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Workshopped plays in a South African correction centre : negotiating social relations through theatre.Hurst, Christopher. January 2009 (has links)
From 1999 until 2008 I worked with offenders making plays at Westville Medium B Correction Centre, using collective techniques to address social issues and involve the audience in debates. This work was inspired by the Southern African Theatre for Development of the 1980s. During 2002 and 2003 the offenders created and performed the two plays which form the case studies for this research. Isikhathi Sewashi (The Time of the Watch), presents their experiences of growing up under apartheid, political faction fighting, and crime and asks the audience to generate solutions to crime. Lisekhon’ Ithemba (There is Still Hope) addresses the prejudice of the correctional staff and offenders towards those living with HIV/AIDS. Offenders were involved in the research process and conducted group interviews with 110 members of the audience. I conducted interviews with 21 performers and used classical Grounded Theory to analyse the interviews. The theory that emerged demonstrates how the offenders, performers and audience used theatre to negotiate social relations. The plays negotiated the stereotyping of offenders, managed conflict, and increased care for offenders who were ill. Offenders also used the plays to negotiate power relations involving the correctional system and the numbers gangs. Collective play-making techniques allowed western and African aesthetics to combine. The aesthetics of Epic Theatre and Theatre of the Oppressed combined with those of isiZulu popular performance. The theories of Freire (1996:64), Brecht (in Willet 1964: 57) and Boal (1979:xix–xxi) had the intention of promoting actions and change of a social and political nature. Both Soyinka (1976: 51) and Kamlongera (n.d. 18-26) argue that theatre that engages an African worldview has its roots in social functions involving man and his environment. The offenders’ identification with characters and situations, their feelings of regret and self-pity, drove their critical engagement with the plays. They then formulated solutions and took action to effect change. Some of their actions challenged the authority of the correctional system and the numbers gang. The binary formulation of Aristotelian and non-Aristotelian theatre in the work of Brecht (in Willet 1964: 281) and Boal (2000: xix –xxi) is contradicted in this case study. Elements from both forms co-exist here. The audience’s responses to the plays reflect what Freire (1996:33) refers to as domesticating oppression but also demonstrate praxis which emerges as forms of resistance, and self-creation. The offenders’ potential to effect change in the correction centre, however, remains limited. My findings address current debates in the field of Prison Theatre (Thompson 1998:11 and Balfour 2004: 1-18) about the potential for theatre to effect change beyond offending behaviour and to include systemic change within the correctional system. Collective play-making provides offenders with a voice in the correction centre. The power of collective play-making is that cultural production remains in the hands of offenders and becomes a means through which they can expresses their concerns and sense of reality. Further research around collective play-making in other contexts and involving communities with different cultural resources is needed to validate the emergent theory presented here or to arrive at further reformulations. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.
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The experience of service privatization in developing countries : the case of South Africa's PPP prisons.Massey, Sarah. January 2005 (has links)
Privatization, and particularly privatization of services, is a worldwide trend that has grown tremendously over the past 25 years. This growth has been particularly pronounced in developing countries in recent years. Prison services is one of many sectors that has contracted with the private sector, however, until South Africa outsourced the design, construction, finance, and operation of two maximum security prisons to the private sector for a period of 25 years, private prison companies were only involved in some developed countries. Many argue that the sector's involvement in South Africa signals its intention to expand throughout the developing world, and undoubtedly, South Africa's experience will be influential in the future growth of this sector in such countries. This paper aims to explore the experience of South Africa's public-private partnership (PPP) prisons thus far, within a context of international and domestic service privatization, in order to identify key trends and issues which may be relevant to future private sector involvement in prisons and other service sectors. Research was conducted qualitatively, with a total of 12 interviews carried out telephonically and in person. Respondents included members of the government, PPP prison administrations, and members of civil society in order to gain as wide a perspective as possible. An extensive review of the literature, as well as relevant government sources, was also undertaken. While these prisons have certainly brought benefits to South Africa's correctional service, a number of key concerns about private sector involvement in service provision were identified through this research. Firstly, the whole experience, starting with the initial decision, has lacked transparency and debate. Although contracting with the private sector was supposed to lead to increased efficiency and reduced cost, the prisons have, in fact, led to unexpected high costs and risks for the DCS. Furthermore, private sector involvement has led to a tiering of prison services, with PPP prison services generally much better than the public sector. Finally, the research indicates that there are serious questions to be raised about the effectiveness of the regulation of this sector and whether PPP prison companies are truly being held accountable by government. / Thesis (M.Dev.Studies)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2005.
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Exploring innovation in the department of correctional services : a complex adaptive systems approach.Ngubane, Amon Thuthukani. January 2011 (has links)
This study used a complex adaptive systems approach to explore innovations geared towards the rehabilitation of offenders in the Department of Correctional Services. It examined how innovations came about in view of the complex adaptive nature of the department, which is defined as a complex system with agents having various schema and mental models. It used complex adaptive systems approach as a lens through which to view the emergence of correctional innovations. This was achieved through a multi-methodical qualitative research approach to data collection, using interviews and documentary data to unpack public sector innovation, with the Correctional Services‟ Service Delivery Improvement directorate as a unit of analysis. This study further explored the compatibility of the five bedrock principles of a complex adaptive system and how such principles have shaped the emergence of innovations in a public sector organization where all innovative efforts are geared towards the improvement of service delivery as opposed to profit-making for competitive advantage, as is often the case with the profit-making sectors. In view of the dynamic and nonlinearity nature of organizational systems, the use of a complex adaptive systems perspective provided this study with a pivotal tool to analyse innovation as an emergent property of a complex adaptive system rather than as a carefully planned organizational element emanating from either strategic planning or research and development initiatives of an organization. This is further strengthened by the lack of employment of complexity science in public sector organizations like Correctional Services in particular. The study sought to achieve ground-breaking work in using complex adaptive systems perspective in innovation within the Department of Correctional Services, a terrain that has not been ventured into before. It was seen to be of crucial significance to explore innovation using complex adaptive systems and to adopt a paradigm that was initially designed for the natural sciences, and has been adopted by profit-making organizations and cascaded to the non-profit making sector as represented by the Department Correctional Services. / Thesis (M.Com.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2011.
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A history of the Breakwater Prison from 1859 to 1905Deacon, Harriet January 1989 (has links)
Bibliography: pages 85-89. / This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of a B.A (Hons.) degree in African Studies, for which my home department was Social Anthropology. The project arose out of my interest in the interdisciplinary work of Michel Foucault and its application to the history of Africa. This has been broadened into an interest in post-structuralist theory, and has been particularly focussed on the "institution". A prime example of Foucault's "complete" or "austere" institution is the prison. The Breakwater convict station, a colonial prison in Cape Town during the nineteenth century, suited both my theoretical and empirical interests. I chose this particular institution because it was the prison from which the linguist W.H.I. Bleek drew his San informants in the 1870s, and because the prison and its records were based in Cape Town. I wanted to incorporate ideas from secondary sources on Bleek and his work (e.g. Thornton 1983, Deacon 1988a). But the work took its own directions, and I have focussed here on the organization of the prison and on the prisoners in general rather than on the San.
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Coping strategies used by Leeuwkop prison correctional officers when dealing with occupational stressRaphadi, Thulisile Faith January 2017 (has links)
A report on a study project presented to the Department of Social Work School of Human and Community Development Faculty of Humanities in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Art in Occupational Social Work, October 2017 / Correctional officers face many stressors in their workplace settings such as guarding violent prisoners and ensuring the safety of everyone in the prison setting. The stressors they face may lead to occupational stress for some. The study aimed to understand the coping strategies used by correctional officers when dealing with occupational stress. To investigate the research aim, a qualitative approach and case study design were utilised. Convenience sampling was used to select 25 correctional officers employed at Leeuwkop prison, Medium B and Maximum facility. Semistructured interviews schedules were used where one-on-one interviews were conducted to collect data. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data gathered.
The study revealed that correctional officers face many stressors in their work environment such as leadership style, prison violence, uneven ratio between inmates and correctional officers as well as shift work. These stressors have different impact on their professional and personal lives such as; aggression towards their family, psychological effects, society high expectations which prevent them from living their own lives and also some felt that their work isolates them from their families. To cope with occupational stress, the study revealed that correctional officers engage in sporting activities within the prison such as soccer, others make use of employee assistance programmes and some resort to less conventional ways of coping such as absenteeism and alcohol use. Recommendations were provided to curb the challenges experienced by correctional officers which included; the need for more advertisement of employee assistance programmes, hiring more correctional officers to even out the ratio between correctional officers and inmate, the need for more occupational social workers services within the prison and lastly the need for more South African research on correctional officers coping strategies. / XL2018
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The exploration of the relationship between social reintegration processes and the built form : a proposal for a reentry rehabilitation centre for released ex-prisoners.Shazi, Manqoba Allan. January 2010 (has links)
South Africa as a developing country faces the challenges of providing a better life for
all its citizens. The South African society is of two extremes, a small population of the
wealthy and a large portion of the poor. In a growing economy there is an increase in
the gap between rich and poor. The rich work to keep their wealth and the poor work
but struggle to provide the bare necessities for their families. The challenges facing
South Africa are of alleviating poverty, through providing adequate shelter, jobs,
education and health for all South Africans. These are essential elements that are
needed to create better communities and functional families. The solutions to these
problems are sometimes not thought through and integrated with other sectors of
society. This leads to quick fix solutions to deep routed problems which are isolated
to the countries’ developments.
South Africa has a deep history rooted in apartheid. Living within a post apartheid
society South Africans have inherited a built environment that was aimed for specific
segregated population groups. In a democratic society people have an opportunity of
“equal sharing” within the economy. This leaves a large portion of the population
struggling to rid themselves of poverty. These are the major issues which lead to
committing crime and consequently imprisonment. This research study specifically
deals with the correctional services institutions built form, rehabilitation and
reintegration processes for the ex-prisoner. The built forms role in society can be far
reaching and shape the life form of its inhabitants. It can facilitate a positive role in
deterring the social ills of society. Presently the built environments cannot
accommodate the growing and integrated population groups.
The role of the correctional facilities is important in providing safe communities by
removing those individuals harmful to society. A thorough approach to imprisonment,
rehabilitation and social reintegration of ex-prisoners will assist in keeping safe
communities. The understanding of prisons, their environment and the role of the built
form with regards to social reintegration processes is important. This will assist in
lessening the amount of recidivism of ex-prisoners once released. This research seeks
to establish the role in which the built form can support rehabilitation for ex-prisoners
in the view of reintegrating them back into society. / Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.
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Employment relations management audit at Kutama Sinthumule Private PrisonRabeng, James Peter Garry 16 August 2012 (has links)
M.Phil. / An in-depth Employment Relations Management Audit conducted in Kutama Sinthumule Maximum Security Prison in order to assist both managers of the Department of Correctional Services and of Private Prison to efficiently and effectively apply sound Human Resource and Labour Relations policies and procedures. The study critically examines and discusses the perceptions of employees of the Kutama Sinthumule Maximum Security Prison. The researcher administered questionnaires to one hundred and fifty (150) employees out of a total of five hundred (500) personnel. Interviews were held with senior managers of Kutama Sinthumule Maximum Security Prison who provided vital information on issues pertaining to privatisation of prisons in South Africa
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An investigation on the perceptions of officials on their role in the rehabilitation process: the case of the East London Correctional CentreMtikitiki, Nolusindiso January 2017 (has links)
This report is the result of a literature study and questionnaire which gave insight on the role of officials in the rehabilitation process. Correctional Services has adopted a new approach, where offenders need to change their negative behaviour and be rehabilitated. Corrections have a societal responsibility towards the community to guide the offender on his rehabilitation path. This study was conducted to give a better understanding of rehabilitation to offenders The purpose of this research is to determine if the Department of Correctional Services delivers on its legal and social responsibility towards the rehabilitation of offenders. In this study the researcher gathered information on the department policies, training of officials, the programmes currently available in Correctional Services, and also the involvement of the community in this process. Corrections cannot work alone, and needs the help of the community and leaders in the community to assist it in this process. Correctional Services faces many challenges in order to succeed in the rehabilitation of offenders. Currently there is a shortage of officials in the Department of Correctional Services, and the Department cannot, therefore, fully succeed in its rehabilitative role. Another aspect is that rehabilitation programmes are voluntary, and offenders can decide if they want to become involved or not.
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An investigation into challenges faced by Thohoyandou Correction Centres in managing the correction of offenders, and monitoring parolees and its impact to the communityNthangeni, Fhelisani 10 October 2013 (has links)
Oliver Tambo Institute of Governance and Policy Studies / MPM
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The professional role of the correctional officer in the rehabilitation of offendersMatetoa, Julia Mathuetsi 08 1900 (has links)
Corrections has always been conventionally known as an occupational discipline and
not a profession. The organization of corrections has been spoken of as a
penitentiary, bearing in mind that the models of the buildings were meant for
punishment; with correctional officers recognized as guards. The role of the guards
was that of the keeper of the keys and their duty was mainly custodial in nature. The
occupation was mainly attractive to white males with a record of unemployment and
not much education. The occupation was stable, and did not require for any extra
skill. Certain researchers believe that the selection methods for prison warders were
extremely relaxed with a small amount of empirical validity. There was also thinking
that a correctional officer needed a 20/20 vision and an IQ of an imbecile.
Conversely, it has been perceived that a correctional officer can be the most
significant individual in the offender’s life, having an influence in refining or declining
the success of the different treatment programs that an offender undergoes (Josi &
Sechrest, 1998, p. 3).
Corrections is a human service occupation. Therefore, human service workers need
to have knowledge of human behaviour and be able to assess their perspectives on
any behaviour wisely and thus formulate reliable estimations. This will give them the
opportunity to enjoy suitable decision making powers and formulate a trend on
professional behaviour. Their knowledge of human behaviour will also strengthen the capability to foresee behaviour and give special knowledge to prevent any
hesitancy(Williamson, 1990, p. 43).
The role of the correctional officers (security staff) has intensely changed over the
past few decades.The correctional officer is in today's corrections, expected to
balance security and still be responsible for changing the behaviour of offenders
constructively (Josi & Sechrest, 1998, p. 11). In order to have a comprehensive
understanding of the distinctive and contradictory role of the correctional officer, it is
very important to appreciate the changes that have transpired in penal philosophy all
through the centuries. Throughout the research, the researcher will make an effort to
capture the heritage of corrections and the evolving systems of punishment of
Europe, the United States of America and South Africa and look at the applications
of the rehabilitation concept and how the Correctional Officer has been utilised as a
skilled and knowledgeable professional in the whole process. The aim of the
research being to determine the effect that correctional and professional officers
have on rehabilitation of offenders and determine the process by which the
Correctional environment can be transformed to a true profession of highest integrity
and competence.
Objectives for the study will be:
• To analyse the history and development of Corrections internationally and its
philosophical background
• To examine the impact of the history of rehabilitation in the South African
Corrections system, from the development of the first prisons in 1652 to the
demilitarisation of prisons system in the 1990s, right through to the
actualisation of the South African White Paper on Corrections, 2005
• To critically examine the professional status of the Corrections occupation
against other existing professions. The issues on education, training,
credentialing, autonomy, code of ethics and special expertise are some of the
aspects that will be looked at as the primary criterion for professions
• To explain the conception of rehabilitation and its development and
application both internationally and nationally • To critically look at the importance of Corrections system while highlighting
the mandated role of the Correctional officer and the duality of the role of
balancing security and rehabilitation.
The study will contribute on the basis of knowledge in particular regard to Education
and Training of Correctional Officers. A model will be developed for South African
Correctional Services Systems and predominant focus will be on the performance
and education and training of Correctional Officers in South Africa. / Penology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Penology)
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