesner (1846-1854) relacionadas à produção do querosene, num período em que proliferavam as pesquisas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de novos combustíveis. O desenvolvimento deste estudo pautou-se principalmente na análise da obra publicada por Gesner, A Practical Treatise on Coal, Petroleum and Other Distilled Oils, publicação que se tornou a principal obra de referência para a instalação das destilarias de petróleo na segunda metade do século XIX, nos Estados Unidos. Pode-se evidenciar que, com a publicação de seu livro, Gesner, ao mesmo tempo que tinha por objetivo fazer desta obra um manual prático para a instalação e produção de óleos a partir da destilação de carvões, betume e petróleo, também visava apresentar respostas aos seus adversários nas várias disputas judiciais relativas às patentes nas quais se envolveu

This dissertation analyses the history of the politics of pollution and petroleum refining in South Africa during the first decade of Apartheid, focusing on the country's first two oil refineries, both of which were built by multinational oil companies in Durban in the 1950s and 60s. It traces the origins of the development of environmental regulation in relation to oil refinery pollution. The dissertation outlines the development of a sense of disillusionment caused by the persistence of pollution problems associated with petroleum refining in the face of failed attempts at technological and expert interventions. The study identifies the existence of a civic culture amongst Bluff residents founded on ratepayer and landowner identities, through which they were able to exercise considerable purchase on the local State. Ultimately, the story of how two petroleum refineries ended up in the midst of residential communities in south Durban's represents a reiteration of the importance of race to the development of local urban landscapes during Apartheid. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004