Spelling suggestions: "subject:"dolarization M1/M2"" "subject:"molarization M1/M2""
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DIFFERENTIATION OF U-937 MONOCYTES TO MACROPHAGE-LIKE CELLS POLARIZED INTO M1 OR M2 PHENOTYPES ACCORDING TO THEIR SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT: A STUDY OF MORPHOLOGY, CELL VIABILITY, AND CD MARKERS OF AN IN VITRO MODEL OF HUMAN MACROPHAGESAbdulhadi, Fatma Husien S. 30 May 2014 (has links)
No description available.
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Caractérisation de la polarisation des macrophages pulmonaires humains et voies de régulation / Phenotypic characterization of polarized in vitro human lung macrophages and regulatory pathwaysAbrial, Charlotte 03 November 2014 (has links)
Les macrophages jouent un rôle dans l'inflammation de certaines pathologies pulmonaires comme l'asthme et la broncho pneumopathie chronique obstructive. Selon la dichotomie Th1 et Th2, les macrophages s'activent en phénotype M1/M2 en fonction du microenvironnement. Sous l'influence du lipopolysaccharide (LPS) les macrophages s'activent en phénotype M1. A l'inverse, l'exposition aux cytokines Th2 (interleukine (IL)-4/IL-13) induit un phénotype M2 des macrophages. Nous avons réalisé une étude transcriptomique des marqueurs de la polarisation M1/M2 des macrophages pulmonaires humains. La polarisation M1 induite par le LPS augmente la production des cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, CCL2, 3, 4, 5, CXCL1, 8, 10), de la PGE2 et l'expression du CD38 et CD197. La polarisation M2 induite par l'IL-4/IL-13 augmente l'expression des cytokines (CCL13, 17, 22, 26), de la 15-lipoxygénase (15-LOX) et du CD206. Nous avons évalué l'expression des 15-LOX-1 et 15-LOX-2 et leur rôle dans la régulation de la polarisation des macrophages pulmonaires. Le LPS augmente l'expression de la 15-LOX-2 alors que l'IL-4/IL-13 augmente l'expression de la 15-LOX-1. L'inhibition des 15-lipoxygénases diminue la production des cytokines M1/M2. Enfin, nous avons étudié l'expression et le rôle du récepteur nicotinique α7 dans la polarisation des macrophages pulmonaires humains. Ces derniers expriment les récepteurs nicotiniques α7 dont la stimulation par des agonistes nicotiniques α7 diminue la production des cytokines M1/M2. Ce travail apporte de nouvelles connaissances sur la polarisation des macrophages, dont certaines voies de régulation peuvent être impliquées dans les pathologies inflammatoire pulmonaires / In pulmonary diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, macrophages orchestrate inflammatory reactions. In response to environmental signals, macrophages exhibit a phenotypic polarization that mirrors the Th1/Th2 polarization. Upon exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), macrophages undergo M1 polarization. In contrast, interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 induce M2 polarization.In our first study, we characterized the phenotypic differentiation of human lung macrophages (LM) using a whole-transcriptome approach. Cytokines, lipid metabolism and membrane markers were among the most affected genes. LPS-induced M1 polarization was associated with an increase in the production of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, CCL2, 3, 4, 5, CXCL1, 8, 10), in PGE2 signalling and in the expression of CD38 and CD197. IL-4/IL-13-induced M2 macrophages increased expression of cytokines (CCL13, 17, 22, 26), 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and CD206. In the second study, we investigated the expression of 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 and their roles in regulating the polarization of human LM. LPS increased the expression of 15-LOX-2 whereas IL-4/IL-13 induced the expression of 15-LOX-1. Inhibition of the 15-LOX pathways decreased the production of both M1 and M2 cytokines. The third study investigated the expression of α7 nicotinic receptors (α7nAChR) and their regulating roles in the polarization of LM. Expression of α7nAChR was found in unstimulated LM. Specific α7nAChR agonists decreased the in vitro production of both M1 and M2 cytokines. Our work adds new insights in the macrophage polarization and some of the regulatory pathways that may be involved in pulmonary diseases
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