CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Many pediatric patients require medications that are not available in age appropriate formulations, especially those with cardiovascular diseases. Furosemide and Captopril generally are produced in solid dosage forms for adults, and need to be fractionated and transformed in suspensions for use in children. The use of a suitable vehicle is critical to the preparation of a homogeneous, stable and palatable extemporaneous formulation that can guarantee the expected effect. In this work was evaluated the acceptability of a vehicle, named Gute, developed by a research group from Universidade Federal do CearÃ, considering that palatability is essential to treatment adherence in children. We analyzed the vehicle in different flavors with respect to the ability to mask the bitter taste of Captopril and Furosemide, the acceptance and preference without actives by healthy children and their parents, and the acceptance of extemporaneous formulations of the mentioned drugs administered to pediatric patients as prescribed. In the laboratory, eight panelists evaluated the masking ability of the vehicle flavored in mint, cherry, strawberry and neutral using a linear scale. ANOVA scores for bitterness intensity for captopril and furosemide showed that the flavored samples had significantly greater capacity of masking the bitter taste than the vehicle without flavor (neutral), however, there was no different between the flavors. 62 children 4-12 years and 21 guardians participated in the evaluation of the vehicle without actives flavored in mint, strawberry and cherry, using a facial-verbal hedonic scale with seven degrees. The three flavors were accepted and equally preferred by children and guardians. In hospitalized patients who received suspensions of Captopril (34) and furosemide (36), the flavors mint, strawberry and neutral acceptance was evaluated through the guardians with the hedonic scale and compared with the observation of the researcher .Suspensions in neutral and strawberry flavors were considered acceptable for both drugs. The correlation between the results from the two methods was moderate for Captopril, and absent Furosemide. The results for the neutral flavor showed that the addition of flavoring agents did not influenced in the acceptance and can be avoided in this case, an advantage in terms of safety for infants and neonates. / Muitos medicamentos necessÃrios a pacientes pediÃtricos nÃo sÃo disponÃveis em formulaÃÃes apropriadas à idade, principalmente aqueles que tratam doenÃas cardiovasculares. Captopril e Furosemida, de modo geral, sÃo produzidos na forma sÃlida em doses para adultos, e necessitam ser fracionados e transformados em suspensÃes para uso em crianÃas. O uso de um veÃculo adequado à crÃtico para o preparo de formulaÃÃes extemporÃneas homogÃneas, palatÃveis e estÃveis, que possam garantir o efeito esperado. Neste trabalho foi avaliada a aceitabilidade de um veÃculo com nome fantasia Gute, desenvolvido por um grupo de pesquisa da Universidade Federal do CearÃ, tendo em vista que a palatabilidade à essencial para a adesÃo ao tratamento em crianÃas. Analisou-se o veÃculo em diferentes sabores em relaÃÃo à capacidade de mascarar o gosto amargo de Captopril e Furosemida, sua aceitaÃÃo e preferÃncia sem ativos por crianÃas sadias e seus responsÃveis, bem como a aceitaÃÃo de formulaÃÃes extemporÃneas dos medicamentos citados, administradas a pacientes pediÃtricos, conforme prescriÃÃo. Em laboratÃrio, oito provadores avaliaram a capacidade de mascaramento do veÃculo flavorizado nos sabores menta, cereja, morango e neutro, utilizando uma escala linear. A anova dos valores de intensidade do sabor amargo, para Captopril e Furosemida, mostrou que a capacidade dos sabores flavorizados de mascarar o sabor amargo foi significativamente maior do que a do veÃculo sem sabor, contudo, os sabores nÃo diferiram entre si. Participaram da avaliaÃÃo do veÃculo sem ativos, nos sabores menta, morango e cereja, 62 crianÃas de 4 a 12 anos e 21 responsÃveis, usando uma escala hedÃnica facial-verbal de sete graus. Os trÃs sabores foram aceitos e igualmente preferidos pelas crianÃas e pelos responsÃveis. Com os pacientes internados que receberam suspensÃes de Captopril (34) e Furosemida (36), nos sabores menta, neutro e morango, a aceitaÃÃo foi avaliada atravÃs dos responsÃveis com uso da escala hedÃnica e comparada com a observaÃÃo da pesquisadora. As suspensÃes nos sabores neutro e morango foram consideradas aceitas para ambos os medicamentos. A correlaÃÃo entre os resultados provenientes dos dois mÃtodos de avaliaÃÃo da aceitaÃÃo foi moderada para Captopril, e para Furosemida, nÃo houve correlaÃÃo. Os resultados relativos ao sabor neutro mostraram que a adiÃÃo de flavorizantes nÃo influenciou na aceitaÃÃo das suspensÃes, podendo ser evitada nesses casos, uma vantagem em termos de seguranÃa para bebÃs e neonatos.

No / PURPOSE: Self-emulsifying systems (SES) emulsify spontaneously to produce fine oil-in-water emulsion when introduced into aqueous phase. The self-emulsification process plays an important role during formation of emulsion. The objective of current work was to understand and explore the inner structuration of SES through controlled hydration and further to study the influence of additive on the same which ultimately governs performance of final formulation in terms of droplet size. METHODS: Droplet size of final formulations containing structural analogues of ibuprofen was determined. Microstructural properties of intermediate hydrated regimes of SES were investigated using techniques such as small angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry and rheology. RESULTS: The current work established inverse relationship between droplet size of the formulations containing structural analogues of ibuprofen and their Log P values. Microstructural analysis of intermediate hydrated regimes of the prepared samples showed formation of local lamellar structure. Structural analogues of ibuprofen significantly altered microstructure of lamellae which was well correlated with the droplet size of final formulations. In vitro drug release study showed increase in dissolution rate of lipophillic drugs when formulated as SES. CONCLUSION: The current work emphasizes the fact that tailor-made formulations can be prepared by controlling the properties of intermediate regimes.