Suicide is a reality in South Africa that can be confirmed by the increasing statistics annually. The South African Police Service (SAPS) also shows increasing numbers of suicide. However, these numbers only focus on successful suicides and little is known about the suicidal ideation of members within the service. It now seems that only the tip of the iceberg is causing panic. although the problem might be much bigger than originally thought. In this research the emphasis will be on possible correlations between coping sense of coherence and job satisfaction on the one hand and suicidal ideation on the other hand within the SAPS in the North West Province. If correlations between coping: sense of coherence, job satisfaction and suicidal ideation can be found, it can be of great significance for the SAPS, especially in terms of recruitments, selection, development and management of human recourses. The objective of this research is to determine if there is a relationship between coping sense of coherence, job satisfaction and suicidal ideation among police personnel. The focus of the literature was on the conceptualising of suicidal ideation and if suicidal ideation can be linked to construct such as coping, sense of coherence and job satisfaction. The research is quantitative in nature and entails a survey design. The population consisted of 120 police personnel in the North West Province, of which all were ranked between constable to inspector. Four measuring instruments were used, namely the Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire and the ways of Coping Questionnaire. The SAS-program was used for statistical analysis purposes. Descriptive statistics, t-test, product moment correlations and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the results. Police personnel indicated dissatisfaction with regard to the remuneration that they receive, as well as physical working conditions, supervision-human and company policy. They use coping styles such as seeking social support, planful problem-solving as well as positive reappraisal. Black police members showed to be more suicidal than white members. The empirical study showed that dissatisfaction with specific aspects of their work and sense of coherence could predict suicidal ideation. Recommendations for future research are made in the conclusion. / Thesis (M.A.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2000.

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This study examines the development of policing in Glasgow from 1779 to 1846. It argues that while police reform in the city fits more closely with the revisionist view of police history than the traditionalist, neither, in terms of how they are presented in relation to England, do justice to the distinct and complex manner in which the police institution in Glasgow, or Scotland for that matter, evolved. The absence of obligatory legislative enactments and clear dividing lines between the old and the new police in Scotland, combined with the peculiar nature of the 'police' concept, resulted in a different course of development which neither model accommodates precisely. Police development in Glasgow, the study contends, was characterised by one dominant factor - namely, the middle class seeking to control and manage more effectively their city in the face of rapid urbanisation. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, this took the form of establishing a new range of public amenity provisions that were essential to health and safety. However, while this commitment to the wider aspect of policing was never entirely superseded, the control and management of people rather than the environment became of increasing importance to police commissioners as the first half of the nineteenth century progressed. Although no one incident underlay this reorientation, the traumatic events of the post-Napoleonic period proved particularly significant, as the propertied classes sought a more effective form of law enforcement to protect them from political insurrection, industrial unrest and the expanding urban masses. The study will show that police affairs were embroiled in an ongoing struggle between different social and economic groups for control of local affairs. Throughout the period in question, issues of class, status and power were at the forefront of police management, as the local ruling elite sought to withstand the challenge to their political hegemony from, initially, the upper middle class and, latterly, the lower middle/self-employed working class.

This thesis argues that civilian law enforcement is more effective than military law enforcement against domestic terrorism. It uses a case study approach to analyze government reactions to terrorism in Canada against the FLQ, and in Northern Ireland against the IRA. It concludes that the best approach to domestic terrorism is a combination of civilian and military security forces working together. Within this framework, the military should maintain a support role to the civilian police. As a result, amendment or repeal of the Posse Comitatus Act is unnecessary. As written, the law provides adequate flexibility for government leaders to deploy military troops as the need arises. Furthermore, this thesis provides lessons learned for policymakers considering the deployment of military to combat domestic terrorism. / US Air Force (USAF) author.

U.S. Counter IED (C-IED) efforts continue to be directed at combating IEDs in Iraq and Afghanistan, however, as terrorists broaden their target selection standards, so too should the U.S. broaden its C-IED efforts. IED attacks and IED terror campaigns are currently occurring all over the world, yet America is unprepared to prevent an IED terror campaign in the homeland. This thesis will propose how to prevent a domestic IED terror campaign by utilizing the intelligence triggers indications and warnings, and open source intelligence as well as placing increased emphasis on the importance of international and interagency cooperation. The benefits of this thesis could be the development of a methodology for intelligence sharing between federal agencies, state authorities, and local U.S. law enforcement personnel against an aspect of terrorism that has not yet affected America. / US Army (USA) author.

M.A. (Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences. / Department of Sociology

Wong Tze Kit Chris. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 1997-98, design report." / Includes bibliographical references (leave 34). / Appendix in English and Chinese. / SYNOPSIS / EXISTING STATE / History of the Hong Kong Marine Police --- p.p.1 / Introduction of the Hong Kong Marine Police / Major Tasks of Hong Kong Marine Police / Organization Structure of Marine Police / The First Relocation of Marine Police Headquarters / Marine Police Training School / Background Information of The Previous Headquarters --- p.p.4 / General Information / "The ""Round-House""" / The Gun / Typology of Police Station in Hong Kong. / Colonial Style / Modern Style / High-Rise / Background Information of The Existing Headquarters --- p.p.5 / Background / Planning and Design / Comment / Background Information of The Government Fleet --- p.p.9 / Design and Procurement of New Vessels / Maintenence of the Government Fleet / Development of the Dockyard / Government's Proposal --- p.p.10 / Major Deficiencies / Response to the Government Proposal --- p.p.11 / SITE AND CONTEXT / Criteria for Site Selection --- p.p.12 / Chapter OPTION 1 --- Southern Tsing Yi Island / Chapter OPTION 2 --- Northern Ma Wan Island 5 / Choice For The Site --- p.p.15 / Justification of chosen site / Context / Problem & Opportunities --- p.p.16 / Design Objectives / FUTURE STATE / MISSION --- p.p.17 / ISSUE / DESIGN PROGRAMME --- p.p.22 / Functional Requirements / Schedule of Accommodation / Chapter APPENDIX I --- Marine Police Fleet / Chapter APPENDIX II --- Brief Notes on Previous Marine Police Headquarters

This thesis describes how the police apologise, primarily through lexical and syntactic analysis of explicit apology language in letters written by the Scottish police. The unique contribution of this thesis is the identification of two distinct speech acts using apology language; one is an act of payment for an evidenced failing and another is an act of validation of another person’s perspective. This thesis suggests that these two acts may have developed in police use of apology language to manage conflicting pressures on the police, such as to be polite to the multiple audiences for their apologies. Discursive approaches to politeness research often focus on immediate recipient responses as evidence that language is evaluated as (im)polite. This approach is not well suited to written language, where the recipient(s) may be at a distance in both time and space. I amend Terkourafi’s (2005) frame-based analysis, taking insights from scholarship on writing, to develop the application of politeness research to written language. I collected letters written by the Scottish police containing their final decision on complaints made about the police by members of the public. The first stage of my analysis, to detail the production of these letters, establishes that evaluation and opportunities for editing take place among the many writers involved in producing the letters; repetition of particular linguistic forms in particular contexts may be taken therefore as a police institutional understanding that such forms are a polite use of language in particular situations. My analysis of the letters identifies first that the police use apology language where they have been acquitted of wrongdoing, in contrast to public perceptions that the police do not apologise. They distinguish in linguistic form between such situations and where there is evidence of failings, leading me to delineate one act of validation of an addressee’s claim to respect and another in ritual payment for an evidenced failing. The form and function distinctions of these acts lead me to suggest that ‘apology’ needs to be reconsidered as a concept, not a single speech act but a cluster of related acts.

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