This thesis develops an automatic lighting supervisory system (ALSS) which integrates the broadband power line communication (BPLC). The microprocessor, power line communication module and other hardware/firmware are applied in the ALSS to execute the optimal electric energy and lighting control to improve the energy usage efficiency. The ALSS consists of energy control module, BPLC module, and terminal control center. Energy control module provides the functions of electric power measurement, on/off control and lighting control. Furthermore, bidirectional communication between energy control unit and control center is possible via the usage of BPLC communication module. In this thesis, a terminal control center supports the functions of monitoring, recording and alarming. Also, it can allow users to adjust the setting values of the energy control module. Finally, the proposed ALSS is installed to a real lighting system to verify its effectiveness and value.

With the world suffering from energy crisis, Smart Grid is the expanding research topic that deals vigorously with the current problems. It promotes decentralized renewable energy generation system, participate many local energy producers to energy market, adds vehicle to grid (V2G), minimize the energy loss in the electrical system, and participate many active consumers to the real market. It is an emerging project that needs an expert from many fields, thus it opens door of opportunities for many people around the globe. The present thesis deals with the communication scenario in smart grid. Communication is the backbone of Smart Grid and the thesis tries to highlight the available communication technologies for smart grid application. The thesis discuss most profitable communication technologies used for this purpose which are power line communication and wireless communication, in which power line communication aspects and characteristics are covered more than wireless communication for its use are seen more in upcoming days. In all the thesis will outline the opportunities and challenges of power line communication and wireless communication for smart grid application.

In recent years, the development of power line communication and relational application is gradually attracted much attention. The use of power line system is able to achieve home network automation, automatic meter reading, and demand supply management, so it can be a great help for the current emphasis on energy conservation ideas. Therefore, many international organizations and national programs involve in researches. The signal is vulnerable to the environment causing data error in the power line transmission, so that we reduce the use of power line communication. For making great application of power line system, the main purpose of the thesis is to study that ensure the data accuracy, integrity and security through power line transmission. Therefore, we designed the digital chip for power line communication. We achieve the signal transmission with the half-duplex ability through power line by digital chip designing and solve error problems about transmitting data. By designing the modules of digital circuit, the chip can encrypt/decrypt data, correct error-bits of data, detect accuracy of data, process control signals, and modulate/demodulate signals. The purpose is for increasing data accuracy in PLC transmission. The chip design adopts TSMC 0.18£gm process as full digital circuits and applies to the energy meter management.

No description available.

Ces travaux portent sur la faisabilité de l'établissement d'un réseau Courant Porteur de Ligne (CPL) pour transmettre des données de maintenance prédictive dans le domaine aéronautique. Le CPL est identifié comme solution afin d'augmenter le nombre d'informations échangées sans modifications du câblage déjà présent dans l'avion. L'approche adoptée au cours de cette thèse porte sur l'adaptation des solutions CPL existantes sur le marché afin qu'elles puissent être déployées sur un réseau avionique classique. Ces modifications doivent respecter les normes aéronautiques qui intègrent notamment sur la protection foudre (DO-160) et les mécanismes de couplage pour assurer la liaison de communication sur les lignes de puissance. Des expérimentations ont été réalisées pour vérifier les performances que les solutions CPLs pourraient attendre en utilisant le ratio signal sur bruit (SNR) comme paramètre de comparaison.Un montage permettant de respecter à la fois la contrainte de protection à la foudre et le fonctionnement des transmissions CPM a été identifié et évalué par le biais de simulations et d’expérimentations en laboratoire. Ce montage nous a permis d'augmenter le SNR de la liaison CPL jusqu'à 40dB. Les circuits de couplage présents sur les modems CPL du commerce ont été optimisés afin de mieux s'adapter à l'environnement aéronautique. La conception de ces circuits sont complètement décrites, dont notamment la réalisation du transformateur HF permettant l'adaptation d'impédance. Une fois les modifications effectuées, nous avons réalisé une série de mesures d’émissions conduites générées les chipsets afin de vérifier leur conformité aux normes CEM DO-160. Les tests ont porté sur des modems classiques et des modems modifiés liés à un équipement classique avionique. Ces tests nous ont montré que, sans les modifications proposées au niveau du circuit de couplage, il est impossible de communiquer sur des lignes fortement bruitées. Dans le cas de bruits générés à la limite de la norme DO-160, notre modem modifié atteint un débit de 46 Mbps en émission et 36 Mbps en réception. Dans cette dernière manipulation, nous atteignons dans un pire cas de perturbations un débit supérieur à celui de notre cahier des charges. / This work focuses on the feasibility of a Power Line Communication (PLC) network for transmitting predictive maintenance data on avionics power lines. PLC is identified as a solution to increase the number of information exchanged without modification of the wiring already present in the aircraft. The approach taken in this thesis deals with the adaptation of existing PLC solutions on the market so that they can be deployed on a conventional avionics network. These modifications include lightning protection and coupling circuits to ensure the communication over the power network. Experiments were conducted to verify the performance that PLC solutions could expect by using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a comparison paramater.A circuit allowing to respect lightning protection constraints and that allow PLC transmissions has been identified and evaluated by means of simulations and laboratoy experiments. This modificatiosn allowed us to cincrease the SNR of the PLC link up to 40dB. Coulpling circuits on commercial CPL modems have been optimized to better adapt PLC signal to the avionic environment. The design of these circuits is completely described, including the realization of the HF transformer for impedance matching. Once the changes were made, we performed a series of conducted emissions measurements that generated the chipstets to verify their compliance with the CEM DO-160 standarts. The tests focused on conventional modems and modified modems related to conventional avionics equipment. These tests showed us that, without the proposed modifications at the level of the coupling circuit, it is impossible to communicate on very noisy lines. In the case of noise generated at the limit of the DO-160 standart, our modified modem achieves a data rates of 46 Mbps for transmission and 36 Mbps for reception. In this last manipulation, we reach in a worse case of disturbances a data rate higher than the specifications needed.

In this thesis, we studied the narrowband power line communication system. This system mainly utilizes the 60Hz power line as the medium to transmit network signals. In the beginning, we studied the power line channel characteristics and the coupling circuit structure, that was used to couple the signal to the power line. Impedance mismatch and signal attenuation may occur when the loading in the power line network changes. To this end we added a driver to the coupling circuit to reduce the output impedance, and hence enhance signal magnitude. In addition, we add the cross-phase coupling circuit with bandpass filter characteristics at the 220V socket. It was found that our cross-phase coupling circuit was able to improve the performance of the power line communication system when cross-phase transmission took place. Finally, we simulated the indoor power line network environment, measured several kinds of residential appliance noise and analyzed the influence on the power line communication system of the appliance noise.

No description available.

No description available.

M.Sc.Eng. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 2014.

Le réseau électrique s'utilise aujourd'hui comme support de transmission des signaux Ethernet. C’est le concept des courants porteurs en ligne. Cette technique de transmission permet d’obtenir des débits supérieurs au Wifi. Cependant, la complexité des réseaux électriques et l'environnement électromagnétique domestique peuvent dégrader les performances de cette technologie. L’environnement électrique de l'habitat avec ses appareils électroménagers divers en font un milieu difficilement maitrisable. L’objectif est d’appréhender et de modéliser cet environnement et le comportement des équipements qui y sont déployés. Pour cela, ce mémoire présente plusieurs méthodes pour modéliser les lignes électriques dans l'habitat. Les modélisations existantes sont difficilement généralisables à un réseau électrique quelconque. Nous proposons une modélisation de type circuit électrique.Son intérêt réside dans la simplicité de l'outil de simulation d'un réseau électrique, réalisé parla mise en cascade de plusieurs blocs intégrés à la librairie SPICE. Les blocs SPICE proposés prennent en compte la dépendance fréquentielle des paramètres des quadripôles. Une étape de caractérisation expérimentale est développée pour implémenter ces blocs. Un réseau expérimental de test, constitué de différentes technologies de câble, a été caractérisé en termes de bruit, d'impédance et de pertes d'insertion. Le rayonnement émis lors d'une transmission CPL a également été mesuré. / The power line grid is used for data transmission by means of the broad band powerline communication systems (BPLC) The main advantage of this technology consists in providing an existing infrastructure of wires and wall sockets that are easy to access throughout a building and offering physical data rates comparable with other existing communication technologies such as Wi-Fi. Nevertheless, the power line grid complexity, the various connected household appliances and the housing electromagnetic environment,impact the PLC transmission performances. As results the housing environment is not a controllable medium. The objective of the current thesis is to study the electromagnetic environment of the Indoor power line network, and to model the potential impacts of both the power line grid topology and the household devices on the PLC physical layer. The existing modeling approaches require a deduction of theirs parameters from the measurements and cannot be generally applied. We propose a new model based on circuitry approach. Its main interest consists in the simplicity of the simulation tool of power line grid which is based on series symmetric SPICE circuit integrated to SPICE library. To this aim, the characterization of the power cable, of the electrical accessories and household devices is necessary. The impedance of powered household devices is measured according to simple measurement protocol. The proposed model takes into account the variation of the whole primary parameters of the electrical cable as function of frequency. An experimental characterizationof the so called PLC READY test bench was carried out in terms of noise, impedance and insertion loss. The radiated electromagnetic field during a PLC communication is measured.