Notre ambition a été de traduire le texte attribué à Galien intitulé Sur la thériaque à Pison où il reprend la recette de la thériaque d’Andromaque. Il a composé ce traité à l’attention de son ami Pison à qui il entreprend d’enseigner les différentes étapes de la composition à la réalisation de cet antidote si réputé dans l’Antiquité. Après un exposé détaillé et très instructif sur les préalables théoriques nécessaires en pharmacologie, Galien dresse la liste des ingrédients qui entrent dans la composition de la thériaque. Il s’attarde notamment sur l’explication des raisons de l’efficacité de la chair de vipère. En effet, la raison essentielle qui explique la capacité de la thériaque à lutter contre les effets nocifs des venins est la sympathie de la chair de vipère avec les venins. Quant à son efficience pour les nombreuses maladies, Galien l’explique par la présence des facultés diverses des simples qui entrent dans la composition du médicament. Après lui avoir donné la liste des ingrédients et mis en garde contre les différentes sources d’altération des médicaments, Galien dresse une longue liste des vertus thérapeutiques et curatives de la thériaque qui, selon lui, justifient largement la grande renommée dont elle jouissait auprès des empereurs romains notamment et plus largement auprès de tous ceux qui connaissaient son action. Nous avons tenté dans notre thèse de rendre ce texte plus accessible à un public pas toujours helléniste. Nous avons essayé dans la mesure du possible de rester fidèles aux idées de Galien dans notre traduction. Dans la dernière partie de cette thèse, nous avons aussi apporté commentaires et éclaircissements aux passages qui méritent selon nous une attention particulière. / Our aim has been to translate the text attributed to Galen: “On theriac to Piso” in which he takes again the recipe of Andromac’s theriac. He has dedicated this treaty to Piso to whom he teaches the different steps, from composition to realization, of this antidote that was very famous during the antiquity. After detailed and very instructive out settings of the necessary theoretical preconditions in pharmacology, Galen draws up the list of the ingredients that compose the theriac. He dwells on explicating the reasons which cause the efficiency of viper’s flesh. In fact, the main reason that explains theriac’s capacity in fighting against bad effects of the venoms is the sympathy between these one and viper’s flesh. As for the antidote’s effectiveness against many illnesses, Galen explains it by the presence of various powers of the simples that are among the ingredients which compose the medicine. After having given him the list of the ingredients and warned him of the different sources that can spoil the medicines, Galen draws on a long list of theriac’s therapeutical and curative properties which justify the fact that it was well known by people who knew its action, in particular by roman emperors. In our thesis, we tried to make this text more accessible for an audience that is not always Hellenist. So, we tried as far as possible to translate faithfully Galen’s speeches. In the thesis’ last part, we have formulated some comments and explanations on passages to which a particular attention must be paid.

The main goal of the theoretical part of submitted theses is to describe the field of specialized treatment of imprisoned drug users. The author's emphasis is to put the specialized treatment to a broader frame of the Risk-needs theory as well as to the frame of physical diseases and mental disorders that are often associated with addiction or drug abuse. Different kinds of specialized interventions that are usually used for treatment of imprisoned drug users in different countries are described. There is although demonstrated in which way these interventions are implemented in Czech prison system. By these interventions are especially meant treatment on the entry at the prison, detoxification, counselling and other programs and interventions with low intensity. Especial emphasis is put on residential prison programmes such as prison therapeutic communities for drug users and on opioid substitution treatment. A great number of pages are dedicated to the research of effectivity of treatment programmes. In the practical part of submitted theses results of cross-sectional study that was implemented in all Czech prisons in three waves in 2010, 2012 and 2014 are presented. Representative samples of Czech prisoners were chosen for the purpose of this cross-sectional study. These prisoners were asked to...