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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Reakce HDPE v tavenině iniciované peroxidy / Reactions of HDPE in the melt initiated by peroxides

Hampapa, Břetislav January 2011 (has links)
The thesis deals with HDPE modification by crosslinking. In the theoretical part, data available in the literature were reviewed. Modifications of the selected HDPE copolymer grade were carried out in a kneading device Brabender using 25 ml chamber size. After having optimized process conditions, there were performed a series of experiments in dependence on concentration of the initiator. Reological properties of polymer samples were investigated by melt flow indexes measured under different conditions. Changes in crystallinity and melting temperatures were evaluated from DSC heat flow measurements. The samples meeting characteristics supposed were selected for measuring complex viscosity on the Rheometer AR-G2 TA and for testing some mechanical properties on the device Zwick.
2

Utilização de resíduos de poliuretano expandido na moldagem por injeção de compósito de matriz de polietileno de alta densidade / Use of expanded polyurethane scrap to injection mold a composite into a high-density polyethylene matrix

Teixeira, André Luiz 03 April 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-16T14:17:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-16T14:17:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-16T14:17:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-16T14:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TEIXEIRA_Andre_2017.pdf: 23449389 bytes, checksum: c2eafb920ec024ab4ae56b9b0007cff3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-03 / Não recebi financiamento / For a few years now polymeric materials have been ever present around the whole globe. Polyurethane (PU) for example is the sixth most produced polymer globally, generating with that a considerable amount of scrap due to industrialization processes, usage or end of its life cycle. About this, the present dissertation proposes to reprocess industrially discarded PU through mechanical recycling and injection molding to validate reusing this waste, reducing the amount sent to landfill. In order to do that PU scrap was physically mixed with high density polyethylene (HDPE), a commodity polymer, in pellets. PU was obtained from industrial waste of an earplug production process and HPE was bought in local market. PU scrap was obtained as a polymeric blanket that was later milled and micronized. Three different mixtures were manually prepared and placed into an industrial scale injection molding machine which resulted in the production of test specimens of 2%, 5% and 7% in mass of micronized PU into a HDPE matrix. Test specimens were submitted to flexural, tension and impact testing and the results were compared to the properties of 100% virgin specimens and with literature data. The samples indicated that adding PU decreased impact resistance but kept the performance on flexural and tension strengths, even increasing maximum deformation. Regarding thermal properties, the studied material presented the same melt and crystallization temperatures results for Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) as well as loss and storage modulus for Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed a decreased to the mass loss peak temperature when PU percentage increased. Nonetheless, considering all mechanical and thermal properties analyzed, present study shows that reusing the PU scrap is a viable option, given the appropriate process conditions. / Há alguns anos, os materiais poliméricos estão cada vez mais presentes nas indústrias, comércios, residências, enfim, no cotidiano de países do mundo inteiro. O poliuretano (PU), por exemplo, é o sexto tipo mais comum de polímero sintetizado mundialmente, gerando também uma quantidade considerável de resíduo, após o processamento industrial, uso ou fim de vida útil. Neste contexto, este trabalho aborda o reprocessamento, através da reciclagem mecânica e injeção, de poliuretano (PU) descartado industrialmente com a intenção de validar o reaproveitamento desse resíduo, diminuindo seu envio para aterros. Para isto, foram realizadas misturas físicas de resíduos de PU com o polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD), um polímero commodity, em forma de grânulos (pellets). O PU foi obtido de descartes primários do processo de fabricação de protetores auditivos e o PEAD foi comprado regularmente no mercado nacional. O PU de descarte estava no formato de uma manta polimérica que foi submetida à moagem e micronização. Posteriormente, as misturas foram realizadas manualmente e colocadas em injetora de porte industrial, o que permitiu a obtenção de corpos de prova nas proporções de 2%, 5% e 7% em massa de PU moído em relação ao polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD). Os corpos de prova injetados foram, então, submetidos aos ensaios de flexão, de tração e de impacto. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados aos das propriedades de corpos de prova 100% virgem (sem presença do PU) e com a literatura. As amostras indicaram que a adição do PU ocasionou decréscimo na propriedade de resistência ao impacto, mas manteve as propriedades testadas em flexão e tração, apresentando inclusive aumento na deformação máxima quando o PU foi adicionado. Quanto às propriedades térmicas, os materiais obtidos mantiveram os valores das temperaturas de fusão e de cristalização analisadas por DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), bem como os valores de módulos de armazenamento e de perda analisados por DMTA (Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis). De acordo com as análises realizadas por Termogravimetria (TG), foi observado decréscimo da temperatura de pico de perda de massa, quanto maior a presença de poliuretano. No entanto, considerando todas as propriedades mecânicas e térmicas analisadas, o trabalho indicou que é viável, diante de certas condições de processo, o reaproveitamento desse tipo de resíduo de PU.

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