Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antes e Depois do Trauma.pdf: 525194 bytes, checksum: 2e6655e8a26c7524859107cb1b2f1fdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-06 / Stress is a natural adaptative attempt that mammals use to deal with threatening situations. This process causes series of physiological reactions that happen in cycles that begin and end. However, there are situations where this reaction processes have no end because of stressing agent intensity. It happens in traumatic events that request more time to cope with and adapt to that situation. Living a stressing trauma can cause the development of a Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), defined by certain symptoms that persist for more than a month. The PTSD gravity is related to a subjective situation evaluation, which is associated to the personal ability to deal with traumas. This ability is modeled by many factors, including the subjective vision of reality, related to others and to themselves, which is entitled, according to Parkes (1998), Assumptive Worldviews. This concept is based on the Intern Operative Model of Attachment Theory, from John Bowlby, which will be the theoretical base of our analysis. The goal of this work is to study the relation between the Assumptive Worldviews and the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in individuals submitted to situations defined by themselves as traumatic. The qualitative methodology has been used in order to describe in details and understand the phenomenon using data collected. As tools, two semi-driven interviews were used: one intended to identify how much the individual was affected by the trauma; and the other intended to broach questions related to aspects from Assumptive Worldviews. The traumatic situation chosen is a bus accident that happened in 2004 and the individuals were two women. One of them was present at the accident and the other one was mourning the loss of her father. The data collected were later discussed and analyzed according to Attachment Theory / O estresse é um esforço adaptativo natural dos mamíferos para enfrentar situações ameaçadoras. Seu processo desencadeia uma série de alterações fisiológicas, que tem um ciclo com começo, meio e fim. Entretanto, há situações em que este processo reacional não se finda, devido à intensidade do agente estressor. Isso acontece nos eventos traumáticos, que exigem um tempo maior para elaboração e adaptação a situação. A vivência de um estressor traumático pode levar ao desenvolvimento do Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT), definido por um quadro característico de sintomas que persiste por mais de um mês. A gravidade do TEPT está correlacionada à avaliação subjetiva da situação, vinculada à capacidade pessoal de lidar com traumas, a qual é modelada, entre outras coisas, pela visão subjetiva da realidade, dos outros e de si mesmo, o que é denominado, segundo Parkes (1998), de Mundo Presumido. Este conceito está baseado no Modelo Operativo Interno da Teoria do Apego de John Bowlby, a qual será a base teórica de nossa análise. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a relação entre Mundo Presumido e Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático, em indivíduos submetidos a uma situação por eles definida como traumática. O método utilizado foi o qualitativo, buscando descrever detalhadamente e compreender o fenômeno por meio dos dados coletados. Como instrumentos, usamos duas entrevistas semi-dirigidas: uma com o intuito de identificar o quanto o participante foi afetado pelo trauma e outra para abordar questões relativas a aspectos do Mundo Presumido. A situação traumática eleita foi um acidente de ônibus ocorrido em 2004 e os participantes foram duas mulheres, uma presente no acidente, e outra enlutada pela morte do pai. Os dados coletados foram posteriormente discutidos e analisados com base na Teoria do Apego

Contexte. La violence au travail (VAT) fait partie de la réalité de nombreux travailleurs en Protection de la Jeunesse (PJ) en raison de la clientèle desservie. L’exposition à la VAT est associée à plusieurs conséquences psychologiques, notamment le trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT), l’anxiété et la dépression. Parmi les facteurs pouvant influencer le développement des différents symptômes de santé mentale, le soutien social (SS) ressort comme l’un des plus forts prédicteurs du TSPT. Les études plus récentes indiquent qu’au-delà de la quantité de SS, la qualité perçue de celui-ci peut influencer lien entre VAT et conséquences psychologiques. Finalement, certaines études notent des variations entre ces associations en fonction du sexe des participants. Objectif. L’objectif principal est de suivre l’évolution des symptômes de TSPT, d’anxiété et de dépression selon la qualité du SS perçu. Un deuxième objectif consiste à vérifier si les effets du SS varient en fonction du sexe des participants. Méthode. Un échantillon de 150 travailleurs en PJ ont rempli une série de questionnaires à quatre temps de mesure suite à un évènement de VAT. Des modèles linéaires mixtes ont été utilisés afin de suivre l’évolution des différentes conséquences psychologiques en fonction de la qualité du SS et du sexe des participants. Résultats. D’abord, pour le SS positif, une association significative négative est ressortie uniquement avec la dépression. Le SS négatif est associé positivement avec les symptômes de TSPT, d’anxiété et de dépression. Finalement, des différences entre les hommes et les femmes n’ont été mesurées que pour le TSPT. Soit, les hommes présentent plus de symptômes que les femmes, mais ceux-ci bénéficient davantage du SS positif. Conclusion. La présente étude appuie l’importance de s’intéresser à la qualité du SS, car elle a une influence sur le développement et le maintien des conséquences psychologiques de la VAT. Aussi, le sexe semble également avoir un rôle modérateur de cette relation. / Background. Workplace violence is part of the people working for Youth Protection's daily lives due to the vulnerable population served. The exposure of workplace violence is linked to psychological consequences such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Among the factors that influence the development of the different mental health symptoms, social support is known to be one of the strongest predictors of PTSD. Most recent studies also reveal the importance of measuring social support's quality (positive or negative) to understand how it can impact workers. Finally, some studies also show that workplace violence reactions might vary depending on the victim's gender. Objectives. The main objective of that study is to measure if the quality of social support impacts the development and evolution of the symptoms of PTSD, anxiety and depression. The secondary objective is to explore if the sex of the participants can moderate the association between social support and the previously measured symptoms. Methods. A sample of 150 Youth Protection workers answered self-reported surveys that examine their evolution four times over 12 months. Mixed linear models have been used to analyze the development of PTSD, anxiety's and depression's symptoms according to the quality of social support and then the sex of the participants. Results. First, positive social support wasnegatively linked to depression's symptoms. Workers who perceived their social support being positive had fewer symptoms. For negative social support, it was linked to PTSD, anxiety and depression. Finally, the difference between men and women was only measured for PTSD. Men had more symptoms than women, although they benefit more from positive social support than women. Conclusion. This study confirms the importance of measuring the quality of social support on workplace violence victims to understand its impact on psychological consequences better. Also, the sex seems to be a moderator only for PTSD's association with workplace violence.