Matrimonial property agreements Abstract The diploma thesis deals with marital property regimes, which are regulated by the Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code. The thesis is focused on the three main areas of the problematics. The first area represents a legal regulation of the common property of the spouses, i.e. the statutory matrimonial property regime, the regime, by which marital property relations are regulated, unless a married couple, resp. spouses adjust these relations differently from the law. The second area of interest is a detailed analysis of a legal regulation of property relations of spouses on the basis of a contract, either before or during the marriage, i.e. the contractual regime. The third area examines the matrimonial property regime established by a court decision. The last part of the thesis is dedicated to the view of the Dutch matrimonial property law in comparison with the Czech legislation. With regard to the Czech property law of spouses the thesis may result in a de lege ferenda consideration Key words: matrimonial property law, matrimonial property regime, prenuptial agreement.

The aim of this thesis is the interpretation of current legislation of community property in the context of business activities of one or both spouses. After the review of current legislation, the theoretical part of this thesis focuses on the community property - its definition, creation, modification and termination. The theoretical part also focuses on the prenuptial agreement - its definition, requirements, conditions for entering into and its current popularity. The practical part of this thesis then introduces two real model situations illustrating issues concerning prenuptial agreements, where one or both newlyweds are entrepreneurs.

Nothing much has changed in the Law of Family in Peru. The main doctrine argues that it is not possible to make agreements between spouses on non-economic aspects of their relationships or their duties with their children, even when they could make decisionsin a more convenient way.In the article, the author argues that it is desirable to relax the rules on agreements between spouses or prospective spouses to regulate their rights during marriage or the benefits and obligations of each one in case they end their marriage. In that way, the author alludes to the figures of prenuptial and marital agreements present in American reality. / Poco ha cambiado en el Derecho de Familiaen el Perú. La doctrina mayoritaria sostiene que no es posible realizar acuerdos entre es-posos sobre aspectos no patrimoniales de susrelaciones o de sus deberes ante los hijos, auncuando se podrían adoptar decisiones de unaforma más conveniente.En el artículo, el autor sostiene que es conveniente flexibilizar las normas sobre los acuer- dos entre futuros cónyuges o esposos para regular sus derechos durante el matrimonio o los beneficios y obligaciones de cada uno de ellos en caso concluya la unión matrimonial por cualquier razón. Para ello, hace alusión a las figuras de los acuerdos premaritales y maritales presentes en la realidad estadounidense.

The topic of this Master thesis is Matrimonial property law, that is encoded within the Act no. 89/2012 Sb., Civil Code. The aim of this thesis is to analyze and describe current matrimonial property law regime, mainly the community property regime. The focus is on defining the legal framework of the community property regime and its modification options, such as community property contract or court decision. It also provides a look at the possibilities of protection and defense of the so called debt- free spouse. The text of the thesis is divided into seven chapters, introduction and conclusion. The first chapter provides a definition of some basic terms, such as the matrimonial property law and community property regime. The second chapter focuses on the legal provisions of the community property regime, meaning the general regime. It describes the scope of the community property regime, the assets and liabilities within and out of the scope of the community property. It also introduces the asset management within the community property legal framework. The aim of the third chapter is the contractual community property, as set out by the legal provisions. The law allows for three, alternatively four types of contractual regimes, such as separate property, regime that reserves the moment of...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:28:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiana Domingues Cardoso.pdf: 2058533 bytes, checksum: 13b2624e9c15233ae0f8c78f533caeb0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-20 / This study focuses the Pre Nuptial Agreement, analyzing the formalities required for its elaboration, as well as, the legal aspects and possibilities of its content, emphasizing the prevention against litigation that the institute can offer, which is currently not much explored in the national scenery. This work studies the legal business elaborated by the spouses before they get married institutes rules, mainly on the future family s patrimony. It regards and presents the legal nature of the pre nuptial agreement, and focuses the importance of such agreement as a tool to prevent disputes in the ambit of family law, presenting its legal and social usefulness. This study also debates forms for the optimization of the use of this tool. This study details the formal elements indispensable to any pre nuptial agreement, as well as the doctrinaire and jurisprudential views on the agreement content. This work also demonstrates a brief background of family and marriage in order to make the understanding of its main subject easier. It presents a number of types of property rulings, how they are dealt with in the Brazilian legal system and their correlation with the pre nuptial agreement. The study also explores examples of provisions that may be set forth in clauses of pre nuptial agreements, both in the patrimonial and extra-patrimonial ambits. It points out polemic matters related to the pre nuptial agreements, debating hypothesis of solution for each of them. Furthermore, it presents the effect of the pre nuptial agreement in private international law and the hypothesis of invalidity of pre nuptial conventions / O presente trabalho aborda o Pacto Antenupcial, analisando as formalidades exigidas para sua elaboração, bem como os aspectos e possibilidades jurídicas do seu conteúdo, enfatizando a função preventiva a litígios que o instituto pode oferecer, atualmente pouco explorado no cenário nacional. Explora o negócio jurídico elaborado pelos nubentes antes do casamento que institui regras especialmente sobre o patrimônio da futura família. Conceitua e apresenta a natureza jurídica do pacto antenupcial, e foca a importância do pacto como ferramenta de prevenção de conflitos no âmbito do direito de família, apresentando sua utilidade jurídica e social. Também debate formas para a otimização do uso dessa ferramenta. Detalha os elementos formais indispensáveis a qualquer pacto pré-nupcial, bem como apresenta exemplos e o enfoque doutrinário e jurisprudencial sobre o conteúdo dos pactos. Demonstra uma breve evolução histórica da família e do casamento visando auxiliar o entendimento do tema principal. Apresenta as diversas espécies de regimes de bens, seu tratamento no ordenamento jurídico nacional e a correlação com o pacto antenupcial. Explora exemplos de conteúdo clausulares que os pactos podem conter, tanto no âmbito patrimonial, quanto no extra-patrimonial. Aponta questões polêmicas relativas aos pactos, debatendo hipóteses de solução a cada uma delas. Ademais, apresenta a repercussão do pacto antenupcial no direito internacional privado e as hipóteses de invalidade das convenções pré-nupciais

Mr. Eduard Němeček, MD Divorce issue and its consequences Diploma Thesis 5. Summary: This work proposes a closer look at the divorce-related topics with consequential impacts both on financial situation of divorced spouses and destinies of minor children as resulting from divorced marriages in Czech Republic. Till date, this issue has been solved in different ways at both district and regional courts. In our republic, a more unifying element is represented by decisions of the Supreme and Constitutional Courts. This is a very serious social phenomenon which, according to statistics affects a large number of parents, children, but also childless partners. Yet from ancient times this phenomenon is known to be socially undesirable being almost entirely rejected by the Catholic Church in its canon law. The increase in divorces has resulted namely from the advancement procedure of society. It is a societal phenomenon known to occur irrelatively of the states and political systems, from the totalitarian regimes through those autocratic, up to highly democratic systems of developed countries worldwide. During the creation of this work, up to 40% of marriages have been critically monitored as expected to be ended in divorce. It's a long-term social phenomenon that surpassed all political systems from the...

Substantive gender equality has yet to be achieved in South Africa. As such, when a decision is made for one of the spouses to a civil marriage to stay at home and care for the children born of the marriage, or make career sacrifices to care for children, that spouse is usually the wife. As a result, while the husband continues to amass wealth and grow his earning potential, the wife is unable to do so. In circumstances where such spouses are married out of community of property or subject to the accrual system with onerous exclusion clauses in the antenuptial contract, the wife may be left with little more than a claim for rehabilitative maintenance in the event of a divorce. The courts only have the discretion to make an equitable distribution of marital property in civil marriages with complete separation of property concluded prior to 1 November 1984 (or 2 December 1988) and customary marriages. It is arguable that this limitation of the judicial discretion violates the equality clause contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. A broad judicial discretion to equitably redistribute the spouses’ assets upon divorce is therefore proposed in this dissertation. / Private Law / LL.M.

Substantive gender equality has yet to be achieved in South Africa. As such, when a decision is made for one of the spouses to a civil marriage to stay at home and care for the children born of the marriage, or make career sacrifices to care for children, that spouse is usually the wife. As a result, while the husband continues to amass wealth and grow his earning potential, the wife is unable to do so. In circumstances where such spouses are married out of community of property or subject to the accrual system with onerous exclusion clauses in the antenuptial contract, the wife may be left with little more than a claim for rehabilitative maintenance in the event of a divorce. The courts only have the discretion to make an equitable distribution of marital property in civil marriages with complete separation of property concluded prior to 1 November 1984 (or 2 December 1988) and customary marriages. It is arguable that this limitation of the judicial discretion violates the equality clause contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. A broad judicial discretion to equitably redistribute the spouses’ assets upon divorce is therefore proposed in this dissertation. / Private Law / LL. M.