Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in the United States and is one of the leading causes of cancer death among men of all races. However, African-American men are at particularly high risk. These men are diagnosed more often with prostate cancer, are diagnosed later, and are more than twice as likely to die from prostate cancer than are Caucasian men. A strategy to address this inequity was to develop a community based program that would reach this at risk population. The goal of the project was to develop an evidence-based, theory-supported education and referral program to promote prostate cancer prevention screening among African-American men utilizing New York community church settings. The resultant scholarly project aims to motivate the target population towards prostate cancer prevention screening as appropriate through the development of an evidence-based, theory-supported, community-focused education and referral program using self-efficacy theory. This project provides a program, grounded in self-efficacy, that will educate African-American men about prostate cancer, empower them with knowledge regarding risk, motivate them to seek preventative screenings, and obtain care if needed. An evaluation strategy was developed incorporating a post-test questionnaire to measure participant knowledge and self-efficacy along with a process for measuring referrals to local screening and treatment programs. The program will bring about positive social change through empowerment of a population of men suffering from disparate access to care resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Dissemination of the project will include presentations to the community church leaders and Caribbean healthcare professionals, as well as publication in Parish nursing journals.

The diploma work concerns the actual problem of papilomavirus infection and the vaccination against its originators. The gravity lies in the human-organism attack and the further proceeding changes in the human cells and mucous membranes. In many cases this leads to the pre-cancer states or even worse, to the cervix carcinoma. The work is divided into two parts, first theory, and second practice. The aim was to evaluate the vaccination against papilomviruses at the female-students of the University firstly, secondly to map the topic knowledge, and thirdly to monitor if the female-students visit their gynaecologist on regular basis. The theory concerns all the epidemiology, virology, clinical and diagnosis aspects of the papilomavirus infections, including the vaccination as a prevention possibility. In practice, there were run two anonymous questionnaire searches, first aimed on the female-students, second on the male-students only. The questions were focused on the level of the topic knowledge and the level of the both sex students vaccination, including the reasons of their non-interest in the possible vaccination, next the frequency of the girls? screenings in the gynaecologist practices. The research proved certain level of the respondents? topic knowledge and compared the existing differences among faculties. Another research conclusion is that the vaccination of the female-respondents is not very high, only 23,75% has already been vaccinated against the virus. Many young ladies underestimate the vaccination, and have more or less serious reasons why not to have them vaccinated. More than half of the respondents don?t do so because of the vaccine high price. This work should serve the women and young ladies, but also the young men as a source of the needed information. This means to improve the virus knowledge itself, its means of transmission, the diagnosis process or the treatment possibilities; overall the ways of primary prevention, with the ways of infection expanding prevention.

Due to the constantly increasing epidemiological burden of our population on oncological diseases, nationwide preventive programs for selected types of malignant tumors have been introduced within the Czech health system. The aim of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate these screenings, such as mammographic screening, cervical screening and screening of the colon and rectum. The subject of the analysis is the mortality rates for breast cancer (C50), cervix (C53) and colon and rectum cancer (C18-21) between 1994 and 2015. The main focus is on question of whether the development of the mortality rate for selected neoplasms depends on the degree of coverage rate by a preventive program.