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Memoria para optar al título profesional de: Ingeniero Agrónomo Mención: Manejo de Suelos y Aguas / El presente trabajo formó parte de una serie de estudios efectuados por la Compañía Minera Doña Inés de Collahuasi para disminuir problemas operacionales vinculados al riego en pilas para la lixiviación de cobre. Se recreó el proceso de riego de una pila de lixiviación, controlando las condiciones de flujo y la dinámica del ordenamiento de las partículas. Se llenaron columnas con roca aglomerada y se probaron cuatro formas de aplicación de soluciones de lixiviación en base a refino para determinar los cambios físico-mecánicos en la matriz del material a lo largo del proceso, para luego contraponerlos con la recuperación de cobre. Cada forma de aplicación de la solución de riego correspondió a uno de los tratamientos. De los tratamientos probados, el riego intermitente se presentó como la mejor alternativa para lixiviar el tipo de minerales ensayados (oxidados con componentes sulfurados en aumento), pues aceleró los tiempos de extracción al propiciar la lixiviación de los compuestos sulfurados. Esta técnica provocó extracciones totales mayores, sin embargo, en las primeras etapas de la lixiviación no generó diferencias en las extracciones con el resto de los tratamientos, por lo que se plantea buscar técnicas que aumenten la superficie irrigada en las fases iniciales del riego, manteniendo un mayor contacto solución-roca y un control apropiado del pH de las soluciones que reaccionan con la roca. No se detectaron problemas de drenaje ni efectos claros que podrían hacer inviable el proceso de lixiviación producto de las tasas de riego, sin embargo los principales efectos físico-mecánico se originaron en superficie (0-33 cm). La anticipación del comportamiento en este sistema de partículas poli dispersas no es posible basada sólo en el análisis granulométrico y se puede inducir a error por no considerar la aglomeración de las partículas, por lo que su análisis resulta más completo incorporando otros criterios que pueden ser de fácil medición. / This work was part of a study, conducted by “Doña Ines de Collahuasi” Mining Company, to reduce operational problems of copper leaching heaps management, linked to its irrigation. The irrigation process was recreated controlling flow conditions and dynamics of particle system. Columns were filled with crushed rocks which were previously agglomerated with sulfuric acid and water. Four criteria of irrigation based on refino solution were implemented, in order to determine the mechanical and physical changes in the matrix material along the process, and then contrasted with chemical parameters involved with copper recovery process. Intermittent irrigation was the best alternative for treating this type of material (oxidized with increasing sulfur compounds), accelerating extraction time by promoting sulfur compounds leaching, however, this technique caused no differences in the initial extractions, being necessary to implement techniques to increase the irrigated area in early stages, maintaining closer solution-rock contact and a proper control of pH in solutions that react with the rock. We detected no drainage problems or effects that could do unworkable the leaching with the irrigation rates, however the main physical effects were originated in surface (0-33 cm). The prediction of the behavior in this system of poly-dispersed particles cannot be solely based on particle size analysis, because it can fail by do not consider the agglomeration, being possible to incorporate other criteria easy to measure in the input materials.

The introductory part of this master thesis summarizes historical sources about water powered sawmills and their construction, according to which documentation have been prepared for the future building of the sawmill and its components. This thesis proposes various types of saw drive in terms of the construction and based on comparison of the benefits and drawbacks recommends the optimal type of drive. the Part of the work is, besides important calculations, the drawing documentation, in which objects and their components are plot. This elaborated draft is going to represent the basis for building a water powered sawmill construction as a technical monument that is going to provide information to open-air museum visitors about the method how wood was processed in the past.

Myxococcus xanthus, a model organism for studying development and Type IV pili (T4P), harbors three Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) on its chromosome. CRISPR systems, which function as an adaptive immune system in prokaryotes, are classified into three types based on CRISPR-associated genes. Evidence suggests that these three types mediate immunity slightly differently. M. xanthus CRISPR1 and CRISPR2 are Type I systems while CRISPR3 is a Type III-B system. In a genetic screen, a mariner transposon insertion in the 13th spacer of CRISPR3 (3SP13) was found to restore exopolysaccharide (EPS) production to a pilA mutant. Since the deletion of CRISPR3 failed to suppress a pilA mutation and expression of CRISPR3 from a heterologous promoter led to pilA suppression, it was concluded that the 3SP13 transposon insertion is a gain-of-function mutation. Deletion of the adjacent Repeat Associated Mysterious Proteins (RAMP) genes indicated that they are essential for the 3SP13 transposon insertion to suppress pilA, providing evidence that Type III-B systems may be involved in the regulation of chromosomal genes. We suggest that one of the spacers, once expressed and processed, may inhibit the expression of a negative regulator of EPS production in M. xanthus. / Master of Science

E. Bombieri et J. Pila ont introduit une méthode qui donne les bornees sur le nombre de points entiers qui sont appartiennent d'un arc donné (sous les plusieurs hypothèses).Dans la partie algébrique nous généralisons la méthode de Bombieri Pila pour le cas des champs de fonction de genre $0$ avec une variable. Ensuite, nous appliquons le résultat pour calculer le nombre de courbes elliptiques qui sont dans la même classe d'isomorphisme avec leurs coefficients dans une petite boîte.Une fois que nous avons prouvé ça, la question naturelle est de savoir si nous pouvons l'améliorer dans certains cas particuliers. Nous allons étudier le cas des courbes elliptiques en utilisant la partie de conjecture par Birch Swinnerton-Dyer, les propriétés des fonctions de hauteur bien avec les empilements compacts.Après, dans une partie analytique nous donnons la version explicite du théorème de Bombieri Vinogradov. Ce théorème est un résultat important concerne le terme d'erreur dans le théorème de Dirichlet sur les progressions arithmétiques, pris en moyenne sur les modules $q$ variant jusqu'à $Q$. Notre but est d'améliorer les résultats existant de cette façon (voir cite{Akbary2015}), donc nous pouvons réduire la puissance du facteur logarithmique en utilisant l'inégalité de grand crible et l'identité de Vaughan. / E.Bombieri and J.Pila introduced a method to bound the number of integral points in a small given box (under some conditions). In algebraic part we generalise this method to the case of function fields of genus $0$ in ove variable. Then we apply the result to count the number of elliptic curves falling in the same isomorphic class with coefficients lying in a small box.Once we are done the natural question is how to improve this bound for some particular families of curves. We study the case of elliptic curves and use the fact that the necessary part of Birch Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture holds over function fields. We also use the properties of height functions and results about sphere packing.In analytic part we give an explicit version of Bombieri-Vinogradov theorem. This theorem is an important result that concerns the error term in Dirichlet's theorem in arithmetic progressions averaged over moduli $q$ up to $Q$. We improve the existent result of such type given in cite{Akbary2015}. We reduce the logarithmic power by using the large sieve inequality and Vaughan identity.

This thesis describes a proposal for a rocker saw design. It addresses the general lack of current solutions, their description and it is drawing conclusions of these. The object of this thesis is to try to avoid potential problems which are being discussed in this thesis and therefore suggests solutions for enhancing the rocker saw, especially on the visual and ergonomic side.

This paper identifies seven objects in Velké Meziříčí region that has traces of historical use as mills or sawmills. Four educational tourist trails were suggested for the purposes of this paper, connecting information about mills and sawmills history and forests and their development in the region. One of the trails was chosen based on different criteria (including the historical value of objects and natural value of the forests) and for this trail was prepared a detailed description of places with map basis. The paper will be used as a basis for construction of new tourist and bike trails in the region.

The thesis deals with the restoration of the mill and sawmill in Běluň. A more detailed processing is aimed at the sawmill as a better preserved parts of the object. On the basis of the obtained or created documents are drawn up individual alternatives of restoration, which solves the activities carried out during the recovery, the changes compared to current situation, the usability of the object and the resulting economic demands.