No description available.

No description available.

A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg for the Degree of Master of Pharmacy. Johannesburg, August 1991 / In this dissertation physicochemical properties of the Bs vitamer, pyridoxal hydrochloride (PL HC1), are investigated with the aim of generating the necessary profile for the rational development of a stable, safe and effective formulation containing this drug. Recent research suggests that administration of PL HC1 may be particularly effective in raising the depleted intracellular pyridoxal phosphate levels found in many asthmatics treated with theophylline. The solubility characteristics of PL HC1 suggest that its absorption and bioavailability should not be problematic / IT2018

Chan David. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [73]-76). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.ii / Contents --- p.iii / List of Figures --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.viii / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Relaxation Phenomena --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Relaxation Phenomena --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3 --- Ising Model as an Example --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Monte Carlo Simulation --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Transition Matrix Method --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Results and Comparison --- p.13 / Chapter 2.4 --- Conclusion --- p.17 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Stochastic Processes --- p.18 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.18 / Chapter 3.2 --- Stochastic Processes --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3 --- Markov Processes and Markov Chains --- p.19 / Chapter 3.4 --- Transition Matrix --- p.20 / Chapter 3.5 --- Detailed Balance Condition --- p.21 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Weaker Balance Condition --- p.22 / Chapter 3.6 --- Ergodicity --- p.22 / Chapter 3.7 --- Conclusion --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- Master Equation --- p.24 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2 --- Master Equation --- p.24 / Chapter 4.3 --- Properties of the Transition Matrix W --- p.25 / Chapter 4.4 --- Eigenvalue Equation --- p.26 / Chapter 4.5 --- Relaxation Time --- p.28 / Chapter 4.6 --- Properties of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors --- p.29 / Chapter 4.7 --- Power Method --- p.32 / Chapter 4.7.1 --- Power Method for λx --- p.33 / Chapter 4.7.2 --- Power Method for λx --- p.35 / Chapter 4.7.3 --- Power Method for λ2 of W --- p.38 / Chapter 4.8 --- Conclusion --- p.39 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Decimation --- p.40 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2 --- Method of Decimation --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Exact Formalism --- p.42 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Iterative Formalism --- p.44 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Approximate Formalism --- p.46 / Chapter 5.3 --- Decimation as an Effective Master Equation --- p.46 / Chapter 5.4 --- One Dimensional Energy Landscape --- p.47 / Chapter 5.5 --- Conclusion --- p.58 / Chapter Chapter 6. --- Mean Field Theory --- p.59 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.59 / Chapter 6.2 --- Toy Model A --- p.59 / Chapter 6.3 --- Toy Model B --- p.61 / Chapter 6.4 --- Mean Field Theory : a Lower Bound of Relaxation Time --- p.62 / Chapter 6.5 --- Mean Field Theory with the Decimation Formalism --- p.62 / Chapter 6.6 --- Mean Field Theory with Fluctuations --- p.63 / Chapter 6.6.1 --- Fluctuation Phenomena with the Decimation Formalism --- p.67 / Chapter 6.7 --- Conclusion --- p.69 / Chapter Chapter 7. --- Conclusion --- p.70 / Bibliography --- p.73

Chau Kin Chiu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT (Chinese) --- p.i / ABSTRACT --- p.Iii / ACKNOWLEDEMENT --- p.v / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1-9 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- INSTRUMENTS / Chapter 2.1 --- Laser Light Scattering (LLS) --- p.10-18 / Chapter 2.2 --- Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) --- p.19-28 / Chapter 2.3 --- Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) --- p.29-31 / Chapter 2.4 --- Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) --- p.32-35 / Chapter 2.5 --- Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) --- p.36-43 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- EXPERIMENTAL / Chapter 3.1 --- Preparation of Neutral Polystyrene Particles --- p.45-46 / Chapter 3.2 --- Characterization of Neutral Polystyrene Particles --- p.46-47 / Chapter 3.3 --- Preparation of Carboxylated Polystyrene Particles --- p.47-48 / Chapter 3.4 --- Characterization of Carboxylated Polystyrene Particles --- p.48 / Chapter 3.5 --- Film Formation --- p.49 / Chapter 3.6 --- Investigation Polystyrene Latex Film by AFM --- p.49 / Chapter 3.7 --- Determination of Changes of Confined Polystyrene Chains --- p.50 / Chapter 3.8 --- References --- p.50-51 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS / Chapter 4.1 --- Basic Observations --- p.53-64 / Chapter 4.2 --- Findings from Preliminary Study --- p.65-73 / Chapter 4.3 --- Relaxation of Polymers in Neutral Polystyrene Particle --- p.74-92 / Chapter 4.4 --- Is there really on change when particles annealed below Tg? --- p.93-94 / Chapter 4.5 --- Relaxation of Polymers in CPS particles --- p.94-99 / Chapter 4.6 --- Summary --- p.100-101 / Chapter 4.7 --- Future Work --- p.101 / Chapter 4.8 --- References --- p.101-102

Within turbulence there are many phenomena which are currently unsolved. In the solar wind temperature anisotropies and low growth rates instability have a dominant role in defining the turbulent behaviour of plasma. Due to the non- linearity of the equations involved in the description of the physics of plasmas numerical simulations are a fundamental tool to study the dynamics of turbulent phenomena. In particular, hybrid codes are widely used in space plasma applications due to their ability to simulate large regions of volume maintaining some kinetic effects. However, due to the sensitivity to the initial level of noise in the simulation, low growth rate instabilities are particularly difficult to simulate. Particle in Cell-hybrid simulations require too many particles to reduce the initial noise, while Vlasov-hybrid simulations require too many grid points to fully discretize spatial and velocity phase spaces. We present here a Vlasov-hybrid algorithm and code implementation where the distribution function is expanded in series of Hermite functions. Thanks to the properties of these it is possible to project the Vlasov equation to find an equation for each coefficient of the expansion. These coefficients are advanced in time using a Current Advance Method algorithm with splitting method for the Vlasov operator. The former is treated explicitly, while the latter is treated implicitly with a GMRES solver. The current is advanced with a temporal ODE derived taking moments of the Vlasov equation. A 1D3V code is implemented, tested and used to study low growth rate instabilities such as a proton cyclotron instability and a ion/ion right hand resonant instability with small relative velocity drift between beam and core populations. The results are compared with existing hybrid algorithms that we implemented. A 2D3V parallelized version of the code is implemented and described here. Initial results are presented and future improvements are discussed.

No description available.

La pile à combustible transforme l'énergie chimique en énergie électrique grâce à un empilement de différentes structures lamellaires. Des phénomènes mécaniques présents aux interfaces agissent de manière plus ou moins directe sur les performances et la durée de vie de la pile. Nous avons montré que la précompression par boulons tirants pendant l'assemblage, la déformation de la couche de diffusion gazeuse (GDL), le contact et la configuration de la plaque bipolaire (BPP) avaient des influences importantes sur la résistance de contact, la porosité et la perméabilité de la pile. La résistance de contact est déterminée par la zone de contact et la pression de contact. La porosité et la perméabilité sont liées à la déformation aux interfaces. Le contact entre les différentes structures a un rôle majeur dans le fonctionnement de la pile. Ce problème a été modélisé par la méthode des éléments finis. Différents paramètres de la pile comme la précompression, la structure géométrique des dents de la plaque BPP ou encore la porosité de la GDL ont été étudiés et ont permis de connaître l'état de contact ainsi que les déformations dans les structures. L'influence de certains paramètres sur les résultats mécaniques de la pile a ensuite été abordée. L'objectif de cette étude est de fournir des valeurs optimales de ces paramètres pour obtenir la meilleure performance possible de la pile. / The fuel cell transforms chemical energy to electrical power sources through a stack of different planar structures. Mechanical phenomena presented on the multi-contact interface acts more or less the fuel cell's performance and lifetime. We have shown that the pre-load by stacking bolts, the deformation of the gas diffusion layer (GDL), the contact and the configuration of the bipolar plate (BPP) had influences on the contact resistance, the porosity and the permeability of the fuel cell. The contact resistance is determined by the contact area and contact pressure. The porosity and permeability are related to the interfacial deformation. The contact between the different structures has a major role in the fuel cell operation. This problem is solved by the finite element method. Various parameters of the fuel cell as the pre-load, the geometric structure of teeth of BPP as well as the porosity of the GDL were studied and allowed to know the contact behavior and the deformation. The influence of some parameters on the mechanical results of fuel cell stack was then tackled. The purpose of this study is to provide optimum values of these parameters to obtain the best performance of fuel cells.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 320-337) Also available on the Internet.

published_or_final_version / Physics / Master / Master of Philosophy