Magister Public Health - MPH / Background: Although great strides have been made in reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in Namibia, the universal target of less than 5% by 2015 has not yet been achieved. In an effort to scale-up services in the programme, a comprehensive family centred approach which broadens HIV prevention activities and considers HIV as a family disease was instituted. However its success has been affected by low male partner participation in the programme. Study aim: To investigate factors influencing male partner involvement in MTCT-plus programme in Gobabis District, Omaheke Region, Namibia. Study design and data collection: This was a cross sectional descriptive study that wasconducted using a qualitative research methodology. Data was generated through focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews. Four same sex FGDs were conducted with men and pregnant women. The study participants were HIV positive pregnant women and HIV positive women in their postnatal period purposefully selected from the PMTCT clients. A few male participants were partners of the female participants and other men conveniently sampled from the community. Seven in-depth interviews were conducted to gather information from key informants who were programme managers and midwives. Thematic analysis was used for the data analysis. Results: Men were generally knowledgeable and appreciated the importance of participating in the MTCT-plus programme but the majority of them did not participate. They cited several barriers to actively supporting their partners. Men‘s participation in the MTCT-plus programme was affected by lack of trust in the health workers and cultural practices that shift the role of taking care of their partners to the biological parents. The other barriers included HIV related stigma, unfriendly environment at the antenatal care clinics, time and work related constraints, having many sexual partners and gender and power imbalances in relationships that affect patterns of communication on HIV related matters. Discussion: Participation in the MTCT-plus programme is well supported by men. However, few men put this into practice because of complexities surrounding their specific role in women reproductive health issues, as well as cultural practices and health facilities organizational structures that preclude men from participation in the MTCT-plus programme. Given the positive attitude by men towards participation in this programme, creating a male friendly space within the MTCT-plus programme and empowering men to participate in them should be prioritized for the programme to achieve its goals.

Nous construisons, pour les corps quadratiques imaginaires avec nombre de classes 1, un site arithmétique de type Connes-Consani. La principale difficulté ici est que les constructions de Connes et Consani et une partie de leurs résultats reposent sur la relation d'ordre naturellement présente sur les nombres réels qui est compatible avec les opérations arithmétiques basiques. Bien sûr rien de la sorte n'existe pas dans le cas des corps quadratiques imaginaires avec nombre de classes 1. Nous définissons ce que nous appelons le site arithmétique pour de tels corps de nombres, puis nous calculons les points de ces sites arithmétiques et nous les exprimons en termes de l'espace des classes d'adèles considéré par Connes pour donner une interprétation spectrale des zéros des fonctions L de Hecke. On obtient alors que pour un corps quadratique imaginaire avec nombre de classes 1, les points de notre site arithmétique sont reliés aux zéros de la fonction zêta de Dedekind du corps de nombres considéré et aux zéros de certaines fonctions L de Hecke. Nous étudions ensuite la relation entre le spectre de l'anneau des entiers du corps de nombres et le site arithmétique. Enfin nous construisons le carré du site arithmétique. / We construct, for imaginary quadratic number fields with class number 1, an arithmetic site of Connes-Consani type. The main difficulty here is that the constructions of Connes and Consani and part of their results strongly rely on the natural order existing on real numbers which is compatible with basic arithmetic operations. Of course nothing of this sort exists in the case of imaginary quadratic number fields with class number 1. We first define what we call arithmetic site for such number fields, we then calculate the points of those arithmetic sites and we express them in terms of the ad\`eles class space considered by Connes to give a spectral interpretation of zeroes of Hecke L functions of number fields. We get therefore that for a fixed imaginary quadratic number field with class number 1, that the points of our arithmetic site are related to the zeroes of the Dedekind zeta function of the number field considered and to the zeroes of some Hecke L functions. We then study the relation between the spectrum of the ring of integers of the number field and the arithmetic site. Finally we construct the square of the arithmetic site.

This thesis describes continuing development of new programming language C Plus conceived in earlier Bachelor’s Thesis oriented on enhancing C language with high level constructs with no additional cost. During development, several important languages were compared and C Plus along with its grammar were expanded, advantages of additions were discussed and compared with solutions in other languages. Described enhancements were implemented in the compiler.

This diploma thesis deals with the company performance assessment of the selected organization. The described organization is called ENVINET Inc. and it is analyzed according to multi-criteria model START PLUS. According to this model, the final point assessment of the company is realised, strengths and weaknesses and areas for improvement are identified. There are also proposed specific measures whose implementation can improve the performance of the analyzed company.

No description available.

[pt] A indústria da borracha sintética tem grande importância e está presente no cotidiano da sociedade mundial. A borracha de butadieno ou polibutadieno é um dos polímeros mais utilizados neste campo, principalmente na produção de pneus. Portanto, o controle das condições operacionais e das propriedades finais do polímero formado são pontos importantes a serem estudados, pois são um desafio para a indústria. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como foco simular a polimerização em solução de polibutadieno utilizando o software Aspen Plus, onde foram utilizados 1,3-butadieno, tetracloreto de titânio, trietilalumínio e hexano como monômero, catalisador, cocatalisador e solvente, respectivamente. Nesta parte do trabalho, obtiveram-se gráficos de distribuição de massa molar que apresentaram propriedades semelhantes aos polibutadienos comerciais e alguns polibutadienos sintetizados em escala de bancada encontrados na literatura. Além disso, em uma segunda parte do trabalho, estuda-se e explica-se a técnica de distribuição instantânea e como foi gerada uma base de dados para um modelo de aprendizagem de máquina chamado de XGBoost, onde pontos dos gráficos da MMD (molar mass distribution) do polímero serviram como entrada do modelo a fim de prever as constantes cinéticas da polimerização. Ambos os estudos e simulações mostram que três e quatro sítios de catalisadores ativos são capazes de sintetizar polímeros com propriedades semelhantes aos polibutadienos comerciais e em escala de bancada. / [en] The synthetic rubber industry is of great importance and is present in the daily life of world society. Butadiene rubber or polybutadiene is one of the most used polymers in this field, mainly in the production of tires. Therefore, controlling the operating conditions and the final properties of the polymer formed are important points to be studied, as they are a challenge for the industry. Thus, the present work focuses on simulating the polymerization in solution of polybutadiene using the Aspen Plus software, where 1,3-butadiene, titanium tetrachloride, triethylaluminum and hexane were used as monomer, catalyst, cocatalyst and solvent, respectively. From the work, molar mass distribution graphs were obtained that showed properties similar to commercial polybutadienes and some polybutadienes synthesized on a bench scale found in the literature. Furthermore, in a second part of the work, the instant distribution technique is studied and explained and how a database was generated for a machine learning model called XGBoost, where points from the MMD (molar mass distribution) graphs of the polymer served as input to the model in order to predict the kinetic constants of polymerization. Both studies and simulations show that three and four sites of active catalysts are able to synthesize polymers with properties similar to commercial and bench-scale polybutadienes.

XIV Congreso Nacional de Educadores, llevado a cabo del 2 al 4 de Agosto de 2011. Perú / Conferencia que aborda el contexto actual de las redes sociales así como las herramientas para un mejor uso.

Antalet kraftiga människor ökar i Sverige enligt Statistiska Centralbyrån. Behovet av kläder i större storlekar har därmed blivit mer utbrett. KappAhl har sedan 1997 haft en kollektion vid namn XLNT som vänder sig till detta marknadssegment. XLNT är idag ett relativt känt och inarbetat varumärke som har vuxit stadigt. För att förbättra kollektionen ytterligare vill KappAhl göra en vidareutveckling av XLNT. Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka hur KappAhl ska kunna utveckla och förbättra XLNT kollektionen. För att uppfylla syftet har vi kartlagt de befintliga konkurrenterna H&M, Lindex, Åhléns samt Ellos och deras motsvarigheter till XLNT. Vi har genom kvalitativa undersökningar utrett vad kunderna anser om varumärket i sin helhet med allt ifrån inriktning till varuvisning och marknadsföring. Vidare har vi studerat ett antal marknadsstrategier som är av betydelse för KappAhl och XLNT. I undersökningen kom vi bland annat fram till att konkurrensen mellan KappAhl och ovanstående företag är hård då deras plus-size sortiment inte skiljer sig så mycket från varandra. Vid de kvalitativa intervjuerna framgick det att kunderna är relativt nöjda med XLNT. Vad som framförallt efterfrågas är bättre passformar, kläder med ett tuffare uttryck samt att KappAhl ska visa upp och marknadsföra sin plus-size kollektion. Vi poängterar även vikten av tydlig segmentering, differentiering och positionering. Avslutningen delger förslag till hur KappAhl kan förbättra XLNT med allt ifrån design, marknadsföring och kundrelation. / Program: Textil produktutveckling och entreprenörskap

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of MI Paste Plus™ in increasing remineralization and improving the esthetic appearance of white spot lesions in patients who have been treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Material and Methods: A total of twelve subject participants aged twelve to twenty years were selected in this pilot study. The six treatment group subjects were treated with MI Paste PlusTM every three weeks in-office (4 applications) and via invisible retainer every night for a total of 12 weeks. The in-office application consisted of a 1 minute 35% phosphoric acid and a 5 minute MI Paste PlusTM contact time. At home, the subjects went about their routine oral hygiene practices, but added MI Paste PlusTM to their invisible retainer before bedtime which was worn throughout the night. Photographs and quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) were used to calculate white spot lesion area and ∆F values respectively. Results: A significant difference was found in the control group for the area of the white spot lesion in antimere teeth #6 and #11. When analyzing the white spot lesion area in the treatment group, significant differences were found in tooth #6, antimere teeth #6 and #11, antimere teeth #8 and #9, as well as all teeth. ∆F values for all teeth in both the control and treatment groups were significant. Conclusion: In-office and at home treatment with MI Paste Plus™ showed a statistically significant reduction in photographic lesion area when compared to controls. Both MI Paste Plus™ and a fluoride toothpaste will provide some remineralization of white spot lesions.

This present study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of two types of school library displays: a display with books only, called Display, and a display with books, posters, models, copy, and realia, called Display +. The effectiveness of these displays was to be measured in two ways: a) through the observation of the attaction power, holding power and viewer participation in a display and b) through measuring the circulation of displayed books. Before commencing the study a literature search was conducted. The result of the literature search yielded four authors, Goldhor (1972; 1981), Aguilar (1983), Watson (1985), and Baker (1986), who had researched the relationship between circulation and displays. Each of these studies used the measurable effect of circulation increasing, decreasing or remaining constant to determine the effect of the display. This present study used a similar methodology and monitored the circulation of books on both types of displays. However, this study sought to go beyond the effect of circulation in determining the effectiveness of displays because the previous studies had not taken into account the library user who is affected by the display but is unable to borrow a book from the display. The literature search turned towards the area of museum exhibits and displays and the methodology employed to evaluate these exhibits and displays. Shettel (1968), Warren (1972), Screven (1976), Linn (1976), Clowes and Wolfe (1980), and Miles (1982) used attraction and holding power as measures of museum exhibit and display effectiveness. Similarly, library users can be attracted and their attention held by library displays. To the variables of attraction and holding power this study added the variable of participation, picking up books or other items in the display not necessarily with the intent of borrowing the books. In order to construct a Display + and control as far as possible the elements in the display a literature search of books and articles relating to the design elements of displays was conducted, and findings applied in the construction of the display. Shettel's (1968) methodology of unobtrusive observation was employed in this study with the added benefit of videotaping the observations. The hypotheses were set out in three groups, those relating to a single display, those comparing the effectiveness of Display and Display +, and those relating to circulation. The results of this study found in general that the attraction power of Display + exceeded the attraction power of Display but the holding power and participation in Display was greater than that of Display + indicating that the designer of library displays should pay particular attention to the purpose of displays in their libraries. The results of the circulation hypothesis confirmed the results of Goldhor (1972;1981), Aguilar (1983), Watson (1985), and Baker (1986) that more books circulated when they were displayed than when they were on the library shelves.