二体衝突近似法を、粒子－物質相互作用に関する様々な現象に応用した。特に二体衝突近似法と動的モンテカルロ法の接続によるBCA-kMCハイブリッドシミュレーションにより、従来の二体衝突近似法と拡散方程式を合わせた手法が抱える問題を克服することで、材料内での不純物拡散挙動をより詳細に解析することに成功した。本論文は将来的な二体衝突近似法の幅広い分野への応用の足がかりになることが期待される。 / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

La fusion thermonucléaire est l'une des candidates favorites a la production d'énergie au courant de ce siècle. Parmi les défi que nous pose cette discipline, on note la turbulence au bord des machine de fusion et l'interaction plasma paroi. En effet nous avons montre que les fluctuations turbulentes affectent le transport des particules neutres et le rayonnement qui leur est associe. En particulier, sont affectes les neutres lents (dont le libre parcours moyen est de l'ordre de la longueur de corrélation des fluctuations), comme les molécules et les atomes d´impuretés pulvérises a la parois. Cette conclusion nous a conduit a inclure ces fluctuations dans le code de transport EIRENE utilise pour le dimensionnement de la machine ITER. Il a aussi été montre qu'en moyenne les fluctuations favorisent la pénétration des neutres dans le plasma. / Edge plasma of tokamaks manifests high level of fluctuations amplitude (>50%). It has been demonstrated that such a fluctuations affect significantly the transport of neutral particles, and in particular the slow particles as molecules and sputtered impurities. That is their penetration depth in the plasma is enhanced in the average. Then turbulent fluctuations are now implemented in the monte carlo transport code EIRENE used for the design of ITER.

Thermonuclear fusion may become an attractive future power source. The most promising of all fusion machine concepts is the tokamak. Despite decades of active research, still huge tasks remain before a fusion power plant can go online. One of these important tasks deals with the interaction between the fusion plasma and the reactor wall. This work focuses on how eroded wall materials of different origin and mass are transported in a tokamak device. Element transport can be examined by injection of certain species of unique and predetermined origin, so called tracers. Tracer experiments were conducted at the TEXTOR tokamak before its final shutdown. This offered an unique opportunity for studies of the wall and other internal components: For the first time it was possible to completely dismantle such a machine and analyse every single part of reactor wall, obtaining a detailed pattern of material migration. Main focus of this work is on the high-Z metals tungsten and molybdenum, which were introduced by WF6 and MoF6 injection into the TEXTOR tokamak in several material migration experiments. It is shown that Mo and W migrate in a similar way around the tokamak and that Mo can be used as tracer for W transport. It is further shown how other materials - medium-Z (Ni), low-Z (N-15 and F), fuel species (D) - migrate and get deposited. Finally, the outcome of dust sampling studies is discussed. It is shown that dust appearance and composition depends on origin, formation conditions and that it can originate even from remote systems like the NBI system. Furthermore, metal splashes and droplets have been found, some of them clearly indicating boiling processes. / <p>QC 20151203</p>