This study was an investigation of mentor teachers who work in a Master of Education teacher preparation program. It examined mentors who work with teacher candidates to understand their conceptualization of their purpose in teacher education. The teacher preparation program that was the site of this study placed teacher candidates in the classroom for a year-long field experience aligned with the actual teaching calendar in schools and reflective of the clinical-based preparation called for by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE, 2010). Attention to teacher preparation program outcomes has increased significantly in the past few years (Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation, 2013; Council of Chief State School Officers, 2013; Greenburg, Pomerance, & Walsh, NCTQ, 2011; NCATE, 2010). Within this focused interest on program outcomes and on the impact well-prepared teachers make on school improvement, field placements are viewed as more essential in the preparation of teacher candidates (Bullough, Draper, Smith, & Birrell, 2004; Korthagen, 2004; Valencia, Martin, Place, & Grossman, 2009; Zeichner, 2010). Therefore, because mentor teachers affect teacher candidates in the field, it is crucial to understand how mentor teachers conceive their role and purpose within teacher preparation, and how they can be supported prior to assuming this responsibility and throughout the time they spend with the teacher candidates. The dissertation research was divided into two major phases: Phase One was a survey administered to all mentor teachers who work with the program (n=54) early in spring, 2014. The analysis of the survey provided the data necessary to use purposeful sampling to select mentors who reported a commitment to diverse mentoring practices. Data was collected on the interview sample (n=6) in Phase Two through interviews and observations to document and analyze how mentors enacted practices that may or may not be consistent with their perceived purpose and role or with the existing literature on mentoring teacher candidates. Considering the importance of this mentoring relationship on the teacher candidates' preparation outcomes, identification of the approaches to mentoring that can be strengthened by preparation are important in order to emphasized these points as part of the development of partnerships that will strengthen the mentoring system. This research offered insight for teacher preparation programs relating to how mentors internalize their role and areas for development that may align mentoring practices with the educative functions that develop responsive teachers. The findings of this study offered suggestions for preparation that target the mentors' professional growth through collaborative and ongoing instructional and personal support.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1964.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1953.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1964.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-09-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:42:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardi_dp_dr_arafo.pdf: 940436 bytes, checksum: 8202788469fea3c9b3976d6749113c75 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A evolução da endodontia ocorre continuamente de modo que sistemas, técnicas e instrumentos endodônticos têm sido criados e estudados por diversos autores por meio de diferentes métodos analisando seu desempenho. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar aspectos relacionados ao preparo do canal radicular assim como também analisar os métodos de estudo empregados para este fim. Foram empregadas 10 raízes mésio-vestibulares de molares superiores humanos extraídos, as quais foram incluídas em blocos de resina e seccionadas transversalmente nos terços médio e apical. Para a instrumentação foi empregado o sistema Race. A análise do preparo foi feita por meio da Plataforma Radiográfica, do Método de Bramante e do Método Histológico. Foi observado que, diante de uma padronização dos métodos de estudo empregados, é possível obter resultados coerentes entre cada um, mesmo quando se avalia aspectos diferentes do preparo do canal radicular. Pesquisas que avaliam o mesmo aspecto do preparo podem apresentar resultados diferentes e estas diferenças podem estar associadas a variáveis inerentes a cada sistema de avaliação empregado. Em relação ao método de estudo concluiu-se que todos forneceram informações importantes para a análise do preparo do canal radicular, no entanto, não devem ser considerados individualmente. De acordo com o aspecto avaliado, um método pode complementar o outro e, desta forma, atingir resultados fidedignos. Em relação aos aspectos do preparo concluiu-se que o sistema Race mostrou ausência de desvio apical, ação sobre todas as paredes dentinárias, deslocamento do preparo em direção às paredes externa da curvatura e vestibular do canal radicular, ampliação da área nos terços médio e apical, superfícies dentinárias regulares, formato irregular e pequena quantidade de resíduos na luz do canal radicular. / There is an usually endodontic evolution thus rotary systems and techniques has been created and evaluated by several authors by different methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate root canal aspects and the methods employed to evaluate the root canal preparation. Mesiobuccal canals of ten maxillary molars extracted human were included in blocks of resin and split across the middle and apical thirds. The root canals were prepared by RaCe rotary files. The prepare analysis was done through the Radiographic Platform, Bramante method and Histological method. It was observed that before the methods standardization it can get consistent results between each one even when assessing different aspects of the root canal preparation. It was concluded that studies that evaluate the same aspect of the preparation may show different results and these are associated with variables inherent in each methodology employee. All the methods supplies important information about root canal preparation. However, it is not should be separately considered. In accord to the evaluated aspect a method can supplies the other one and get reliable results. In relation to the aspects of the preparation it was concluded that the Race system showed apical deviation absence, action on all the walls, displacement to the external curvature walls and vestibular, magnifying of the area, regular surfaces, irregular format and small amount of residues inside the root canal.

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Orientador: Paulo Sérgio Cerri / Banca: Paulo Tanomaru filho / Banca: Idomeo Bonetti Filho / Banca: Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte / Banca: Celso Kenji Nishiyama / Resumo: A evolução da endodontia ocorre continuamente de modo que sistemas, técnicas e instrumentos endodônticos têm sido criados e estudados por diversos autores por meio de diferentes métodos analisando seu desempenho. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar aspectos relacionados ao preparo do canal radicular assim como também analisar os métodos de estudo empregados para este fim. Foram empregadas 10 raízes mésio-vestibulares de molares superiores humanos extraídos, as quais foram incluídas em blocos de resina e seccionadas transversalmente nos terços médio e apical. Para a instrumentação foi empregado o sistema Race. A análise do preparo foi feita por meio da Plataforma Radiográfica, do Método de Bramante e do Método Histológico. Foi observado que, diante de uma padronização dos métodos de estudo empregados, é possível obter resultados coerentes entre cada um, mesmo quando se avalia aspectos diferentes do preparo do canal radicular. Pesquisas que avaliam o mesmo aspecto do preparo podem apresentar resultados diferentes e estas diferenças podem estar associadas a variáveis inerentes a cada sistema de avaliação empregado. Em relação ao método de estudo concluiu-se que todos forneceram informações importantes para a análise do preparo do canal radicular, no entanto, não devem ser considerados individualmente. De acordo com o aspecto avaliado, um método pode complementar o outro e, desta forma, atingir resultados fidedignos. Em relação aos aspectos do preparo concluiu-se que o sistema Race mostrou ausência de desvio apical, ação sobre todas as paredes dentinárias, deslocamento do preparo em direção às paredes externa da curvatura e vestibular do canal radicular, ampliação da área nos terços médio e apical, superfícies dentinárias regulares, formato irregular e pequena quantidade de resíduos na luz do canal radicular. / Abstract: There is an usually endodontic evolution thus rotary systems and techniques has been created and evaluated by several authors by different methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate root canal aspects and the methods employed to evaluate the root canal preparation. Mesiobuccal canals of ten maxillary molars extracted human were included in blocks of resin and split across the middle and apical thirds. The root canals were prepared by RaCe rotary files. The prepare analysis was done through the Radiographic Platform, Bramante method and Histological method. It was observed that before the methods standardization it can get consistent results between each one even when assessing different aspects of the root canal preparation. It was concluded that studies that evaluate the same aspect of the preparation may show different results and these are associated with variables inherent in each methodology employee. All the methods supplies important information about root canal preparation. However, it is not should be separately considered. In accord to the evaluated aspect a method can supplies the other one and get reliable results. In relation to the aspects of the preparation it was concluded that the Race system showed apical deviation absence, action on all the walls, displacement to the external curvature walls and vestibular, magnifying of the area, regular surfaces, irregular format and small amount of residues inside the root canal. / Doutor

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The thesis briefly describes some techniques of preparation which should lead to creating ornithological dermoplastic preparations and their use in education and biology. These techniques are shown on several bird species. The thesis can be also used as a instruction for creating ornithological dermoplastic bird preparations. It shows some problems of preparation technice. The main goal of the thesis is creating a real ornithological preparations which are, used for education on Pedagogical Faculty of Charles University in Prague. Key words: teaching practices, preparation, taxidermy, birds, ornithological preparation

Thesis advisor: Patrick Proctor / This study aimed to explore middle leadership from a single K-12 district. To accomplish this, an exploratory, embedded single case study (Yin, 2018) was utilized. The district was the case while one elementary, middle, and high school were embedded “sub-units” in the case. A principal, middle leader, and 2 middle leader colleagues further represented each school. This method was employed in order to illuminate how middle leadership was experienced through multiple perspectives and contexts but within the same district. This dissertation also took a narrative approach, beginning in understanding the conditions that led to the creation of middle leadership roles, to the selection, conceptualization, and evaluations of middle leaders. Then, middle leaders were asked about how the district can further support their roles. Results indicated that external (standardized tests, changes in standards or curriculum) and internal (desire for district consistency and cohesion) and factors influenced the creation of middle leadership positions. Middle leaders were selected based on their teaching and leadership experiences. However, conceptualization of middle leaders in the district extended beyond teaching. In addition to teaching, middle leaders were also conceptualized as strategic planners, people with good interpersonal and communication skills, managers, coaches, and evaluators. Evaluation of middle leaders were based on state-based evaluation frameworks for teachers or administrators that showcased a misalignment of responsibility and evaluation processes. To support their roles in the district, middle leaders suggested a combination of internal and external support. Internally, they suggested the creation of a within-district, middle leader-specific professional learning community in order to have opportunities to share best practices and collectively think about problems and solutions. Externally, they would also appreciate the district’s support in attending formal professional development such as courses or certification programs. These results indicate that there is a need for middle leadership-specific classes, programs, and evaluation frameworks and that middle leaders would also benefit greatly in the creation of mentorship programs or professional learning communities. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Teacher Education, Special Education, Curriculum and Instruction.