Faculty of Humanities School of Human and Community Development 0004529r Chazens2global.co.za / This study aimed to investigate the nature of the relationship between organisational stress, in terms of individual’s emotional reactions to their jobs, and physical and psychological well-being. It then aimed to expand upon previous research in this area, by considering the effects of potential mediators such as job and family involvement on this relationship. In addition to this it aimed to explore the possible differences in the emotions at work, well-being and job and family involvement as experienced by individuals of different demographic groups. Questionnaires containing a biographical information sheet and four well-established measures, including the Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale, the Well- Being Scale, as well as the Job Involvement Questionnaire and Family Involvement Scale, were distributed to the male and female employees at a large organisation in Johannesburg. This sampling method yielded a final sample of 249 respondents, consisting of 120 men and 129 women. The results of this study illustrated significant differences in the physical well-being of the men and women in the sample, with men reporting experiencing greater levels of positive physical well-being than their female counterparts. A significant difference was also demonstrated in the emotions at work experienced by the Black and White respondents of the study, with the Black individuals reporting more positive emotions at work than their White counterparts. In addition, the findings of this study indicated that there was a positive relationship between the constructs of emotions at work and physical and psychological well-being and that emotions at work mediated the relationships between job and family involvement and well-being.

No description available.

Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a major health problem and a burden for affected young individuals, as well as for society. It is among the most prevalent paediatric disorders, affecting an estimated 1.7 per 100 children and adolescents. Given the complexity of diabetes treatment regimens, it is not surprising that children, adolescents, and their families often have difficulty adhering to these regimens. Studies have found that the overall adherence rate among children and adolescents with diabetes is about 50%. It has also been found that adherence to T1DM often tends to decrease when the adolescent begins to assume most of the responsibility for managing the disease and the parents‟ role starts to decline. However, literature indicates that adolescent patients‟ adherence is poor and an important strategy to improving their metabolic control is to increase self-care. The most common age of onset for T1DM is between 10-14 years. The adolescent population is highly neglected in current research on diabetes, because the focus tends to favour children and not adolescents. It is widely recognised that glycaemic control in adolescents is complex, challenging and dependent on interconnected relationships between numerous inputs at individual, family, community and health service levels. Optimal care of adolescents with diabetes has not been subjected to rigorous scientific studies, and research results related to optimal glycaemic control are conflicting. Development and continuous evaluation of best practices pertaining to diabetes mellitus remains one of the major objectives of diabetes care, possibly allowing a delay in and/or prevention of later complications. Research indicates that adolescence is the one age group where there has been no discernible improvement in health over the last 20 years. A great number of research studies on the subject of diabetes are done globally, but less literature, especially in the South African context, can be found that focuses on and explain the experiences of adolescents with T1DM with regard to their treatment adherence. This qualitative study explored the experiences of adolescents with T1DM. A purposive sample (n=7) of young adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15 willingly participated in the research study to explore and describe their experiences with managing their treatment regimen. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect rich descriptive data, followed by participants‟ verbal reflections once a week for the duration of a month. After the in-depth interviews and weekly reflections, the researcher held a focus group interview with all the participants. Transcribed data were analysed by means of thematic analysis from which themes and subthemes were derived. The participants expressed both positive and negative emotions associated with their diabetes; they experienced a lack of understanding by significant others because of a lack of knowledge, interest or support regarding their diabetes; they mentioned that they continually need age-appropriate support and parental involvement, even though they manage diabetes through their own processes; and lastly, participants struggled with a fear of friends‟ and peers‟ perceptions. From the findings it is clear that in order to cope, the adolescents need not only medical treatment and education about diabetes (T1DM), but emotional support, supervision and repeated reinforcement to achieve effective self-management. The basic suggestion is that diabetes care for children and young people should include routine assessment of the psychological and social pressures on the adolescent and the family so that strategies can be put in place to give support and education as needed and as appropriate. The researcher also recommends that school personnel must be educated about diabetes so that they can understand the changing medical and psychosocial needs of the adolescent and can help him/her to participate fully in all the available work, sport, and leisure activities. Models of legislation and training programmes for school staff specifically addressing the needs of children with diabetes in school have been developed in a number of countries such as Greece, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the USA. These programmes should be considered as an example to other countries. These best practices can serve as a foundation for national improvement. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a major health problem and a burden for affected young individuals, as well as for society. It is among the most prevalent paediatric disorders, affecting an estimated 1.7 per 100 children and adolescents. Given the complexity of diabetes treatment regimens, it is not surprising that children, adolescents, and their families often have difficulty adhering to these regimens. Studies have found that the overall adherence rate among children and adolescents with diabetes is about 50%. It has also been found that adherence to T1DM often tends to decrease when the adolescent begins to assume most of the responsibility for managing the disease and the parents‟ role starts to decline. However, literature indicates that adolescent patients‟ adherence is poor and an important strategy to improving their metabolic control is to increase self-care. The most common age of onset for T1DM is between 10-14 years. The adolescent population is highly neglected in current research on diabetes, because the focus tends to favour children and not adolescents. It is widely recognised that glycaemic control in adolescents is complex, challenging and dependent on interconnected relationships between numerous inputs at individual, family, community and health service levels. Optimal care of adolescents with diabetes has not been subjected to rigorous scientific studies, and research results related to optimal glycaemic control are conflicting. Development and continuous evaluation of best practices pertaining to diabetes mellitus remains one of the major objectives of diabetes care, possibly allowing a delay in and/or prevention of later complications. Research indicates that adolescence is the one age group where there has been no discernible improvement in health over the last 20 years. A great number of research studies on the subject of diabetes are done globally, but less literature, especially in the South African context, can be found that focuses on and explain the experiences of adolescents with T1DM with regard to their treatment adherence. This qualitative study explored the experiences of adolescents with T1DM. A purposive sample (n=7) of young adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15 willingly participated in the research study to explore and describe their experiences with managing their treatment regimen. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect rich descriptive data, followed by participants‟ verbal reflections once a week for the duration of a month. After the in-depth interviews and weekly reflections, the researcher held a focus group interview with all the participants. Transcribed data were analysed by means of thematic analysis from which themes and subthemes were derived. The participants expressed both positive and negative emotions associated with their diabetes; they experienced a lack of understanding by significant others because of a lack of knowledge, interest or support regarding their diabetes; they mentioned that they continually need age-appropriate support and parental involvement, even though they manage diabetes through their own processes; and lastly, participants struggled with a fear of friends‟ and peers‟ perceptions. From the findings it is clear that in order to cope, the adolescents need not only medical treatment and education about diabetes (T1DM), but emotional support, supervision and repeated reinforcement to achieve effective self-management. The basic suggestion is that diabetes care for children and young people should include routine assessment of the psychological and social pressures on the adolescent and the family so that strategies can be put in place to give support and education as needed and as appropriate. The researcher also recommends that school personnel must be educated about diabetes so that they can understand the changing medical and psychosocial needs of the adolescent and can help him/her to participate fully in all the available work, sport, and leisure activities. Models of legislation and training programmes for school staff specifically addressing the needs of children with diabetes in school have been developed in a number of countries such as Greece, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the USA. These programmes should be considered as an example to other countries. These best practices can serve as a foundation for national improvement. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

En la actualidad el país ha ido aumentando el consumo de productos de cuidado e higiene personal, esto sucede por el crecimiento económico, el aumento de los ingresos de la población a lo largo de los años y que las personas buscan más información acerca de qué productos deben consumir según las tendencias. ¿Sabía usted que en un solo día una mujer puede consumir hasta 12 productos de limpieza con aproximadamente 100 ingredientes que son perjudiciales para la salud y el medio ambiente? Cada año se producen 120,000 mil millones de unidades de empaques de cosméticos y de limpieza personal y la mayoría para ser usados una sola vez. Es por eso, que en el mercado han ido ingresando muchas marcas internacionales al país y se han creado nuevas marcas a nivel nacional. Muchas de estas marcas que se encuentran en el mercado se han especializado para diferentes tipos de segmentos específicos, con características específicas como que sus productos están elaborados con insumos que cuiden tanto su bienestar físico como el del medio ambiente. Por este motivo, este trabajo de investigación se basó en proponer una alternativa de idea de negocio en donde los productos están elaborados con insumos y componentes libres de químicos y con un formato innovador.  Q´umir es una empresa encargada de la comercialización y fabricación de jabón, shampoo y acondicionador en sólido para diferentes tipos de piel y cabello (seca, grasa y mixta), le sumamos que utilizamos ingredientes naturales y ecológicos que brindan hidratación y firmeza. / Currently the country has been increasing the consumption of personal care and hygiene products, this is due to economic growth, the increase in the income of the population over the years and that people are looking for more information about what products they should consume according to trends. Did you know that in a single day a woman can consume up to 12 cleaning products with approximately 100 ingredients that are harmful to health and the environment? Every year 120 billion units of cosmetic and personal cleansing packaging are produced, and most are for one-time use. That is why, many international brands have entered the country in the market and new brands have been created at a national level. Many of these brands that are on the market have specialized for different types of specific segments, with specific characteristics such as that their products are made with inputs that take care of both their physical and environmental well-being. For this reason, this research work was based on proposing an alternative business idea where the products are made with inputs and components that are free from chemicals and with an innovative format. Q´umir is a company in charge of the commercialization and manufacture of soap, shampoo and conditioner in solid for different types of skin and hair (dry, oily and mixed), we add that we use natural and ecological ingredients that provide hydration and firmness for women. / Trabajo de investigación

El tiempo se ha convertido en una de las preocupaciones diarias de los adultos y las posibilidades de qué hacer con él, si el día tuviera más horas, en un sueño inalcanzable. La vida agitada que conlleva tener una rutina diaria entre el trabajo, los estudios y el hogar, deja al ser humano en un bucle interminable de acciones que solo logran estresarlos más. Entonces, ¿cómo transformar esas vidas que normalmente se encuentran reactivas al cambio? El camino al autoconocimiento y al equilibrio personal solo son posibles a través del movimiento, relajación y una alimentación consciente. Actualmente, las empresas de nuestro país que ofrecen opciones para llevar una vida saludable y activa se enfocan en actividades tradicionales dictadas en un local físico con ejercicios estándares. La presente investigación, tiene como objetivo descubrir las preferencias de un entrenamiento que integre el área física, mental y alimentación consciente desde una plataforma online para que los usuarios accedan a los talleres desde donde se encuentren y cuando quieran. Con esta finalidad, se diseñó una metodología mixta, a través de la técnica cuantitativa (encuesta y PMV) y cualitativa (entrevista semiestructurada) a un público limeño entre 25 y 35 años, con la finalidad de validar la viabilidad del proyecto. Los resultados arrojaron que el proyecto responde a la demanda de los talleres online propuestos; pero también nos deja el desafío constante de agregar otros talleres de acuerdo a la tendencia y preferencia, bajo la misma filosofía del proyecto. / Time has become a daily concern for adults and the possibilities of what to do with it –if the day had more hours– are an unreachable dream. The hurried lifestyle that comes with having a daily routine between work, studies and home, leaves the human being in an endless loop of events that only make them more stressed. So how do we transform those lives that normally are reactive to change? The path to self-knowledge and personal balance is only possible through movement, relaxation and mindful eating. Nowadays, the companies in our country that offer options to lead a healthy and active life, focus on traditional activities located in a establishment with standard exercises. This research aims to discover the preferences of a training that integrates the physical, mental and mindful eating area from an online platform so that users can access the workshops wherever they are and whenever they want. For this purpose, it was designed a mixed methodology, through the quantitative technique (survey and MVP) and qualitative (semi-structured interview) to an audience of Lima residents between 25 and 35 years old, in order to validate the viability of the project. The results showed that the project responds to the demand of the proposed digital workshops; but it also leaves us the constant challenge of adding other workshops according to the tren and preference in order to the same philosophy of the project / Trabajo de investigación

Este plan de negocios busca impactar en una población vulnerable, que tiene además un nicho bastante atractivo ya que el crecimiento de esta población se viene dando desde hace varios años, inclusive a nivel mundial, pero aun así tiene una oferta bastante limitada de productos y servicios, por lo tanto, cuenta con necesidades desatendidas. Con este proyecto queremos llegar a esta población con un servicio innovador, exclusivo y que brinde toda una experiencia, consiste en ofrecer un servicio de acompañamiento al adulto mayor a nivel de Lima Moderna del NSE A y B, conectando por medio de una página web dinámica y sencilla a adultos mayores con personas que tengan los mismos intereses y gustos, para poder acompañarlos pero de una manera distinta, compartiendo con ellos estos gustos que de cierta manera los vinculan para finalmente ayudar a mejorar su calidad de vida, trabajando en mejorar su salud mental y condición física de una manera recreacional. La presente idea de negocio nace de la necesidad que tienen algunas familias de buscar personas que los ayuden con el cuidado del adulto mayor de la casa porque no disponen del tiempo necesario para el cuidado de este ser tan importante en la vida de cada familia. Esta idea se hace más interesante después de corroborar por medio de un análisis, que no existen empresas que trabajen particularmente en un servicio que vaya más allá de un servicio de simple cuidado supervisando al adulto mayor y a esto se le suma que la mayoría de problemas que sufre esta población se puede mejorar con hábitos activos y saludables. Gracias a un gran análisis del problema detectado y las opciones que se encuentran en el mercado nace MatchCare, un servicio que busca dar más que un servicio de acompañamiento, buscamos generar vínculos con el adulto mayor y aportar a su mejora en su salud mental y condición física, haciendo que tengan una vida activa y feliz, mientras que damos tranquilidad a su familia. / This business plan seeks to impact a vulnerable population, which has a very attractive niche because it has experienced a steady growth for several years worldwide, but still has a fairly limited supply of products and services, leaving needs unmet. With this project, we want to reach this population with an innovative, exclusive service that provides a whole experience. It consists of offering an accompaniment service to the elderly, targeting those who live in the area of Modern Lima of the NSE A and B, connecting them through a web page with other people who have the same interests and hobbies. Through this differentiated accompaniment not only will they share likes that link one another in a certain way, but also help improve their quality of life, mental health and physical condition in a recreational way. The present business idea arises from the need of some families to look for people who help with the care of the elderly at home, because they do not have enough time to look after such an important family member. This idea becomes more interesting after corroborating by means of an analysis that there are no companies that offer beyond a simple care service supervising the elderly. Plus, there is the fact that the majority of problems suffered by this Population can be improved with active and healthy habits. Having detected this problem and analyzing the options in the market, Match Care was born, a service that seeks to give more than an accompaniment service. We seek to create links with the elderly and contribute to a healthy mental and physical condition, promoting an active and happy life, while giving peace of mind to their family. / Trabajo de investigación

Policies at assisted living facilities should be designed to develop high quality social relationships among older persons that could increase the contentment of the residents. Despite the broad consensus on this mission, the role of social support in the perceived contentment of assisted living facility residents has not been adequately explored. Using social network theory as the framework for this study, the purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether (a) perceived level of social support was related to perceived level of contentment with life among assisted living facility residents, (b) the length of time spent in the facility was related to perceived levels of contentment, and (c) perceived social support moderated the relationship between the length of time in the facility and perceived levels of contentment with life. The sample included 100 residents from 2 assisted living facilities in North Carolina. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Generalized Contentment Scale were used in this study. Linear regression analyses were employed to answer the research questions. Participants with higher levels of perceived social support tended to have higher levels of perceived contentment with life, and the length of time residents had spent in the facility was not related to their perceived contentment with life. In addition, levels of social support did not moderate the relationship between the length of time respondents had been in the facility and contentment; age, gender, ethnicity, and marital status were not related to perceived contentment with life. This study leads to positive social change by providing long-term care providers with information on social support systems and how staff can create conditions for them to enjoy better social relationships and experience greater support, thereby facilitating their contentment with life.

Divorce brings unprecedented changes. The prevalence of divorce today constitutes a need to thoroughly study the well-being of divorced peoples. This study used a multidimensional definition of well-being to study divorced peoples and other marital statuses. Physical, social, psychological, and socioeconomic well-being were used. This study hypothesized that the married and remarried have higher well-being than the never married who in turn have higher well-being than the divorced or separated. It was also hypothesized that some are pre-disposed to divorce. ANCOVA analysis was used to test these hypotheses in a sample of approximately 9,863 respondents from the NSFH study. Support was found for the hypothesis that the never married have higher well-being than the divorced or separated. This was true in all four aspect analyses. No support was found for the hypothesis that some are pre-disposed to divorce. Further, support was found for married and remarried having higher well-being than the divorced or separated and never married, but only in regards to psychological and socioeconomic well-being. Partial support was found for physical well-being. The divorced or separated had the lowest or close to lowest adjusted well-being mean of all marital statuses except in the social well-being analysis. Marital status and especially divorce does affect well-being.

There are several psychosocial factors that can affect an individual diagnosed with cancer (Holland, 2003), and directly addressing these issues with patients is important for their overall care and quality of life (Holland, 1998). The practice of psycho-oncology has been designed to assess these psychosocial issues with patients and their caregivers by means of outlets such as support groups to facilitate a wellness model of care (Myers & Sweeney, 2008). Using the demographics of age and sex, I plan to analyze and identify what psychosocial needs are significant to individuals diagnosed with cancer, and compare the sex and age of two significantly represented patient age groups 18-40 and 41-80 years old. I will survey the patients of Tulane Cancer Center in New Orleans, Louisiana when they arrive for medical treatment at the facility. The survey will include a demographic page, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G (Version 4), the Body Image Scale (BIS), the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Short Form (CSFQ-14), and additional questions regarding the extent to which an individual would attend a support group designed for their specific age and sex demographic. Through data analysis, I hope to discover whether any of the variables of body image, sexual functioning, physical well being, social/family well being, emotional well being, and functional well being show significant differences between the male or female young adult population of 18-40 year olds and those patients who are 41-80 years old. The findings should allow psycho-oncology clinicians to utilize this knowledge to address what psychosocial needs are appropriate for each age and sex group, and thus enhance the overall care of the patient.