Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as características que o romance adquire em Portugal e em Angola ao assumir um discurso pós-colonial. Em virtude das diferentes posições ocupadas pelos dois países durante a colonização, as representações romanescas desse processo acabam sendo também distintas, enfatizando relações de identidade e de diferença no diálogo entre as obras. No método de análise abordado, unem-se então os pressupostos da teoria da literatura aos da análise cultural. Dessa forma, os textos literários são lidos a partir dos mecanismos estético-ideológicos que utilizam para construir as suas representações das relações coloniais. Para isso, os estudos de teóricos e críticos pós-coloniais como Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Ana Mafalda Leite, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro e Jane Tutikian, além das contribuições de Jacques Derrida acerca da filosofia da linguagem, são de fundamental importância. De uma maneira mais específica, os romances são analisados em pares (sempre um português e um angolano) que buscam representar três momentos distintos da história da colonização portuguesa em territórios africanos: o período colonial; o período das guerras de libertação, nas décadas de 1960 e início de 1970; e, por fim, o momento imediatamente posterior à independência, chamado de período de descolonização. Para o primeiro momento, o estudo é composto a partir das obras Partes de África, de Helder Macedo, e Nosso musseque, de Luandino Vieira. Para o segundo, A costa dos murmúrios, de Lídia Jorge, e Mayombe, de Pepetela. Por fim, para o terceiro momento, As naus, de Lobo Antunes, e Estação das chuvas, de José Eduardo Agualusa. Como resultado, o entrecruzamento de mecanismos estético-ideológicos semelhantes e diferentes nos romances analisados evidencia o fato de que esse gênero alimenta-se da alteridade para constituir um discurso pós-colonial. Assim, percebe-se a existência de um sistema pós-colonial em língua portuguesa que vai além do nacional. Essa rede de textos constitui uma narrativa polifônica da colonização, visto que preserva as devidas tensões não só na forma de representação romanesca, mas também nas variações do discurso assumido, inviabilizando tomar seu conjunto de maneira homogeneizante. / This work intends to investigate the characteristics the novel acquires in Portugal and in Angola by adopting a postcolonial discourse. In view of the different positions of both countries during colonization, novelistic representations of this process become eventually distinct, with emphasis on the relations of identity and difference in the dialogues among works. Literary theory’s presuppositions are then associated with cultural analysis’ postulations in the present methodological approach. Literary texts are thus and so read from the aesthetic and ideological mechanisms which they employ in order to construct their representations of colonial relations. In order to accomplish that, the studies of postcolonial theoreticians and critics such as Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Ana Mafalda Leite, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro and Jane Tutikian, as well as the contributions of Jacques Derrida on language philosophy, are of utmost importance. Specifically, novels will be analyzed in pairs (invariably a Portuguese work and an Angolan one) which pursue the representation of three different moments of the history of Portuguese colonization in African territories: the colonial period; the liberation wars period, set in the 1960’s and the beginning of the 1970’s; and, at last, the moment immediately after the independence, known as the decolonization period. Throughout the first moment, the study comprehends the works of Partes de África, by Helder Macedo, and Nosso musseque, by Luandino Vieira. During the second part, A costa dos murmúrios, by Lídia Jorge, and Mayombe, by Pepetela. Finally, in the third moment, As naus, by Lobo Antunes, and Estação das chuvas, by José Eduardo Agualusa. As a result, the intertwining of similar and different aesthetic and ideological mechanisms in these novels highlight the fact that this genre feeds on otherness to form a postcolonial discourse. Therefore, the existence of a postcolonial system in Portuguese language that goes beyond the national is perceivable. This web of texts constitutes a polyphonic narrative of colonization, seeing it preserves the due tensions not only in its novelistic representation, but also in the variations of the discourse at play, turning unviable to take its ensemble in a homogenizing way.

This thesis traces the development of Algerian sociologist Abdelmalek Sayad’s ideas pertaining to Algerian immigration in France in the postcolonial period. I show that Sayad must be understood as more than simply an accomplished scholar; he must also be seen as a scientific intellectual operating within a particular historical moment. Sayad’s writings on the migrant condition are, I argue, a sociological analysis of Algerian immigrants’ existential dilemma that is rooted in a loss of sense of belonging and a feeling of being oppressed by state power and dominant members of French society. In addition, Sayad’s radical critique of the nation-state operated both as an explanation of Algerians’ sense of liminality as well as his attempt to recast the narrative of Algerian immigration in France as a form of neocolonialism. Sayad’s sociological work was not purely academic; it was impassioned and, at times, imbued with the language of a moral voice.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as características que o romance adquire em Portugal e em Angola ao assumir um discurso pós-colonial. Em virtude das diferentes posições ocupadas pelos dois países durante a colonização, as representações romanescas desse processo acabam sendo também distintas, enfatizando relações de identidade e de diferença no diálogo entre as obras. No método de análise abordado, unem-se então os pressupostos da teoria da literatura aos da análise cultural. Dessa forma, os textos literários são lidos a partir dos mecanismos estético-ideológicos que utilizam para construir as suas representações das relações coloniais. Para isso, os estudos de teóricos e críticos pós-coloniais como Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Ana Mafalda Leite, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro e Jane Tutikian, além das contribuições de Jacques Derrida acerca da filosofia da linguagem, são de fundamental importância. De uma maneira mais específica, os romances são analisados em pares (sempre um português e um angolano) que buscam representar três momentos distintos da história da colonização portuguesa em territórios africanos: o período colonial; o período das guerras de libertação, nas décadas de 1960 e início de 1970; e, por fim, o momento imediatamente posterior à independência, chamado de período de descolonização. Para o primeiro momento, o estudo é composto a partir das obras Partes de África, de Helder Macedo, e Nosso musseque, de Luandino Vieira. Para o segundo, A costa dos murmúrios, de Lídia Jorge, e Mayombe, de Pepetela. Por fim, para o terceiro momento, As naus, de Lobo Antunes, e Estação das chuvas, de José Eduardo Agualusa. Como resultado, o entrecruzamento de mecanismos estético-ideológicos semelhantes e diferentes nos romances analisados evidencia o fato de que esse gênero alimenta-se da alteridade para constituir um discurso pós-colonial. Assim, percebe-se a existência de um sistema pós-colonial em língua portuguesa que vai além do nacional. Essa rede de textos constitui uma narrativa polifônica da colonização, visto que preserva as devidas tensões não só na forma de representação romanesca, mas também nas variações do discurso assumido, inviabilizando tomar seu conjunto de maneira homogeneizante. / This work intends to investigate the characteristics the novel acquires in Portugal and in Angola by adopting a postcolonial discourse. In view of the different positions of both countries during colonization, novelistic representations of this process become eventually distinct, with emphasis on the relations of identity and difference in the dialogues among works. Literary theory’s presuppositions are then associated with cultural analysis’ postulations in the present methodological approach. Literary texts are thus and so read from the aesthetic and ideological mechanisms which they employ in order to construct their representations of colonial relations. In order to accomplish that, the studies of postcolonial theoreticians and critics such as Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Ana Mafalda Leite, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro and Jane Tutikian, as well as the contributions of Jacques Derrida on language philosophy, are of utmost importance. Specifically, novels will be analyzed in pairs (invariably a Portuguese work and an Angolan one) which pursue the representation of three different moments of the history of Portuguese colonization in African territories: the colonial period; the liberation wars period, set in the 1960’s and the beginning of the 1970’s; and, at last, the moment immediately after the independence, known as the decolonization period. Throughout the first moment, the study comprehends the works of Partes de África, by Helder Macedo, and Nosso musseque, by Luandino Vieira. During the second part, A costa dos murmúrios, by Lídia Jorge, and Mayombe, by Pepetela. Finally, in the third moment, As naus, by Lobo Antunes, and Estação das chuvas, by José Eduardo Agualusa. As a result, the intertwining of similar and different aesthetic and ideological mechanisms in these novels highlight the fact that this genre feeds on otherness to form a postcolonial discourse. Therefore, the existence of a postcolonial system in Portuguese language that goes beyond the national is perceivable. This web of texts constitutes a polyphonic narrative of colonization, seeing it preserves the due tensions not only in its novelistic representation, but also in the variations of the discourse at play, turning unviable to take its ensemble in a homogenizing way.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as características que o romance adquire em Portugal e em Angola ao assumir um discurso pós-colonial. Em virtude das diferentes posições ocupadas pelos dois países durante a colonização, as representações romanescas desse processo acabam sendo também distintas, enfatizando relações de identidade e de diferença no diálogo entre as obras. No método de análise abordado, unem-se então os pressupostos da teoria da literatura aos da análise cultural. Dessa forma, os textos literários são lidos a partir dos mecanismos estético-ideológicos que utilizam para construir as suas representações das relações coloniais. Para isso, os estudos de teóricos e críticos pós-coloniais como Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Ana Mafalda Leite, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro e Jane Tutikian, além das contribuições de Jacques Derrida acerca da filosofia da linguagem, são de fundamental importância. De uma maneira mais específica, os romances são analisados em pares (sempre um português e um angolano) que buscam representar três momentos distintos da história da colonização portuguesa em territórios africanos: o período colonial; o período das guerras de libertação, nas décadas de 1960 e início de 1970; e, por fim, o momento imediatamente posterior à independência, chamado de período de descolonização. Para o primeiro momento, o estudo é composto a partir das obras Partes de África, de Helder Macedo, e Nosso musseque, de Luandino Vieira. Para o segundo, A costa dos murmúrios, de Lídia Jorge, e Mayombe, de Pepetela. Por fim, para o terceiro momento, As naus, de Lobo Antunes, e Estação das chuvas, de José Eduardo Agualusa. Como resultado, o entrecruzamento de mecanismos estético-ideológicos semelhantes e diferentes nos romances analisados evidencia o fato de que esse gênero alimenta-se da alteridade para constituir um discurso pós-colonial. Assim, percebe-se a existência de um sistema pós-colonial em língua portuguesa que vai além do nacional. Essa rede de textos constitui uma narrativa polifônica da colonização, visto que preserva as devidas tensões não só na forma de representação romanesca, mas também nas variações do discurso assumido, inviabilizando tomar seu conjunto de maneira homogeneizante. / This work intends to investigate the characteristics the novel acquires in Portugal and in Angola by adopting a postcolonial discourse. In view of the different positions of both countries during colonization, novelistic representations of this process become eventually distinct, with emphasis on the relations of identity and difference in the dialogues among works. Literary theory’s presuppositions are then associated with cultural analysis’ postulations in the present methodological approach. Literary texts are thus and so read from the aesthetic and ideological mechanisms which they employ in order to construct their representations of colonial relations. In order to accomplish that, the studies of postcolonial theoreticians and critics such as Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Ana Mafalda Leite, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro and Jane Tutikian, as well as the contributions of Jacques Derrida on language philosophy, are of utmost importance. Specifically, novels will be analyzed in pairs (invariably a Portuguese work and an Angolan one) which pursue the representation of three different moments of the history of Portuguese colonization in African territories: the colonial period; the liberation wars period, set in the 1960’s and the beginning of the 1970’s; and, at last, the moment immediately after the independence, known as the decolonization period. Throughout the first moment, the study comprehends the works of Partes de África, by Helder Macedo, and Nosso musseque, by Luandino Vieira. During the second part, A costa dos murmúrios, by Lídia Jorge, and Mayombe, by Pepetela. Finally, in the third moment, As naus, by Lobo Antunes, and Estação das chuvas, by José Eduardo Agualusa. As a result, the intertwining of similar and different aesthetic and ideological mechanisms in these novels highlight the fact that this genre feeds on otherness to form a postcolonial discourse. Therefore, the existence of a postcolonial system in Portuguese language that goes beyond the national is perceivable. This web of texts constitutes a polyphonic narrative of colonization, seeing it preserves the due tensions not only in its novelistic representation, but also in the variations of the discourse at play, turning unviable to take its ensemble in a homogenizing way.

This essay will investigate the role of electricity in Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man, in connection to the concept of Otherness, as a result of race differences. It will argue that electricity in the novel is used as a metaphor in discourses of power by the oppressive white society, as well as a means of resistance for the protagonist/narrator, who is socially invisible because of his race. This will be done by performing a close reading of the novel focusing on the way Ellison uses the metaphor of electricity to deconstruct the hierarchy between black and white on several levels. Three main episodes will be analysed, in order to prove these claims: the Battle Royal, the Liberty Paints Factory Hospital and the Brotherhood Speech. The essay will also draw a parallel between Invisible Man and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, in order to further clarify the issue of Otherness in connection to electricity, and the aesthetic value of electricity in literature.

Magister Artium - MA / The novel Philida by André P, Brink is classified in the genre of slave novel. The novel tells the story of a slave woman, Philida, who lodged a complaint with the Slave Protector because she and her children were about to be sold to a new master. In this study I will look at how the author, Brink, uses different narrative strategies to give an authentic voice to Philida. Amongst these strategies are the unique voice of the character Philida, multiple narrators, language use and the creative use of historical and archival sources. The study will focus on the characterization of Philida and the depiction of aspects of slavery. It will also explore the voices of other characters such as Frans Brink, Cornelis Brink and Ouma Nella. The theoretical basis of the study is informed by aspects of narratology, postcolonialism and feminism.

This thesis examines how the Sami people, as an indigenous people in Sweden, relate to the dichotomous concept of the global North and the global South. The study builds on the framework of postcolonial theory, its connection to development studies, and its critique of the concept of the global North and the global South. Another central part of the study is the concept of identity within postcolonial theory. By exploring material from the Swedish Sami parliament and the Sami info center, the research and analysis concluded that the Sami people relate to a dual identity of being both Sami and Swedish, meaning that they identify both to the global North as well as being an indigenous people. The Sami people do also associate themselves with other indigenous groups in the South, mostly in relation to colonialism and its consequences. Thereby the North-South divide is challenged.

Doctor of Philosophy / Curriculum and Instruction Programs / Kay Ann Taylor / It has been 50 years since the notion of the model minority was first used to describe Asian Americans in the United States (Petersen, 1966). In the past decade, there has been substantial scholarly growth in the model minority research, and researchers have identified racism hidden behind the notion. However, previous research has mainly addressed the model minority stereotype in the regional context with similar research topics that produce similar findings, which requires a new research paradigm to be established. To meet this theoretical and contextual need, this study locates the model minority discourse in postcolonialism, especially in the context of Empire as global sovereign power with no concrete form, viewing the model minority stereotype as Empire’s controlling strategy that ethnicizes all Asians on the globe into its “global capitalist hierarchy” (Hardt & Negri, 2000). Empirically, this study examines how the model minority stereotype is shaped, developed, and ingrained in the transnational experience of Asian international graduate students who pursue careers in the United States after their degree completion as a bridge to their future. Findings from participants’ narratives show that they became aware of their Asianness through their transnational experience and gradually embraced the hardworking image of Asians through repeated environmental and interactional input of the image. Participants also expected higher economic and social status in their home countries as a result of their degrees and work experience obtained in the United States, with Orientalist values people in their home countries attach to their U.S.-earned credentials. Asian intellectuals educated in the West, represented by the United States, serve Empire’s capitalist maintenance and expansion as a transnational workforce while seeking their self-interest and transnational competitiveness. This raises an interdisciplinary and intersectional need to empower higher education to be critically aware of the current context of Empire and globalization.

This thesis employs postcolonial theory, a case study methodology, semi-structured interviews, and archival research to understand Mi’kmaq and Maliseet peoples’ sporting experiences in the Maritimes region of Canada. Two publishable papers comprise this thesis. The first paper analyzes the obstacles the participants faced and the positive experiences they had in sport. The second paper examines the ways in which the concept of “difference” was reproduced and challenged through the participants’ involvement in mainstream and all-Native sporting environments. Together, these papers bring much needed scholarly attention to Mi’kmaq and Maliseet peoples’ involvement in sport in the Maritimes, while they also make a contribution to the existing body of literature concerning Aboriginal peoples’ sport participation in Canada.

Climate change is an issue that is increasingly being adopted into various NGO campaigns. Drawing on a theoretical framework that is grounded in post-colonialism and subaltern studies, this thesis investigates representations of agency in the climate change discourse of Oxfam International. The central research question guiding the study is: To what extent do developing world people and countries have agency in Oxfam International’s 2009 climate change campaign? The methodological approach used to address this question combines content analysis and critical discourse to analyze 105 documents published by Oxfam in the lead up to the 2009 U.N. Climate Change conference in Copenhagen, Denmark. The findings reveal that that developing world subjects tend to possess less speaking space and to be represented with less agency than their developed world counterparts.