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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Trauma pélvico em cães: tratamento clínico e cirúrgico / Pelvic trauma in dogs: clinical and surgical treatment

KEMPER, Bernardo 22 July 2008 (has links)
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-11T14:12:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bernardo Kemper.pdf: 1187822 bytes, checksum: eeb6ceddcced6f684718bb9b85545454 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-11T14:12:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bernardo Kemper.pdf: 1187822 bytes, checksum: eeb6ceddcced6f684718bb9b85545454 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-22 / Fractures of the pelvis, relatively common in dogs, have recommendation of conservative treatment or surgery and may be accompanied by injuries to vital structures and permanent functional disorders. We aim to evaluate the consequences of pelvic trauma in dogs and the results of treatment (clinical and surgical) through orthopedic, functional and radiographic examinations, (up to 90 days after surgery). We used 20 animals with fracture of the pelvis, where the implementation of a treatment plan, surgical or conservative, was based primarily on the type of fracture, extent of injuries and availability of resources. In 80% of the cases (16 animals) was bilateral pelvic fracture; 85% of the animals showed iliac fracture; 40% there was ischiatic fracture and 35% showed fracture of the pubis, and observed several concurrent disorders such as skin lesions (50%); dyschesia (33%), death (25%); limb fracture (16%); perforation of the colon, rupture of the urinary tract or fracture of column (10%); diaphragmatic hernia head trauma (5 %). In patients who underwent surgery there was recovery of ambulation, previously showing full recovery of orthopedic function after 90 days in all of them. This result was not repeated in patients with conservative treatment, being observed persistent limping after 90 days. The surgical stabilization of bone segments provided clear reduction of pain after seven days, raising the quality of life and reducing the need for nursing, while 5/9 (55%) of the animals that were not operated on died, two showed persistent limping until ninety days of initial care and the other two had to be operated to correct complications (constipation and neuropraxia) as a result of the lack of previous surgical correction. The results indicate that in dogs with pelvic trauma surgical resolution should be sought primarily and the presence of other concomitant organic disabling injuries or with the potential to lead to death should be verified. / As fraturas da pelve são relativamente comuns em cães, e têm recomendação de tratamento conservador ou cirúrgico. Elas podem estar acompanhadas de lesões em estruturas vitais e transtornos funcionais permanentes. Objetivou-se avaliar por meio de exames ortopédicos, funcionais e radiográficos (até 90 dias após a cirurgia) as conseqüências do trauma pélvico em cães e os resultados do tratamento clínico e cirúrgico. Foram utilizados 20 animais com fratura na pelve, nos quais a implantação do plano de tratamento, cirúrgico ou conservador, se baseou primariamente no tipo de fratura, extensão das lesões e disponibilidade de recursos. Em 80% dos casos (16 animais) houve fratura pélvica bilateral; 85% dos animais apresentaram fratura ilíaca; 40% tiveram fratura isquiática e 35% apresentaram fratura púbica, sendo observados vários transtornos concomitantes, tais como, lesões cutâneas (50%); disquesia (33%); óbito (25%); fratura em membros (16%); perfuração de cólon, ruptura de vias urinárias ou fratura de coluna (10%); hérnia diafragmática ou trauma crânio encefálico (5%). Nos pacientes operados houve um retorno a deambulação mais precocemente sendo verificada recuperação total da função ortopédica após noventa dias em todos eles. Resultado que não se repetiu nos pacientes tratados conservativamente, sendo observada claudicação persistente, após 90 dias. A estabilização cirúrgica dos segmentos ósseos proporcionou redução evidente da dor após sete dias, elevando a qualidade de vida e reduzindo as necessidades de enfermagem, enquanto que 5/9 (55%) dos não operados vieram a óbito, dois apresentaram claudicação persistente até noventa dias do atendimento inicial e os dois restantes tiveram que ser operados para corrigir complicações (obstipação e neuropraxia) em conseqüência da falta de correção cirúrgica prévia. Os resultados observados assinalam que em cães com trauma pélvico deve-se procurar primariamente a resolução cirúrgica e a presença de outras lesões orgânicas concomitantes incapacitantes ou com potencial de induzir ao óbito.
2

Fraturas e luxações vertebrais toracolombares em cães: observações clínico-cirúrgicas / Thoracolumbar vertebrae fractures and luxations in dogs: clinical and surgical observations

ARAÚJO, Bruno Martins 02 February 2013 (has links)
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-11T16:21:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Martins Araujo.pdf: 2084941 bytes, checksum: 63b9d4471e02acbbd35a879b95c57ae3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-11T16:21:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Martins Araujo.pdf: 2084941 bytes, checksum: 63b9d4471e02acbbd35a879b95c57ae3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-02 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Vertebral fractures and luxations (VFL) are one of the most common and severe neurological issues found in clinical practice, with an elevated risk of permanent damage to the spinal cord. Our objective was to study the characteristics and implications associated with thoracolumbar VFL in 37 dogs examined at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Each patient had detailed history obtained, followed by clinical, neurologic and radiographic exams. The dogs were submitted to conservative or surgical treatment according to each case. The VFL were more common in intact males with access to the street. Regarding etiology, 32 dogs were involved in car accidents. Of the dogs included in this research, 14 had non-neurological issues in other systems. Radiographic exams were 100% effective in diagnosing VFL, but 42.8% of the dogs treated surgically had vertebral lesions that weren't detected radiographically. Mean time until initial neurologic exam was 35 days, and most dogs were reffered without external coaptation. There was a significant difference in recovery of the dogs when comparing a degree of dislocation of 0 – 25% and 76 – 100%. Presence of two or three severe neurological signs was associated with a poor prognosis, while lack or just one of these indicated a favorable prognosis. Deep pain perception (DPP) was present in 37.7% of the dogs. Twenty dogs received conservative treatment, 14 underwent surgery and three dogs died before treatment for the acute spinal trauma. Of the dogs with intact DPP, 100% recovered, while none of the dogs that lost DPP recovered voluntary motion (five developed spinal walk). Presence or absence of DPP is a reliable prognostic indicator. However, there was no significant difference in time for recovery of voluntary motion in dogs with intact DPP when comparing surgical versus conservative treatment. The percentage of euthanasia was less than in other reports, probably due to the greater awareness and protectiveness of owners nowadays. Of the dogs without DPP treated either surgically or conservatively, 31.25% recovered the ambulation without recovery of DPP. / Fraturas e luxações vertebrais (FLV) são uma das afecções neurológicas mais graves e comumente encontradas na prática clínica, com elevado risco de danos permanentes à medula espinal. Objetivou-se estudar as características e implicações associadas às FLV toracolombares em 37 cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Cada paciente passou por anamnese, seguida por exames clínicos, neurológico e radiográfico. Os cães foram submetidos ao tratamento conservativo ou cirúrgico de acordo com cada caso. As FLV foram mais comuns em machos não castrados com acesso a rua. Dentre a etiologia, 32 cães foram acometidos por acidente automobilístico. Dos animais da pesquisa, 14 apresentaram lesões não neurológicas em outros sistemas. Por meio do exame radiológico se diagnosticou FLV em 100% dos casos, mas nos cães submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico, observou-se uma grande quantidade destes apresentavam lesões vertebrais não detectadas nas radiografias convencionais (42,8%). O tempo médio ate o atendimento neurológico inicial foi de 35 dias, no qual a maioria foi encaminhada sem imobilização externa. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante ao se comparar os graus de deslocamento de 0 a 25% e de 76 a 100%. A presença de dois ou três sinais neurológicos graves esteve relacionada a prognóstico desfavorável, enquanto que a ausência ou presença de apenas um destes indicou um prognóstico favorável. A percepção de dor profunda (PDP) estava presente em 37,7% dos animais. Vinte animais foram submetidos ao tratamento conservativo, 14 ao tratamento cirúrgico e três animais faleceram antes de ser realizado o tratamento do traumatismo medular agudo propriamente dito. Dos animais que mantiveram a PDP intacta, a taxa de recuperação foi de 100%, enquanto que dos animais que perderam a PDP nenhum recuperou a deambulação voluntária (cinco adquiriram caminhar espinal). O parâmetro de ausência ou presença de PDP é um confiante indicativo do prognóstico desta afecção. Apesar de que nos animais que mantiverem a PDP intacta, independente do tratamento instituído e do grau de comprometimento neurológico, não houve diferença significante nas taxas nem no tempo de recuperação da deambulação voluntária. A taxa de eutanásia foi menor que em outros trabalhos descritos na literatura, provavelmente devido a conscientização e protecionismo dos tutores nos dias atuais. Dos animais sem PDP submetidos ao tratamento conservativo ou cirúrgico, 31,25% readquiriram a capacidade de caminhar sem recuperar a PDP.
3

Revisión crítica: criterios de enfermería a considerar para la atención inicial de pacientes politraumatizados en un servicio de emergencia

Chavez Libia, Herinzon Jesus January 2024 (has links)
La atención inicial de pacientes politraumatizados en los servicios de emergencia representan un notable problema de salud por su alto índice de mortalidad y secuelas asociadas al inadecuado manejo inicial debido al limitado conocimiento del personal de salud; por ello que se realizó el trabajo titulado: Criterios de enfermería a considerar para la atención inicial de pacientes politraumatizados en un servicio de emergencia, con el objetivo de identificar los criterios que los enfermeros deben poseer durante la atención inicial a pacientes politraumatizados en los servicios de emergencia. La Enfermería Basada en Evidencia (EBE) fue la metodología empleada en este estudio secundario, optando por 08 investigaciones científicas relacionadas al tema, utilizado bases de datos como Scielo, Cochrane, PubMed, Google Académico, aplicándoles minuciosamente la guía de utilidad y validez aparente de Gálvez Toro; seleccionando para el comentario crítico un estudio titulado “Guía de práctica clínica: Atención en emergencia del paciente politraumatizado”, determinándose un nivel de evidencia 3 y un grado de recomendación A según GRADE; calificando así su beneficio en toma de decisiones. La revisión da respuesta finalmente al planteamiento de la pregunta clínica ¿Cuáles son los criterios de enfermería a considerar para la atención inicial de pacientes poli traumatizados en un servicio de emergencia? Refiriendo que la atención inicial protocolizada de forma secuencial desde el reconocimiento oportuno de signos y síntomas dentro del examen físico exhaustivo utilizando ABCDE ayudaría a minimizar las complicaciones y sus secuelas, mejorando enormemente la evolución clínica y acortando la estancia hospitalaria. / The initial care provided to polytrauma patients in emergency services poses a significant health issue due to the high mortality rate and adverse effects resulting from inadequate initial management caused by the limited knowledge of healthcare staff. Consequently, a study titled "Nursing Criteria to Consider for Initial Care of Polytrauma Patients in an Emergency Service" was undertaken to pinpoint the essential criteria that nurses should possess while attending to polytrauma patients in emergency services. Evidence-Based Nursing (EBN) was the methodology employed in this secondary study, involving the selection of 8 scientific research studies related to the subject and using databases such as Scielo, Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar, with rigorous application of the utility and apparent validity guide by Gálvez Toro. A study called "Clinical Practice Guidelines: Emergency Care for Polytrauma Patients" was chosen for critical evaluation, indicating an evidence level of 3 and a recommendation grade A according to GRADE, thereby validating its utility in decision-making. The review ultimately addresses the clinical query: What nursing criteria should be taken into account for the initial care of polytrauma patients in an emergency service? It proposes that a standardized initial care process, commencing with prompt identification of signs and symptoms during a comprehensive physical examination utilizing the ABCDE approach, could reduce complications and their repercussions, notably enhancing clinical outcomes and shortening hospital stays.

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