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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Seletividade de herbicidas em espécies arbóreas nativas do brasil / Selectivity of herbicides in native brazilian tree species

Oliveira, Leandro de 14 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by LEANDRO DE OLIVEIRA null (leandrooagro@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-05-03T19:24:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese definitiva impressa.pdf: 2308475 bytes, checksum: 3999d507e145f136175b0be4bff3f2ce (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alexandra Maria Donadon Lusser Segali null (alexmar@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-05-04T18:16:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_l_dr_jabo.pdf: 2308475 bytes, checksum: 3999d507e145f136175b0be4bff3f2ce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T18:16:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_l_dr_jabo.pdf: 2308475 bytes, checksum: 3999d507e145f136175b0be4bff3f2ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-14 / As plantas daninhas são um dos principais entraves na recuperação de áreas degradadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a seletividade de alguns herbicidas sobre mudas de Apuleia leiocarpa (garapeira); Schinus terebinthifolius (aroeirinha); Trema micrantha (candiúba); Croton floribundus (capixingui ); Luehea divaricata (açoita cavalo); Astronium graveleons (guaritá); Gallesia integrifolia (pau d’ alho); Handroanthus chrysotrichus (ipê amarelo) ; Handroanthus impetiginosus( ipê rosa) . Foi implantado um experimento no município de Junqueirópolis/SP e outro em Jaboticabal/SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com 4 repetições. Os tratamentos utilizados foram (g i.a. ha-1): clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (50 + 50); fluasifop-p-butyl (250); sethoxydim (184); quizalofop-p-ethyl (75); fomesafen (125); haloxyfop-methyl (48); nicosulfuron (50), bentazon (720); chlorimuron-ethyl (15), além de uma testemunha. As características analisadas foram: incremento no diâmetro de caule e altura de plantas, além de fitointoxicação visual aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos herbicidas. Ao final do experimento a parte aérea das plantas foram retiradas para avaliação do acúmulo de massa seca na parte aérea. Os herbicidas nicosulfuron e o chlorimuron-ethyl causaram intoxicação visual em todas as espécies arbóreas estudadas, bem como provocou redução do crescimento inicial das plantas de candiúba em Jaboticabal, sendo que o uso do herbicida clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl resultou em perdas no acúmulo da matéria seca neste mesmo município. O fomesafen promoveu injúrias visuais nas nove espécies de plantas nativas estudadas. Juntamente com o bentazon, o fomesafen provocou sintomas de injúrias visuais de moderados a severos em algumas espécies arbóreas, no entanto, não ifluenciou no seu desenvolvimento inicial. Os herbicidas inibidores da ACCase quizalofop-p-ethyl, haloxyfop-methyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl e o sethoxydim foram seletivos para todas as arbóreas estudadas. Somente os herbicidas clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl em plantas de aroeirinha e o nicosulfuron e chlorimuron-ethyl em candiúba, provocaram redução no desenvolvimento inicial , não sendo indicado seu uso destes herbicidas no município de Jaboticabal. Os demais herbicidas testados proporcionaram seletividade inicial as espécies capixingui, açoita-cavalo, guaritá, pau d’ alho, ipê-amarelo e ipê-rosa estudadas nos dois municípios. / Weeds are one of the main obstacles in recovering degraded areas. The aim of this paper is to study the selectivity of some herbicides over seedlings of Apuleia leiocarpa (garapeira); Schinus terebinthifolius (aroeirinha); Trema micrantha (candiúba); Croton floribundus (capixingui); Luehea divaricata (açoita cavalo); Astronium graveleons (guaritá); Gallesia integrifolia (pau d’alho); Handroanthus chrysotrichus (yellow ipê) and Handroanthus impetiginosus (pink ipê). An experiment was performed in the municipality of Junqueirópolis/ SP and another one in Jaboticabal/ SP. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 replications. The applied treatments were (g i.a. ha-1 ): clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (50 + 50); fluasifop-p-butyl (250); sethoxydim (184); quizalofop-p-ethyl (75); fomesafen (125); haloxyfop-methyl (48); nicosulfuron (50), bentazon (720); chlorimuron-ethyl (15), besides a witness. The analyzed features were: increase in the diameter of stems and in the height of the plants, as well as visual phytotoxication at days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 after the applying of the herbicides (DAA). At the end of the experiment, the aerial part of the plants were removed for evaluating the building up of their dry mass. The herbicides nicosulfuron and chlorimuron-ethyl caused visual phytotoxication in all studied species of trees, and it also provoked a decrease in the initial growing of the candiúba in Jaboticabal, being that the use of the herbicide clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl resulted in losses in the building up of the dry mass in this town. The fomesafen promoted visual injury in the nine species of studied native plants. Along with bentazon, fomesafen provoked moderate to severe symptoms of visual injury in some species of trees, however, it did not influence its initial development. The inhibitor herbicides from ACCase quizalofop-pethyl, haloxyfop-methyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and sethoxydim were selective for all the studied tree species. Only the herbicides clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl in plants of aroeirinha and nicosulfuron e chlorimuron-ethyl in candiúba provoked decrease in the initial development, so these are not recommended for use in the city of Jaboticabal. The other tested herbicides provided initial selectivity to the species capixingui, açoita-cavalo, guarita, pau d’alho, yellow ipê and pink ipê studied in the municipalities

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