Spelling suggestions: "subject:"plantar flexor"" "subject:"slantar flexor""
1 |
A 10-Week Stretching Program Increases Strength in the Contralateral MuscleNelson, Arnold G., Kokkonen, Joke, Winchester, Jason B., Kalani, Walter, Peterson, Karen, Kenly, Michael S., Arnall, David A. 01 March 2012 (has links)
It was questioned whether a unilateral stretching program would induce a crosstraining effect in the contralateral muscle. To test this, 13 untrained individuals participated in a 10-week stretching program while 12 other untrained individuals served as a control group. For the experimental group, the right calf muscle was stretched 4 times for 30 seconds, with a 30-second rest between stretches, 3 d·wk -1 for 10 weeks. Strength determined via 1 repetition maximum (1RM) unilateral standing toe raise, and range of motion (ROM) were measured pre-post. In the treatment group, the stretched calf muscle had a significant (p < 0.05) 8% increase in ROM, whereas the nonstretched calf muscle had a significant 1% decrease in ROM. The 1 RM of the stretched calf muscle significantly increased 29%, whereas the 1RM of the nonstretched calf muscle significantly increased 11%. In the control group, neither 1RM nor ROM changed for either leg. The results indicate that 10 weeks of stretching only the right calf will significantly increase the strength of both calves. Hence, chronic stretching can also induce a crosstraining effect for strength but not for the ROM. This study also validates earlier findings suggesting that stretching can elicit strength gains in untrained individuals.
|
2 |
Operant Conditioning of Tibialis Anterior and Soleus H-reflex Improves Spinal Reflex Modulation and Walking Function in Individuals with Motor-Incomplete Spinal Cord InjuryManella, Kathleen J 05 December 2011 (has links)
Spinal cord injury (SCI) manifests signs of spasticity, plantar flexor (PF) hyperreflexia and ankle clonus, and deficits in motor function. In individuals with motor-incomplete SCI (MISCI), ankle clonus may limit independent walking function. Ankle clonus is attributed to enhanced soleus stretch reflex (SSR) excitability due to decreased supraspinal input and maladaptive reorganization of spinal reflex circuitry. We explored these questions: 1. What are the biomechanical, clinical, and neurophysiologic correlates of ankle clonus? 2. Does locomotor training improve ankle clonus and walking function? 3. Will operant conditioning-based interventions that increase tibialis anterior activation or decrease soleus reflex excitability improve ankle motor control and walking function? In Chapter 2 we compared Ankle Clonus Drop Test (Drop Test) measures with clinical and neurophysiologic measures. Drop Test measures were highly reliable and exhibited moderate to strong correlations with clinical and neurophysiologic measures. Analysis of EMG activity during clonus revealed a predominant pattern of antagonist coactivation. In Chapter 3 we investigated the effects of locomotor training on PF and quadriceps spasticity, and walking function. We assessed responsiveness of the PF reflex threshold angle, a Drop Test measure of PF spasticity. PF and quadriceps spasticity decreased after locomotor training and were moderately correlated with increased walking speed. The PF reflex threshold angle measure discriminated between individuals with and without clonus. In Chapter 4 we compared the effects of two operant-conditioning based interventions to, (1) increase TA EMG activation (TA↑) and (2) decrease SOL H-reflex amplitude during active dorsiflexion (SOL↓), on reflex modulation, ankle motor control, and walking function. Each intervention improved walking function; however, modulated the variables in unique ways. TA↑ improved deficits of strength and range of motion, and SOL↓ improved modulation of SSR and SOL/TA coactivation. In Chapter 5 we discussed implications of our conclusions: (1) Drop Test ankle clonus measures are valid, reliable, and responsive; (2) antagonist coactivation was predominant during ankle clonus; (3) in individuals with chronic MISCI, locomotor training decreased PF and quadriceps spasticity and improved walking function; and (4) an operant conditioning-based intervention to either increase TA strength or decrease SOL reflex excitability improved spinal reflex modulation and walking function.
|
3 |
Relationship between ankle plantar flexor force steadiness and postural stability on stable and unstable platforms / 足関節底屈筋力のステディネスと安定面および不安定面上の姿勢安定性との関連Hirono, Tetsuya 23 March 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第23122号 / 人健博第84号 / 新制||人健||6(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 黒木 裕士, 教授 青山 朋樹, 教授 松田 秀一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM
|
4 |
Efeito do treinamento de estabilidade de força dos músculos flexores plantares na oscilação postural de idosas / Effect of strength stability training of plantar flexor muscles on the postural oscillation of elderly womenBarbosa, Roberto Negri 07 February 2018 (has links)
O controle postural em idosos tem sido estudado com o objetivo de melhor entender os fatores que levam esta população a sofrer mais quedas que os indivíduos jovens. A maior variabilidade de força dos músculos flexores plantares (MFP) aparenta estar diretamente associada ao menor controle postural principalmente em adultos jovens. Além disto, o treinamento específico de estabilidade de força dos MFP em baixas intensidades parece diminuir a variabilidade de força destes músculos e também diminuir a oscilação postural de adultos jovens. Entretanto, faltam esclarecimentos sobre a associação entre variabilidade de força dos MFP e oscilação postural na população idosa, bem como os efeitos de um treinamento específico de estabilidade de força destes músculos para esta mesma população. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a associação entre variabilidade de força dos MFP e a oscilação postural de idosas e examinar os efeitos do treinamento de estabilidade de força na variabilidade da força dos MFP, na coativação muscular dos músculos tibial anterior (TA) e gastrocnêmio medial (GM) e na oscilação corporal destas idosas. Para isto, 40 mulheres idosas foram divididas em quatro grupos: Grupo GT5 (n=10) que realizou treinamentos a 5% da contração isométrica voluntária máxima (CIVM) dos MFP; Grupo GT10 (n=10) que realizou treinamentos a 10% da CIVM dos MFP; Grupo GTLP (n=10) que realizou treinamentos a 10% de uma repetição máxima dos MFP no equipamento Leg Press; Grupo GC (n=10) que não realizou nenhum treinamento específico para os MFP e foi utilizado como controle. Foram avaliadas a oscilação corporal durante a manutenção da postura bipodal ereta, a variabilidade da força dos MFP e a coativação muscular dos músculos TA e GM antes e após o período de treinamento. Este treinamento foi realizado uma vez por semana durante quatro semanas. Em cada sessão de treino a participante realizou cinco séries em que mantinha por 30 segundos a força isométrica de flexão plantar, de acordo com as especificações de seu grupo. Os resultados revelaram que o treinamento de estabilidade de força dos MFP realizado pelos grupos GT5, GT10 e GTLP foi eficiente e diminuiu a variabilidade de força das participantes na condição de 5% da CIVM com feedback visual, além disso, mostrou que o grupo GT5 também diminuiu sua variabilidade de força para a condição 10% da CIVM com feedback visual. Em relação ao controle postural, foi observado que os grupos GT5 e GT10 aumentaram sua amplitude média de oscilação na direção ântero-posterior após o treinamento. Com relação à ativação dos músculos TA e GM, os grupos GT5 e GT10 diminuíram o índice de coativação muscular para as condições 5% e 10% com feedback visual após o treinamento e o grupo GT5 ainda apresentou diminuição da coativação para a condição 5% sem feedback visual. Finalmente, os resultados apontaram que para população idosa não há relação entre a variabilidade de força dos MFP e o controle da postura. Portanto, estes resultados indicam que, na população idosa não existe associação entre controle postural e variabilidade de força dos MFP, e mesmo que não esteja claro o efeito do treinamento no controle da postura, a redução da variabilidade da força e coativação muscular podem ser interpretadas como um ganho em termos de controle motor / Elderly postural control has been studied in order to better understand the factors that lead this population to suffer more falls than young individuals. Greater variability of plantar flexor muscles (PFM) strength appears to be directly associated to lower postural control mainly in young adults. In addition, specific training of PFM strength stability at low intensities seems to decrease force variability of these muscles and also to decrease postural oscillation of young adults. However, there is a lack of clarification about the association between PFM force variability and postural oscillation in elderly population, as well as the effects of specific stability strength training of these muscles for this same population. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the association between PFM force variability and postural oscillation in elderly, and to examine the effects of strength stability training on PFM force variability in the muscle coactivation of anterior tibial muscles (AT) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) and in the body oscillation of these elderly women. For this, 40 elderly women were divided into four groups: Group TG5 (n = 10) who performed training at 5% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of PFM; TG10 group (n = 10) who performed training at 10% of the MVIC of PFM; TGLP group (n = 10) who underwent training at 10% of a maximum repetition of the PFMs in the Leg Press equipment; Group CG (n = 10) who did not perform any specific training for PFMs and was used as control. Body oscillation was evaluated during maintenance of upright bipodal posture, PFM force variability, and muscle coactivation of AT and MG muscles before and after the training period. This training was performed once a week for four weeks. In each training session participant performed five series in which he maintained for 30 seconds the isometric force of plantar flexion, according to the specifications of his group. The results showed that the PFM force stability training performed by TG5, TG10 and TGLP groups was efficient and decreased the strength variability of the participants in the 5% condition of the MVIC with visual feedback, in addition, showed that the TG5 group also decreased its force variability to the 10% MVIC condition with visual feedback. Regarding the postural control, it was observed that the TG5 and TG10 groups increased their mean amplitude of oscillation in the anteroposterior direction after the training. Regarding the activation of the AT and MG muscles, the TG5 and TG10 groups decreased the muscle activation rate for the 5% and 10% conditions with visual feedback after the training and the TG5 group still showed a decrease of the coactivation for the condition 5% without visual feedback. Finally, the results pointed out that for the elderly population there is no relation between the PFM strength variability and the posture control. Therefore, these results indicate that, in the elderly population, there is no association between postural control and PFM strength variability, and even though the effect of training on posture control is not clear, the reduction in strength variability and muscle coactivation can be interpreted as a gain in terms of motor control
|
5 |
Efeito do treinamento de estabilidade de força dos músculos flexores plantares na oscilação postural de idosas / Effect of strength stability training of plantar flexor muscles on the postural oscillation of elderly womenRoberto Negri Barbosa 07 February 2018 (has links)
O controle postural em idosos tem sido estudado com o objetivo de melhor entender os fatores que levam esta população a sofrer mais quedas que os indivíduos jovens. A maior variabilidade de força dos músculos flexores plantares (MFP) aparenta estar diretamente associada ao menor controle postural principalmente em adultos jovens. Além disto, o treinamento específico de estabilidade de força dos MFP em baixas intensidades parece diminuir a variabilidade de força destes músculos e também diminuir a oscilação postural de adultos jovens. Entretanto, faltam esclarecimentos sobre a associação entre variabilidade de força dos MFP e oscilação postural na população idosa, bem como os efeitos de um treinamento específico de estabilidade de força destes músculos para esta mesma população. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a associação entre variabilidade de força dos MFP e a oscilação postural de idosas e examinar os efeitos do treinamento de estabilidade de força na variabilidade da força dos MFP, na coativação muscular dos músculos tibial anterior (TA) e gastrocnêmio medial (GM) e na oscilação corporal destas idosas. Para isto, 40 mulheres idosas foram divididas em quatro grupos: Grupo GT5 (n=10) que realizou treinamentos a 5% da contração isométrica voluntária máxima (CIVM) dos MFP; Grupo GT10 (n=10) que realizou treinamentos a 10% da CIVM dos MFP; Grupo GTLP (n=10) que realizou treinamentos a 10% de uma repetição máxima dos MFP no equipamento Leg Press; Grupo GC (n=10) que não realizou nenhum treinamento específico para os MFP e foi utilizado como controle. Foram avaliadas a oscilação corporal durante a manutenção da postura bipodal ereta, a variabilidade da força dos MFP e a coativação muscular dos músculos TA e GM antes e após o período de treinamento. Este treinamento foi realizado uma vez por semana durante quatro semanas. Em cada sessão de treino a participante realizou cinco séries em que mantinha por 30 segundos a força isométrica de flexão plantar, de acordo com as especificações de seu grupo. Os resultados revelaram que o treinamento de estabilidade de força dos MFP realizado pelos grupos GT5, GT10 e GTLP foi eficiente e diminuiu a variabilidade de força das participantes na condição de 5% da CIVM com feedback visual, além disso, mostrou que o grupo GT5 também diminuiu sua variabilidade de força para a condição 10% da CIVM com feedback visual. Em relação ao controle postural, foi observado que os grupos GT5 e GT10 aumentaram sua amplitude média de oscilação na direção ântero-posterior após o treinamento. Com relação à ativação dos músculos TA e GM, os grupos GT5 e GT10 diminuíram o índice de coativação muscular para as condições 5% e 10% com feedback visual após o treinamento e o grupo GT5 ainda apresentou diminuição da coativação para a condição 5% sem feedback visual. Finalmente, os resultados apontaram que para população idosa não há relação entre a variabilidade de força dos MFP e o controle da postura. Portanto, estes resultados indicam que, na população idosa não existe associação entre controle postural e variabilidade de força dos MFP, e mesmo que não esteja claro o efeito do treinamento no controle da postura, a redução da variabilidade da força e coativação muscular podem ser interpretadas como um ganho em termos de controle motor / Elderly postural control has been studied in order to better understand the factors that lead this population to suffer more falls than young individuals. Greater variability of plantar flexor muscles (PFM) strength appears to be directly associated to lower postural control mainly in young adults. In addition, specific training of PFM strength stability at low intensities seems to decrease force variability of these muscles and also to decrease postural oscillation of young adults. However, there is a lack of clarification about the association between PFM force variability and postural oscillation in elderly population, as well as the effects of specific stability strength training of these muscles for this same population. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the association between PFM force variability and postural oscillation in elderly, and to examine the effects of strength stability training on PFM force variability in the muscle coactivation of anterior tibial muscles (AT) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) and in the body oscillation of these elderly women. For this, 40 elderly women were divided into four groups: Group TG5 (n = 10) who performed training at 5% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of PFM; TG10 group (n = 10) who performed training at 10% of the MVIC of PFM; TGLP group (n = 10) who underwent training at 10% of a maximum repetition of the PFMs in the Leg Press equipment; Group CG (n = 10) who did not perform any specific training for PFMs and was used as control. Body oscillation was evaluated during maintenance of upright bipodal posture, PFM force variability, and muscle coactivation of AT and MG muscles before and after the training period. This training was performed once a week for four weeks. In each training session participant performed five series in which he maintained for 30 seconds the isometric force of plantar flexion, according to the specifications of his group. The results showed that the PFM force stability training performed by TG5, TG10 and TGLP groups was efficient and decreased the strength variability of the participants in the 5% condition of the MVIC with visual feedback, in addition, showed that the TG5 group also decreased its force variability to the 10% MVIC condition with visual feedback. Regarding the postural control, it was observed that the TG5 and TG10 groups increased their mean amplitude of oscillation in the anteroposterior direction after the training. Regarding the activation of the AT and MG muscles, the TG5 and TG10 groups decreased the muscle activation rate for the 5% and 10% conditions with visual feedback after the training and the TG5 group still showed a decrease of the coactivation for the condition 5% without visual feedback. Finally, the results pointed out that for the elderly population there is no relation between the PFM strength variability and the posture control. Therefore, these results indicate that, in the elderly population, there is no association between postural control and PFM strength variability, and even though the effect of training on posture control is not clear, the reduction in strength variability and muscle coactivation can be interpreted as a gain in terms of motor control
|
Page generated in 0.0336 seconds