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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Null object in portuguese as an additional language

Barba, Renato Augusto Vortmann de 19 January 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:45:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_RENATO_AUGUSTO_VORTMANN_DE_BARBA_COMPLETO.pdf: 961856 bytes, checksum: 3bc19ee0642b80af8997a18416275a99 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:45:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_RENATO_AUGUSTO_VORTMANN_DE_BARBA_COMPLETO.pdf: 961856 bytes, checksum: 3bc19ee0642b80af8997a18416275a99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Dentro da teoria gerativa dos princ?pios e par?metros (Chomsky, 1981), categorias vazias s?o entidades utilizadas nas an?lises sint?ticas para que certas estruturas lingu?sticas n?o violem princ?pios universais (Mioto, 2007). O portugu?s brasileiro (PB) faz uso de v?rias dessas categorias em diferentes estruturas, e uma das estruturas permitidas pela l?ngua ? o fen?meno conhecido como object drop, ou objeto foneticamente nulo. Em estudos de Aquisi??o de Segunda L?ngua (SLA, no original), a teoria de Transfer?ncia Total / Acesso Total (Schwartz & Sprouse, 1996) postula que o est?gio inicial do L2 ? o est?gio final do L1, mas ao encontrar estruturas que n?o s?o permitidas pela sintaxe da L1, os aprendizes acessam a GU para redefinir par?metros relacionados ?s estruturas. Considerando que o PB ? frequentemente aprendido ap?s outra l?ngua adicional, sendo assim uma L3, o Modelo da Supremacia Tipol?gica (TPM, no original) proposto por Rothman (2010) afirma que a transfer?ncia ocorrer? a partir da gram?tica da l?ngua percebida como a mais semelhante, mesmo se a transfer?ncia de outra l?ngua fosse mais facilitadora. O presente estudo aplicou uma tarefa de julgamento de aceitabilidade com diferentes estruturas em PB tanto para os falantes nativos (n = 27) quanto para os aprendizes de PB (L1 espanhol, L2 ingl?s) (n = 15) para poder comparar sua avalia??o dessas estruturas. Esperava-se que, como PB e espanhol s?o percebidos como tipologicamente mais pr?ximos, os aprendizes de PB transfeririam seus conhecimentos da L1 ao avaliar as frases em PB. Os resultados demonstram que os falantes nativos t?m avalia??es diferentes dependendo da estrutura que est? sendo testada, com objetos nulos sendo preferidos em ora??es simples, mas nenhuma prefer?ncia clara em estruturas com ilhas sint?ticas fortes. Os aprendizes de PB n?o demonstraram qualquer prefer?ncia por objetos nulos ou abertamente realizados em estruturas com ilhas sint?ticas fortes, mas mostraram prefer?ncia por objetos nulos em ora??es simples com referentes [?definido]. Assumindo FT/FA e TPM, parece que os aprendizes de PB continuam utilizando a gram?tica de sua L1 na avalia??o de algumas das estruturas, enquanto que em outras estruturas parece haver alguma converg?ncia na gram?tica alvo, o que sugere poss?vel acesso ? GU. / Within the generative theory of principles and parameters (Chomsky, 1981), empty categories are entities used in syntactic analyses so that certain language structures do not violate universal principles (Mioto, 2007). Brazilian Portuguese (BP) makes use of several of these categories in different structures, and one of the structures allowed by the language is the phenomenon known as object drop, or phonetically null objects. In studies of Second Language Acquisition (SLA), the theory of Full Transfer / Full Access (Schwartz & Sprouse, 1996) posits that the initial stage of the L2 is the final stage of the L1, but in finding structures that are not allowed by the L1 syntax, learners access the UG to reset parameters related to these structures. Considering BP is often learned after another additional language, hence being an L3, the Typological Primacy Model (TPM) proposed by Rothman (2010) claims that transfer will occur from the grammar of the language perceived as the most similar, even if transfer from another language would be more facilitative. The present study contains results of an acceptability judgment task with different structures in BP given to both Native speakers (n = 27) and BP learners (L1 Spanish, L2 English)(n = 15). It was expected that, because BP and Spanish are perceived as typologically closer, BP learners would transfer their knowledge from the L1 while evaluating the sentences in BP. The results show that Native speakers have different evaluations depending on the structure being tested, with null objects being preferred in Simple clauses, but no clear preference in structures with strong syntactic islands. The BP learners did not show any clear preference for null or overt objects in structures with strong syntactic islands, but showed preference for null objects in Simple clauses with [? definite] referents. Assuming FT/FA and the TPM, it seems that BP learners kept using the grammar from their L1 in evaluating some of the structures, while in other structures there seems to be some convergence on the target grammar, hinting at some level of access to UG.

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